...1. Define Wicked Problem, Examples, 10 Properties. 2. Summarize the 4 solutions listed 3. Summarize PPG’s situation and wickedness 4. Analyze their strategy to come up wickedness through solutions listed in the context: 1. Involve stakeholders, document opinions and communicate 2. Define the corporate identity 3. Focus on action and Adopt a “feed-forward” orientation 5. Lessons from case PPG Question 3 The company, founded over a century ago as a plate-glass manufacture, chemicals and coating business. PPG is a global player with 125 manufacturing facilities and partner over 25 countries,. PPG first became aware of strategy’s wickedness in the late 1980s. Two missteps taught the company that diversification, be it into other industries or countries, is fraught with peril: 1 Diversification: PPG expanded its portfolio by acquiring medical electronics businesses from Honeywell and Litton Industries in 1986 and from Allegheny International in 1987. However, the biomedical industry’s volatility and the units’ focus on customization did not fit the company’s competence in low cost, standardized production. As resulte: Seven years later, PPG had to sell the division. 2 Being in other countries: The company others wicked challenge was China, where PPG offering the market with something they do not have competitive edge over the local supplier. This result where PPG’s operations there...
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...The Wicked Problem of Broken Food System A broken food system refers to food-related processes or infrastructure for feeding a population that do not work for consumers causing problems in the context of economic, environmental, health, and societal influences (University of Vermont Continuing Education 2012). It can be identified as a wicked problem in that almost one billion people are hungry due to the broken food system although there is enough food produced and that eighty percent of the hungry people are even people engaged in food production such as farmers and fishermen (Tim Norton 2012). This contradictory phenomenon points out that the distribution of food is not working well and presents that broken food system is a wicked problem. The second point is related to disposal of food warning against human beings' lack of respect for nature. Although the broken food system is resulted from many different reasons, the basic reason is in human's anti-environmental activities such as overuse of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, industrial farming to make bio-fuels which results a large amount of CO2 and causes rapid climate change. According to Rittel who defined the concept of 'wicked problem' in 1973, wicked problems are ambiguous, complex, and subjective and they don't follow traditional method to approach solution as tame problems do (Tom Ritchey 2011). More specifically, wicked problems have various possible approaches rather one right answer (University of Technology...
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...we deprived of will? Must we not wish, for fear of wishing ill? Receive my counsel, and securely move; Intrust thy pastime to the powers above. Leave them to manage for thee, and to grant What their unerring wisdom sees thee want. In goodness, as in greatness, they excel: Ah, that we loved ourselves but half so well!" DRYDEN. Coffman's Commentaries on the Bible Verse 8 REASONS FOR NOT FRETTING OVER EVIL-DOERS "Cease from anger, and forsake wrath: Fret not thyself, it tendeth only to evil-doing. For evil-doers shall be cut off; But those that wait for Jehovah, they shall inherit the land. For yet a little while, and the wicked shall not be: Yea, thou shalt diligently consider his place, and he shall not be. But the meek shall inherit the land, And shall delight themselves in the abundance of peace." "Yet a little while, and the wicked shall be cut off" (Psalms 37:9), There is very likely a double meaning here. A lifetime on this earth is indeed a very brief time; and that fact is surely in view here; but the whole period of probation of mankind, which is concurrently extensive with the Christian dispensation is also but "a little time." The...
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...Wicked Willy is the infamous villain that roams the city of Pentium. The town is hero less, and the government has given up on solutions to take down the mighty beast. Wicked Willy has been roaming Pentium for almost 25 years, and has never been stopped once. The city is mostly deserted now due to many people being killed by him or managing someway to escape the horror town. Wicked Willy is the most Wicked of all villains because of his appearance, tactics, and legacy. Willy is technically considered a human being, but his appearance is so barbaric, that it simply doesn't feel right to call him a human being. He has never shaved once, so his head is full of hair, his eyes and mouth are barely visible. His huge amount of hair is put up in long dreads, and pointing out, giving him a sort of hedgehog-like feature. He is very big and strong, he has hair all over his stomach, legs and arms. He wears a trench coat, with a white t-shirt under and very baggy black jeans and boots. He has no teeth, and his nose is sort of cut in half , and he cut his nostrils to where he only has one nose opening....
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...Observation is an underrated skill, and one that is in great demand for those in pursuit of wicked problems. By Matthew E. May OBSERVE FIRST, DESIGN SECOND: TAMING THE TRAPS OF TRADITIONAL THINKING THE IMPOVERISHED ECONOMY in rural northern Nigeria is based on subsistence farming. The large population inhabiting the many isolated communities survives by growing, consuming and selling fruits and vegetables nourished by the many streams and rivers that flow into Lake Chad. However, the arid heat of the semi-desert geography presents a significant problem: rapid food decay. Perishables last no more than a few days before spoiling. The solution would seem easy enough: refrigeration. But the problem is far more complex than simply being too poor to afford a refrigerator. For starters, there is no electricity. Mohammed Bah Abba, a Nigerian-born adviser to the United Nations Development Program in Jigawa, knew that this problem was even more far-reaching. The women of this predominantly polygamist society are segregated from the men and confined to their homes—a cultural practice called purdah. As a result, the 40 / Rotman Magazine Spring 2012 young girls of the family are forced to travel long distances to large markets each day to sell the food as soon as it is harvested, leaving little, if any, time for school. Furthermore, much of what is produced is either sold cheap or wasted, resulting in losses to an already meager income, or sold in a partly spoiled state, resulting...
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...spread of the communication equipments and it includes the revolution of the society and the technology, which usually refer in particular to the arguments created when these technology widely used (H.Jenkins & D.Thorburn, The Digital Revolution, the Informed Citizen, and the Culture of Democracy, 2003, p.1). However, this revolution can to some extent be a wicked problem for its search of solution could never stop and each solution of a digital solution is always a "one-shot" operation as well as the difficulty to generate a solution immediately or ultimately (J.C.Camillus, 2008, p.100). As for the first one, since digital industry is an emerging industry, the problems of the digital revolution can hardly be clarified in the foreseeable future (J.C.Camillus, 2008, p.100). Thus, the same as the wicked problem, the digital revolution has no stopping rule as well since it needs to keep finding new solutions for new problems (J.C.Camillus, 2008, p.100). For the second one, because of the lack experience in the digital industry, the problem appeared in digital revolution is hard to be imitated, so, unlike the original problem, the digital revolution problem's solution cannot get opportunities to learn by trial and error and should treat every attempt significantly (J.C.Camillus, 2008, p.100). In addition, every completed solution cannot get a noneffective consequence (J.C.Camillus, 2008, p.100). In spite of the first...
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...Elphaba, aslo known as the wicked witch of the west, is victim to descrimination due to her unusually strong talent and green skin tone, but learns through her unlikely friendship with the a "goody Goody" witch named Glinda that being an outcast isn't necessarily a bad thing. The government exploits her powers, convincing the public that she is a villain rather than a hero, trying to save the animals from the oppressing government. She learns that with the corrupt government, it's sometimes good to be a young powerful witch. My main focus is to outline how Elphaba is a rolemotle for people who feel like being different is a bad thing. It important for children especially to know that being different isn't detrimental, and can be a good thing,...
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... Defending the Arts 2 Me and my wife have always enjoyed the arts and took and opportunity recently to go see the play “Wicked” in Raleigh N.C.. It has always been one of my wives favorite plays so it ended up being what I wanted us to go see. Wicked is a new twist on the classic tale of the Wizard of Oz. It is a play adaptation of Gregory Maguire's book of the same name. In this retelling, the “wicked” witch is actually the heroine of the story, who starts out as the outcast and is coached by Glinda, her big sister. She begins to be popular, which is expressed in a musical number that was one of my wife's favorite songs in the play. However, she realizes her real desire is not to fall in love and pursue the wizard/witch love story, but to be free. During the play the musical numbers played a huge part in telling the story as well as the movements of the characters. With song it was easy to tell what each character was feeling and meaning to express. The songs also cause you to feel similar feelings to the characters. According to ("2knowmyself", 2006-2011) music is the fastest way to create emotion to the audience. Within seconds you can completely change a listener's emotional state ("2knowmyself", 2006-2011) . During the song “Defying Gravity” two characters, Glinda the good witch and Elfie the wicked witch, are having an argument about following society and what others expect and being who you really are. During a song such as this, both characters...
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...Long before Dorothy dropped in, two girls meet in the Land of Oz in the new Broadway musical Wicked. Playwright Winnie Holzman has adapted Gregory Maguire’s best-selling novel of the same title and paired it with new music and lyrics by Stephen Schwartz to create a show about the untold story of Glinda, the Good Witch, and Elphaba, the Wicked Witch of the West. Wicked centers on Elphaba, a young woman who is born green and thus is an outsider. Her different appearance leads the people of Oz to misjudge her. As the characters journey through Oz, they develop the courage to overcome stereotypes and realize the true meaning of friendship. The characters in Wicked grapple with moral dilemmas and ethics in a way that is unique among Broadway shows. At the heart of the show are important and relevant questions about tolerance: Does “tolerance” mean that we should respect and treat kindly those who are different from us, or has it been redefined to mean that we should not “tolerate” anyone with whom we disagree? In the same way, Wicked probes the question of good and evil. Can we ever judge anyone as evil? Is there any objective source that defines good and evil or are they strictly matters of one’s personal feelings and opinion? Can we say it is wrong to scapegoat girls born green and talking animals for one’s own political gain? Can we say anything is ever wrong or is that “judging” and being “intolerant” of those whose motives, behavior and...
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...part to an increasing number of literary works both Canadian and otherwise. Canadian literature can often be placed under Margaret Atwood’s literary analysis “Survival a Thematic Guide to Canadian Literature”. In this it is stated that women in Canadian literature frequently suffer from Rapunzel Syndrome (209). In the Rapunzel Syndrome there are four elements: Rapunzel the main character; the wicked witch who has imprisoned her [...]; the tower she’s imprisoned in [...]; and the Rescuer (Atwood 209). Sinclair Ross’s short story “The Painted Door” is an example of how all of these elements can be present in Canadian literature. The Rapunzel Syndrome requires a wicked witch who imprisones Rapunzel to her tower. In “The Painted Door” John can be seen as this wicked witch who is responsible for trapping his wife, Rapunzel to her tower. After deciding to visit his father before the storm his wife expresses genuine concern about the undertaking. John disregards her pleas to stay and convinces her that she will be safe. Although John is at fault for trapping his wife he is by no means wicked. He loves his wife deeply and has only good intentions in mind; keeping his father and her safe from the storm. The protagonist’s tower in the painted door is seen, in physical form as her cottage. She can not leave simply because the storm would defeat her almost as soon as she left. However, apart from the cottage, her tower can also be seen as “the attitudes of society” (Atwood 209) symbolized...
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...organization called WICKED. Which stands for, World in Catastrophe: Killzone Experiment Department. Their role in the book is to look over the Gladers, the kids that were rescued from the maze, making sure they are strong and healthy. The role of parents is to make sure that their children are strong and healthy as well. This shows that both the organization WICKED, and a mother and father share some similar traits. As well as, they have their own differences. For example, WICKED is a facility where they take away the children’s freedom and kill them if they have to. On the other hand, parents are supposed to love and care for their children, and they have to listen to what their children have to say. This is why the organization WICKED and parents are so closely related, while being so far apart....
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...Concert Report The venue for the musical ‘Wicked The Untold Story of The Witches of Oz.’ was the Majestic Theater located in downtown, San Antonio. The inside of the Majestic Theater is designed like and amphitheater, going as far as to have a night sky as the ceiling in the theater. The orchestra pit was hidden from view but you could still tell where it was located. The general demographic was an age group varying from what appeared to be 6 being the youngest the oldest ranging from 50- 60 from what I could observe. The gender that was present were mainly female but with nearly the same amount of males present, the ratio between male and female could be observed as a 2:1 for every two females there is one male. The economic status of each attendee varied from being somewhat wealthy to middle class, there was no defined economic status present. Ethnicity also varied there was no defined race present it was an even mixture of Caucasian, Hispanic, African American, and Asian. During the performance the actors communicated to each other with rehearsed lines and movements, there were only two heavily choreographed numbers, during these numbers each actor knew exactly what they were doing and they're correct placing. There seemed to be a silent communication between all the actors such as subtly head nods and direction via unseen body language. While some leaders were seen in number it always varied like in the ‘Dancing through Life’ number was lead by Fiyero the male lead...
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...Many people have read or seen the movie “The Wizard of Oz”, but how many people can say that they know why it was created. People see this as a cute children’s story that teaches them that it is fine to be different and that each person has their own special quality that makes them who they are. However, the story was written by Frank L. Baum, to show how life was defining Populism. The three characters Tin Woodman, the Scarecrow, and the Cowardly Lion help to define it. The Tin Woodman in the book and movie was the character that “did not” have a heart. The Tin Woodman was made up of all tin to represent that he was a hard worker. During this period laborer had to work hard or they would be fire. Many workers started working harder than ever and basically becoming the machines. This shows how Populist view of evil Eastern influence on honest labor which could hardly be more pointed. The one thing bad about being made of all tin is that when it rains you start to rust. From the point of being a worker over time you start to put too much on your body and your body starts to give out. The Lion in the book and movie was the character that wanted to have courage. The Lion represents Bryan himself. In 1896 Bryan lost the election to become the Eastern laborer. Bryan feels like he lost because his competitor pressured the voters by having all of his workers believe in him. The Lion was being used to show the importance of silver. Silver is worth a lot and should...
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...In the Wizard of Oz by L. Frank Baum, the main protagonist, Dorothy, is portrayed as a selfless, kind girl, but if you begin to read between lines, it will become more clear that Dorothy only helps others to conquer her personal fears, she unintentionally improves the land of Oz and while her friends go out of their way to help her she only helps them a scarce amount of times in meaningless ways. To begin with, Dorothy realises that she has to make her journey alone, she is fearful. In land of the Munchkins, Dorothy pleads with the Witch of the North, “to go with (her)”. Alas the Witch cannot do that so she gives “Dorothy her kiss … no one will … injure a person who has … (received) a kiss” from the Witch of the North, for the power of good is far stronger than the power of evil. Unfortunately, she doesn’t succeed in gaining companionship with the Queen, but she accepts the companionship of the Scarecrow, the Cowardly Lion and the Tin Woodman. Dorothy is not alone anymore and her new friends prove to be quite helpful in diminishing the fears she has. Furthermore, When Dorothy arrives in the Land of Oz, she is greeted as a sorceress by the Witch of the North. Dorothy denies title of a sorceress. She explains to the Witch “... (she) is an innocent, harmless little girl…” who never in her life has killed anyone or anything in her life. If Dorothy could choose to “…kill the powerful Witch…” by herself and not get anything out of it what do you think she would do? All of the...
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... “Toto, I've got a feeling we’re not in Kansas anymore.” Everybody knows this quote from The Wizard of Oz, but do you know the actor who played the part? A woman named Judy Garland had played the part of Dorothy, along with many other successful roles. This essay talks about Judy Garland’s early life, adult life, significance in the 1920’s and 1930’s, her later life, and her death. Judy Garland had helped many people get through the great depression even though she was depressed herself. On June 10, 1922, in Grand Rapids, Minnesota, Judy Garland was born. (imdb.com) Her parents were Francis and Ethel Gumm. Furthermore, her siblings were, Dorothy, who was 5 years, and Mary Jane, who was 7 years older. Ever since the sisters were little they had been performing as ‘The Gumm Sisters’. Of course the siblings never went to regular school, but they did take acting, singing, and dancing lessons. (Biography.com) Garland had spent her whole life on stage, so it wasn't a surprise that she never went to college, but she did sign a contract with MGM which is the people who convinced Judy Gumm to become Judy Garland. In her life, Garland had been married a total of five times. Her first marriage was when she was nineteen years old, to the band member David Rose. Shortly thereafter, the couple had separated and became officially divorced 1945. Not long after, she married she married Vincent Minnelli. With Minnelli, Garland had her first child, a daughter named Liza. But only a short seven...
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