...Due to Major League Baseball’s so called “Steroid Era,” it was necessary for congress to step in and take control of the situation. Before congress did their investigation, Major League Baseball did not have strict enough rules to punish players who tested positive with any kind of steroid. Also before congress took control of the situation, there was a variety of drugs that players could use during that time that Major League Baseball had not banned or were not considered a “performance enhancing drug”. Even though the so called “Steroid Era” brought fans back to the game of baseball after the lockout in 1994, it not only damaged the reputation of baseball but it also damaged the purity of the sport. Not only did it affect baseball’s reputation and purity of the game, it also affected the fans who dreamt of playing in Major League Baseball. Now we will focus the main reasons why congress took control of the steroid issue that surrounded Major League Baseball. First, Major League Baseball along with Congress noticed the issue of steroids due to Jose Canseco, an ex-major leaguer, who came clean about the steroid issue in his book titled Juiced: Wild Times, Rampant ’Roids, Smash Hits, and How Baseball Got Big. In this book, Canseco explained how he taught a variety of players how to inject steroids and how it would benefit them in the future. Throughout his book, Canseco provided details as to the players, who later broke many records; that he taught how to use steroids. For example...
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...Since then, they have only had a limited list of minor problems with players trying drugs to better their performance. The NBA is known to be the true sport of the three big sports such as; football, basketball and baseball. Being the true sport it is meaning that everyone plays fair in the league and has no concerns about people trying to cheat. Compared to football and baseball where the use of PED is a major problem. The question critics want to know is, what can football and baseball do to be more like the...
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...The American people have always been infatuated with competitive play against one another. We owe this anomaly to the primeval mentalities left behind through human evolution; and, we certainly have much to thank for these actions. Sporting, as is explained by renowned sports author Richard Davies, is the “Organized competitive activity between participants that requires some combination of skill and physical prowess.”1 Though, something more complex and unusual also comes with activity of this nature, and this is the ability to forget the destitution and difficulty of everyday life and the capability to be on a level playing field with many people that believe the same way, no matter what socio-economic class they represent. One sport in particular has transcended all other games, has continually been a psychological shelter from pain and hardships of life, and also a cultural rocket breaking through the social barriers in the American society. That sport is simply the most beloved American game of all, baseball. The purpose of this essay is to critically explore a myriad of aspects of life that have been changed due to sports, all the while concentrating on baseball as the main focal point. Further, this work will continually pose the question of how it is conceivable that a single and simple sport could greatly impact a country the way baseball has the United States. At the time of the first foreign inhabitants of North America, life was more difficult than someone of the...
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...LSD 209 final exam Click Link Below To Buy: http://hwaid.com/shop/2352/ Question 1 of 30 2.5/ 2.5 Points The case of Cohen v. Brown University stands for which of the following? A.Cutting two men's and two women's teams complies with Title IX. B.Cutting two men's and two women's teams violates Title IX because of the underrepresentation of female athletes. C.Cutting two men's and two women's teams is justified because Brown University loses money on its athletic program. D.a and b Question 2 of 30 2.5/ 2.5 Points Can a school be liable for quid pro quo sexual harassment if the following occurs?: The athletic director tells a student that in return for staying on the team, that student must submit to sexual advances. A.Yes B.No Question 3 of 30 2.5/ 2.5 Points Which of the following trademarks would receive the strongest protection? A.a professional team's logo B.a college logo C.the Olympic symbol D.a commercial product such as a soft drink Question 4 of 30 2.5/ 2.5 Points "Trademark law" is the legal term for a word, name, symbol, or device that an organization uses to identify and distinguish its services from the services of another organization and to indicate the source of the service. A. True B. False Question 5 of 30 2.5/ 2.5 Points What type of things do sports organizations seek patent protection for? A.equipment B.apparel designs C.styles of play D.All of the above Question 6 of 30 2.5/ 2.5 Points What federal law prohibits...
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...Assessment without High-Stakes Testing Protecting Childhood and the Purpose of School David Mitchell, Douglas Gerwin, Ernst Schuberth, Michael Mancini, and Hansjörg Hofrichter 1 Picture a breezy spring morning at the beach. White-tipped waves roll rhythmically up the sand, washing away footprints like a blackboard eraser on a classroom blackboard. A group of children on a school outing marches purposefully along the shore through the edge of the frothy waves. A couple of eager kids stride out in front. The teacher walking along with the main group of the class notices that one of the boys is lagging behind. The teacher slows her step to find out why this child is not keeping up with his class. There are several possibilities: 1. The child is unable to keep up with the group, due to some disability, physical or emotional, or simply exhaustion for lack of sleep or nourishment; 2. The child is unwilling to keep up with the group, due to a lack of interest or, perhaps, a surfeit of distractions along the way; or 3. The child does not know how to keep up with the group, possibly because he is new to this experience and has not been taught how to hold his balance against the waves. In each of these cases, the teacher will respond differently. In the first case, she may scoop up the boy and carry him, or ply him with a quick snack or a sip of water. In the second, she may draw his attention to something of interest up ahead or coax him with some gentle words of sympathy and encouragement...
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...cities but the one in which I live are quite different from the one I grew up. Atlanta, GA is the city where I live now. “Atlanta is the capital and most populous city in the state of Georgia as well as the urban core of one of the fastest-growing metropolitan area in the United States with a population of 537,958.” Atlanta is also known to have many actors, singers, and music producer that live here. Atlanta once held the 1996 Summer Olympics. Atlanta is the home of the National Football League Atlanta Falcons, National Basketball Association Atlanta Hawks, and Major League Baseball Atlanta Braves. Atlanta is the city to have Martin Luther King Jr. National Historic site, Carter Center, and The World of Coca-Cola Museum. When I was growing up I never paid any attention to how people look and what ethnic group he or she belong in. The community I grew up in was mainly Caucasians and African Americans. We had a few Hispanics that was living in the city but they mainly came in the summer to work. As, I grow older then I realize what ethnic group I came from and was many different types of ethnic groups. I am African American and I take exceptional pride in my ethnic and religion. He or she will not find many people who will sit there and say they are proud of where they come. Because I have been living in Atlanta, GA I noticed that Africans Americans dominated over the Caucasians. That is most clearly hard to believe because in some cities Caucasians...
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...events of discrimination and cruel treatment to those being discriminated against. It’s unfortunate that our history continues to repeat itself as we’ve revived these corruptive actions and continue to apply them to certain individuals in society. Seems that in this century its ok to repeat corruptive behavior as long it’s not as harmful as it had been before in history. It’s come to a time where we can concentrate many individuals into areas that allow them to remove the issue of homelessness from the views of society. Marginalization is part of the way the homeless have been abstracted from the rest of society when homeless lives are of very little concern since marginalization has continued to push them further away from society. It’s a history of treatment that has continued to be used as in the past , but we are unfamiliar of the history of the homeless to have empathy of their circumstances. It’s also contributed to the unknown fear we have of the homeless as we walk in fear of the homeless but not understanding why we are scared of them except that their not privileged like we are. Discrimination of the homeless has been the force behind dehumanizing these individuals shifting the perspective of society to believe that they deserve this treatment leaving us with little intentions to stop this cruel treatment. Abstraction of the homeless has been one of the ways the homeless are dehumanized as their existence in society is disregarded by compiling homeless individuals into...
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...Kolb, The Concussion Blog).” NFL quarterback Kevin Kolb has suffered three major concussions since 2010 (Galliford, Buffalorumblings). His most recent one just this past August effectively ended his football career. This is just one example of the many in which multiple or severe concussions have cut short careers in sports. The issue of player safety in sport has become a topic of controversy and debate in recent years. Many professional leagues such as the NFL and the NHL have adopted strict concussion test protocols and procedures for its players. Player safety has no doubt become a major concern in contact sports. The problem is, many of these regulations have yet to address what happens after playing careers are over. What happens to former players’ mental and physical health after they retire? How do players whom have suffered multiple concussions playing contact sports live their lives as opposed to players whom have played non-contact sports such as golf or baseball? What will be questioned in this analysis is do known players that have suffered multiple and/or severe concussions throughout their playing careers due to playing a contact sport develop abnormally high levels of mental and physical health problems at an early age? Previous history on the attempts to lower the frequency of severe injury and concussions have shown advances in equipment and medicine. In the middle of the twentieth century, players participating in contact sports such...
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...Chapter 3 THE CHALLENGES FACING PROFESSIONAL SPORTS The Financial Status of Professional Sports Growth of Professional Sports Major Leagues Minor Leagues State of Women’s Professional Sports Leagues Other Successful Sports Properties The Economic Reality of Professional Sports Team Financial Statements Controlling Player Costs National Football League National Basketball Association Major League Baseball National Hockey League European Soccer’s Path to Financial Health: UEFA’s Financial Fair Play Creative Accounting Roster Depreciation Allowance Franchise Appreciation Summary The Financial Status of Professional Sports Growth of Professional Sports Major Leagues The 1990s and early 2000s was a period of substantial growth for professional sports at all levels. The number of teams in the Big 4 major leagues grew from 103 franchises in 1989 to 122 franchises by 2001. During that time, the National Hockey League (NHL) added eight expansion teams, Major League Baseball (MLB) added four, the National Football League (NFL) added three, and the National Basketball Association (NBA) added five teams. In addition, several new leagues were launched in the 1990s with aspirations of becoming prominent national properties, most notably Major League Soccer (MLS) and the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). By 2001, each of the Big 4 leagues had reached a saturation point, having established franchises in nearly every market capable...
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...LESSONS OF SPORT......................... 5 III. BASICS................................................ 6 a. too much too early?.............................. 8 b. competition’s role understood ............... 11 c. competition, participation, and fun......... 12 d. not enough?........................................ 14 IV. WHAT CAN WE CONCLUDE?.................... 15 V. THE MICROWORLD OF PARTICIPATION...... 17 VI. APPENDIX A......................................... 19 a. Shields and Bredemeier...................... 19 a.1. moral maturity: what are psychologists looking for?............ 22 a.2. game thinking............................. 24 a.3. moral confusion........................... 25 b. Stoll, Lumpkin, Beller, and Hahm.............. 27 It has been recognized for centuries that sport can contribute to education values that make for the development of character and right social relations . . . . [Within this contribution] there are many intertwined and interwoven threads of influences, subtle and not always easy to analyze. But sportsmen who year by year have contact with the playing of amateur games do not need to be convinced by argument of the validity of . . . [sport’s contribution]. Kennedy, 19311 Sport studies scholars . . . [present sports as a] major source of . . . [social] problems . . . . [But most] athletes, coaches, parents, youth sports...
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...TORTS OUTLINE 1) INTENTIONAL TORTS (3 -5) a) Intent b) Battery c) Assault d) False Imprisonment e) IIED f) Tresspass to Chattels g) Conversion 2) PRIVILEGES (5 - 7) a)Consent b) Self Defense c) Defense of others d) Defense of Property e) Recovery of Property f) Necessity g) Authority of Law h) Discipline i) Justification 3) NEGLIGENCE (PAGES 7 - 11) a) History b) Elements of A Cause of Action c) A negligence formula d) Standard of care i) The RPP ii) The Professional iii) Aggrivated Negligence e) Rules Of Law f) Violation of Statute (NEGLIGENCE PER SE) i) Applicability of Statute ii) Effect of Statute g) Proof of Negligence i) Court and Jury: Circumstantial Evidence ii) RES IPSA LOQUITUR 4) CAUSATION IN FACT (11 - 12) a) Sine Qua Non b) Proof of Causation c) Concurrent Causes d) Problems Determining Who Caused the Harm 5) PROXIMATE CAUSE (12 - 14) a) Unforeseeable Consequences b) Intervening Causes c) Public Policy d) Shifting Responsibility 6) JOINT TORTFEASORS (14 - 17) a) Liability and Joinder of Defendants b) Satisfaction and Release c) Contribution and Indemnity d) Apportionment of Damages 7) DUTY a) b) c) d) e) OF CARE (17 - 19) Privity of Contract Failure to Act Pure Economic Loss Emotional Distress Unborn Children 8) OWNERS AND OCCUPIERS OF LAND (19 - 21) a) Outside the Premises b) On the premises 1) Trespassers 2) Licensees 3) Invitees 4) People outside the established Categories i) Children ii) Persons Privileged to enter outside of Owners consent iii) Rejection...
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...TORTS OUTLINE 1) INTENTIONAL TORTS (3 -5) a) Intent b) Battery c) Assault d) False Imprisonment e) IIED f) Tresspass to Chattels g) Conversion 2) PRIVILEGES (5 - 7) a)Consent b) Self Defense c) Defense of others d) Defense of Property e) Recovery of Property f) Necessity g) Authority of Law h) Discipline i) Justification 3) NEGLIGENCE (PAGES 7 - 11) a) History b) Elements of A Cause of Action c) A negligence formula d) Standard of care i) The RPP ii) The Professional iii) Aggrivated Negligence e) Rules Of Law f) Violation of Statute (NEGLIGENCE PER SE) i) Applicability of Statute ii) Effect of Statute g) Proof of Negligence i) Court and Jury: Circumstantial Evidence ii) RES IPSA LOQUITUR 4) CAUSATION IN FACT (11 - 12) a) Sine Qua Non b) Proof of Causation c) Concurrent Causes d) Problems Determining Who Caused the Harm 5) PROXIMATE CAUSE (12 - 14) a) Unforeseeable Consequences b) Intervening Causes c) Public Policy d) Shifting Responsibility 6) JOINT TORTFEASORS (14 - 17) a) Liability and Joinder of Defendants b) Satisfaction and Release c) Contribution and Indemnity d) Apportionment of Damages 7) DUTY a) b) c) d) e) OF CARE (17 - 19) Privity of Contract Failure to Act Pure Economic Loss Emotional Distress Unborn Children 8) OWNERS AND OCCUPIERS OF LAND (19 - 21) a) Outside the Premises b) On the premises 1) Trespassers 2) Licensees 3) Invitees 4) People outside the established Categories i) Children ii) Persons Privileged to enter outside of Owners consent iii) Rejection...
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...Magazine Advertising Copy Yoshitaka Kanakubo, Nick Leung, and Madeline Yacoe Many successful advertisements capture a reader’s attention by deliberately contradicting expectations. This convention of nonconformity rewards creativity and exploration, but discourages strict regulations. The genre of promoting ideas or products changes constantly, as innovative ads continually replace yesterday’s stale traditions. This evolution is what complicates our job of defining precise strategies for writing successful ads. Popular magazines commonly feature full-page color ads. These often depict modern culture, relate to current events, and reflect the mindset of the period. Magazine ads do more than just sell products; they also promote ideas, bolster public opinion of a brand name, and are fun to look at. To break away from the mainstream, advertisers employ new ideas and constantly challenge current trends. These imaginative ads draw attention and revenue, and promote the culture of freedom and unrestrained creativity that exists in the advertising industry today. We know that the unstructured freedom of writing the text in a magazine ad (called the copy) can be overwhelming for the unaccustomed. We wrote this guide to help you understand what works and what doesn’t. It describes common techniques and explains when to use (or ignore) them. Hopefully, this discussion will prompt you to ask productive questions about your own work, and will help you create successful ads. It will also...
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... Cheating: * Any attempt to give or obtain assistance in a formal academic exercise (like an examination) without due acknowledgment. * dishonesty and breaking the rules. Reasons of cheating 1. Performance concerns * Need to excel at any cost 2. External pressures * Academic * Semester workload too heavy * Others’ cheating puts me at disadvantage * Professor/text did not adequately explain material * Too many tests on one day * Nonacademic * Pressure from parents * Job leaves no time for study * Illness prevents adequate preparation * GPA for athletic qualification * Financial aid depends on GPA * Good grades needed for job or graduate school 3. Unfair professors * Overly harsh grading * Unfair tests designed to fail students * Unreasonable workload in course 4. Lack of effort * Did not attend class * Did not study, do reading, etc. 5. Adherence to other loyalties * Helping a friend * Loyalty to a group (fraternity) 6. All’s fair in love and academia 7. Opportunity * Unexpected opportunity arose * Instructor left room during exam * Instructor wasn’t watching carefully * Other students didn’t cover their paper 8. Campus ethos * Others do it * No one ever really gets punished/caught Some ways of cheating 1. Copying Homework ...
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...The Talent Code – Greatness Isn’t Born. It’s Grown. Here’s How Introduction – The Girl Who Did a Month’s Worth of Practice in Six Minutes: * Media coverage tends to treat each hotbed as a singular phenomenon, but in truth they are all part of a larger and older pattern * Consider the artists of the Italian Renaissance, during which the city of Florence (population 70,000) suddenly produced an explosion of geniuses that has never been seen before * The questions echo – where does this extraordinary talent come from? How does it grow? * Clarissa, part of a study by music psychologists that tracked her progress at the clarinet for several years * Based on her aptitude tests and the testimony of her teacher, parents and her self, she possessed no music gifts * Good musical ear, but her motivation was below average * In the study’s written section, she responded “because I’m supposed to” as her reason for practicing * Nonetheless, she had become famous in music-science circles * Since on an average morning, the camera would capture this average kid doing something un-average, in 5 minutes and 40 seconds, she accelerated her learning speed by 10x and she didn’t even notice * Her music sounded pretty bad, common sense would lead us to believe that Clarissa is failing, but this would be wrong * She has a blueprint in her mind that she’s constantly comparing herself too, she’s not ignoring errors, she’s hearing...
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