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Women and Science

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Submitted By alex1989
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1. ¿Crees que todavía se mantienen tendencias discriminatorias sobre la promoción profesional, el acceso a los puestos de decisión y representación, y la segregación en torno a determinados ámbitos de ocupación de las mujeres? Creo que todavía existen este tipo de casos de segregación horizontal. Actualmente los puestos de responsabilidad dentro de las empresas aun prevalecen en la cabeza los hombres. las mujeres al llegar a los estudios son mejores que los hombres académicamente, se observa en las notas y como son ellas las que terminan sus estudios en menor tiempo respecto los hombres. Después el hombre lo tiene más fácil que la mujer a la hora de enfrentarse al mundo laboral, ya sea por machismo o por miedo las mujeres lo tienen mas complicado en comparación con los hombres. A la hora de contratar a un hombre o a una mujer el factor más influyente es el embarazo, ya que o las echan cuando terminan el contrato o le ponen restricciones a la hora de ofrecerles el puesto laboral. En algunos trabajos esto da más de si, las mujeres acceden como jefas de departamento dentro de las universidades o puestos altos ejecutivos, pero en menor peso.

2. Desde los primeros pasos hasta nuestros días han pasado miles de años, con continuos cambios en el papel de la mujer en los engranajes sociales existentes en cada momento. Enumera algunos de estos cambios en los diferentes ámbitos. Desde el inicio de la Humanidad, el papel de la mujer ha resultado determinante para el éxito de nuestra especie. Sus funciones, a nivel social, se han ido enriqueciendo con el paso de las diferentes etapas de la evolución. En un primer momento los hombres, debido a su mayor fuerza física, se especializaron en la caza, y la mujer asumió la responsabilidad de recolectar frutos. Podría decirse que fueron las primeras botánicas. Esta ya que fueron las primeras en interesarse en el estudio de las plantas, en reconocer cuáles eran comestibles y cuales no, y en descubrir sus propiedades medicinales. Han existido épocas de gran injusticia, especialmente durante la Edad Media en Europa, época de procesos inquisitoriales religiosos contra las mujeres que hacían ciencia, en los cuales se las tildaba de "brujas" y de tener contacto con el Diablo. Hacer ciencia, en muchos casos, se pagaba con la vida. El Renacimiento fue un punto de inflexión. La mujer comienza a resurgir en la ciencia, con los consiguientes problemas que la sociedad tiene para asimilar este cambio revolucionario. Desde la mujer renacentista hasta nuestros días, los pasos de la mujer en la ciencia han sido pasos de gigante. Actualmente, sobre todo en occidente, el reconocimiento y prestigio de la mujer se está restituyendo con un vigor y a una velocidad desconocidos. El futuro es la igualdad, no entendido por paridad entre hombres y mujeres, sino que todos y todas compartan los mismos derechos legales y sociales plenamente reconocidos; que nuestros méritos, sin ninguna clase de discriminación, nos permitan aspirar a los mismos puestos, y que las capacidades de cada cual sean lo determinante para ser la persona elegida para desempeñar un trabajo.

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