...IJMBs Vol. 1, Issue 3, septeMBer 2011 I S S N : 2 3 3 0 - 9 5 1 9 (O n l i n e ) | I S S N : 2 2 3 1-2463 ( P r in t) Working Capital Management in Cement Company a Study 1 1 T.Chandrabai, 2Dr.K.Venkata Janardhan Rao Dept. of Mgmt. Studies, Padmasri Dr.B.V.Raju Institute of Tech., Narsapur, Medak, AP, India 2 Dept. of Commerce and Business Management, Kakatiya University, Warangal, AP, India Abstract Working capital is considered to be life-giving force to an economic entity and managing working capital one of the most important functions of corporate management. Working capital management (WCM) is the management of short-term financing requirements of a firm which includes maintaining optimum balance of working capital components – receivables, inventory and payables – and using the cash efficiently for day-to-day operations. The main objectives of this study are to examine and evaluate the working capital management in ACC Limited, examine the management pattern of inventory, liquidity, cash position and receivables management. This also finds the relationship between Working Capital Efficiency and Profitability, Profitability and Market ratios. Keywords Working Capital, Liquidity, Profitability, Market ratios, Inventory I. Introduction Global slowdown that severely affected several countries had its invariable effect on Indian Industrial production as also on other important sectors of Indian Economy. The Cement Industry, which exhibited...
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...| | | |II. COURSE DESCRIPTION | |Students will gain a working knowledge of financial management by learning to develop a systematic approach to financial analysis; to apply techniques for | |planning, forecasting, and managing; as well as to evaluate and recommend improvements in the organization's financial performance. | | | |III. PREREQUISITES | | | |FIN 5001 OR FINP 5008 and ACTP 5001 | | | |IV. LEARNING OUTCOMES ...
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...can indicate whether a company can continue without going concern problem. Working capital is subtractive between current assets and current liabilities, and it is helpful to increase firm’s profitability in the short term but taking a risk of insolvency. Manager of a firm are desired to find a balance between liquidity and profitability to improve cash flow and maximize shareholder’s wealth. As soon as a company starts to run its business, it comes the decision and strategy about how much cash or inventory should be hold, how to financing and investing funds, how much debt to take and how long for the payment periods. Those decisions have serious influences on business cash flow and profitability. The Meaning of Working Capital The way to calculate working capital is: Working capital = Current Assets – Current Liabilities “Current assets may include inventories of raw materials, work-in-progress and finished goods, trade receivables, short-term investments and cash, while current liabilities may include trade payables, overdrafts and short-term loans.” (See table 1) “Working capital is the result of subtracting current liabilities from current assets. It is a measure of a company's solvency, its capacity to make large purchases and take advantage of bulk discounts, and its ability to attract customers by offering advantageous credit terms” (Conrad Carlberg, April 2, 2008) “Net working capital represents the excess of current assets over current liabilities and...
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...Working Capital Structure and Financing Pattern of Mauritian SMEs Kesseven Padachi*; C. Howorth[1]; M. S. Narasimhan[2] and R. Durbarry3 *School of Business, Management and Finance University of Technology, Mauritius La Tour Koenig, Pointe – aux – Sables, Mauritius kpadachi@utm.intnet.mu ABSTRACT The competitive nature of the business environment requires firms to adjust their strategies and adopt good financial policies to survive and sustain growth. Most firms have an important amount of cash invested in current assets, as well as substantial amounts of current liabilities as a source of financing. This paper therefore analyses the working capital structure and financing pattern of small to medium-sized Mauritian manufacturing firms, using primarily secondary data. Structural differences in working capital and the financing pattern of the sample firms are analysed and the results showed significant structural changes over the study period. The research finding revealed disproportionate increase in current asset investment in relation to sales resulting in sharp decline in working capital turnover. The analysis also revealed an increasing trend in the short-term component of working capital financing; in particular trade credit and other payables have financed the major part of working capital. This over-concentration on short-term funds is a reality of the SMEs as they often faced difficulties in raising finance and they are viewed to be informationally opaque....
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...A Project Report Entitled Study of Working Capital Management of Jain Irrigation System Ltd. (JISL) Submitted in partial fulfillment of Post-Graduate Degree Master in BusinessAdministrat ion TO University of Pune -: Submitted By:- Santosh Deoram Watpad e -: The Research Guide:- Prof. Shekhar Paranjpe -:For The Academic Year:- 2007-09 INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd. MET s Institute Of Management, BHUJBA L KNOWLEDGE CITY, MET League of Colleges, Adgaon, Nasik - 422 003 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT It gives me immense pleasure to present this project report on Working Capital Management carried out at Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd. In partial fulfillment of post-graduate course M.B.A. No work can be carried out without the help and guidance of various persons. I am happy to take this opportunity to express my gratitude to those who have been helpful to me in completing this project report. At the outset I would like to thank Mr. S.R. Gohil sir Head of Dept. (Accounts) for their valuable advice and guidance during my project completion, also MR. Jain Sir (Head of bill passing dept.) and Mr. M.C. Mangal sir (Head of SQC. dept.) for timely help concerning various aspects of project. I also thanks to all staff members of account department for help me to complete the summer internship program. I would be failing in my duty if I do not express my deep sense of gratitude to Prof. Shekhar Paranjpe sir without his guidance it wouldn t...
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...u08a1 Essay – Minimizing Working Capital Using Internet resources or the Capella University Library, research and write an essay on the importance and challenges of minimizing working capital. Your paper should be 4–6 pages in length and include three outside references. Your writing should be well organized and clear. Writing structure, spelling, and grammar should be correct as well. How to improve better performance of Working Capital Management Read more: http://www.ukessays.com/essays/finance/how-to-improve-better-performance-of-working-capital-management-finance-essay.php#ixzz2E8PrJWkr http://www.studymode.com/essays/Working-Capital-408723.html http://blog.accountingcpd.net/2012/08/16/working-capital-optimisation-in-smes-part-iii/ http://www.termpaperwarehouse.com/essay-on/Working-Capital/53803 * http://www.termpaperwarehouse.com/essay-on/Minimizing-Working-Capital/30029 * http://www.ing-wholesalebanking.com/insights/assets/pdf/research/1482.pdf * http://smallbusiness.chron.com/effect-revenue-increase-working-capital-42574.html * Working Capital * In business accounting, working capital is a benchmark measure of your company's ability to meet its short-term obligations. It's calculated by taking your business' current assets and subtracting its current liabilities. Current assets are those that can or will be converted to cash in the next year. The major current assets are cash, accounts receivable and inventory. Current liabilities are obligations...
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...Products Integrative Problems Get Tutorial by Clicking on the link below or Copy Paste Link in Your Browser https://hwguiders.com/downloads/fin-370-week-3-team-assignment-caladonia-products-integrative-problems/ For More Courses and Exams use this form ( http://hwguiders.com/contact-us/ ) Feel Free to Search your Class through Our Product Categories or From Our Search Bar (http://hwguiders.com/ ) Solutions Guide: 1. We focus on free cash flows rather than accounting profits because these are the flows that the firm receives and can reinvest. Only by examining cash flows are we able to correctly analyze the timing of the benefit or cost. Also, we are only interested in these cash flows on an after tax basis as only those flows are available to the shareholder. In addition, it is only the incremental cash flows that interest us, because, looking at the project from the point of the company as a whole, the incremental cash flows are the marginal benefits from the project and, as such, are the increased value to the firm from accepting the project. 2. Although depreciation is not a cash flow item, it does affect the level of the differential cash flows over the project’s life because of its effect on taxes. Depreciation is an expense item and, the more depreciation incurred, the larger are expenses. Thus, accounting profits become lower and in turn, so do taxes which are a cash flow item. 3. When evaluating a capital budgeting proposal...
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...| 2015 WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT AND PROFITABILITY IN SUGAR INDUSTRY OF PAKISTAN Muhammad Ehsan Javaid Leghari PhD Management Sciences COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad, Pakistan Email:muhammadehsanjavaid@yahoo.com ABSTRACT Working capital management is necessary for profitability. In this study working capital management of sugar industry and its impact on profitability is checked from 2002 to 2012. Total observations are 308 while 28 companies listed at Karachi Stock Exchange are in sample. Correlation and pooled panel data regression analysis is performed. Results show that day’s inventory, cash conversion cycle, cash ratio, account receivable to sale ratio, short term investment ratio, secured short term obligation and fixed asset ratio are negatively affecting profitability of firm. Whereas quick ratio, days account receivable and working capital are positively affecting profitability. Key words: Return on Asset, Cash Conversion Cycle, Secured Short Term Obligations, Cash Ratio, Account Receivable to Sale INTRODUCTION In finance field two extensively examined areas are capital structure and working capital management. It is matter of great importance both for researchers and corporate individuals to figure out firm’s value and profitability. Working capital management has a direct impact on the firm profitability along with reducing the liquidity risk. Liquidity is one face of coin and profitability is other. It clarify that working capital management...
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...FIN 515 Managerial Finance Entire Course https://homeworklance.com/downloads/fin-515-managerial-finance-entire-course/ FIN 515 Week First Course Project FIN 515 Week Second Course Project FIN 515 Week 1 Problem Set Answer the following questions and solve the following problems in the space provided. When you are done, save the file in the format flastname_Week_1_Problem_Set.docx, where flastname is your first initial and you last name, and submit it to the appropriate dropbox. Chapter 1 (page 19) 1. What is the most important difference between a corporation and all other organizational forms? 2. What does the phrase limited liability mean in a corporate context? 3. Which organizational forms give their owners limited liability? 4. What are the main advantages and disadvantages of organizing a firm as a corporation? 5. Explain the difference between an S corporation and a C corporation. Chapter 2 The following is provided for use in answering the next set of questions. You may also find table 2.5 on page 53 of your text and all questions on pages 56–57. 29. In fiscal year 2011, Starbucks Corporation (SBUX) had revenue of $11.70 billion, gross profit of $6.75 billion, and net income of $1.25 billion. Peet’s Coffee and Tea (PEET) had revenue of $372 million, gross profit of $72.7 million, and net income of $17.8 million. a. Compare the gross margins for Starbucks and Peet’s. b. Compare the net profit margins for Starbucks and Peet’s. c. Which firm was more...
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...Chapter: Working Capital Management 1.Definition of Working Capital: 1.The capital which is required to finance current assets is called working capital. 2. That is in operating daily business of the firm effectively, some resources are needed and the capital which are needed to finance, these resources is called working capital 3. “Working capital may be defined as all the shot term assets used in daily operation”—John. J Harpton. 4. Short term assets of a firm means cash money, short-term securities, inventory, Bill receivable, note receivable, Debtors etc. 5.In operating daily business, fixed assets are also needed in addition to current assets. Though some fixed assets help on the daily operation of a firm, these can’t be told as working capital, because these can’t be converted into cash in this current accounting period. So, the assets which can be converted into Raw Material from cash---R/M—Finished Goods—B/R—Cash and helps in operating daily business of the firm, is called working Capital. Working capital is also called ‘Trading Capital”, Circulating capital/Short term capital /Short /Current Assets management. 2.Concepts of Working Capital: There are 2 concepts of working capital. 1. Gross working capital. 2. Net Working capital. 1. Gross Working Capital: In fact, working capital means Gross Working Capital. It means the firm’s investment in current assets. Current assets are the assets which be converted into cash within an accounting period or one year (normally)...
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...FIN 515 Entire Course Managerial Finance https://hwguiders.com/downloads/fin-515-entire-course-managerial-finance FIN 515 Entire Course Managerial Finance FIN 515 Week 1 Problem Set Answer the following questions and solve the following problems in the space provided. When you are done, save the file in the format flastname_Week_1_Problem_Set.docx, where flastname is your first initial and you last name, and submit it to the appropriate dropbox. Chapter 1 (page 19) 1. What is the most important difference between a corporation and all other organizational forms? 2. What does the phrase limited liability mean in a corporate context? 3. Which organizational forms give their owners limited liability? 4. What are the main advantages and disadvantages of organizing a firm as a corporation? 5. Explain the difference between an S corporation and a C corporation. Chapter 2 The following is provided for use in answering the next set of questions. You may also find table 2.5 on page 53 of your text and all questions on pages 56–57. 29. In fiscal year 2011, Starbucks Corporation (SBUX) had revenue of $11.70 billion, gross profit of $6.75 billion, and net income of $1.25 billion. Peet’s Coffee and Tea (PEET) had revenue of $372 million, gross profit of $72.7 million, and net income of $17.8 million. a. Compare the gross margins for Starbucks and Peet’s. b. Compare the net profit margins for Starbucks and Peet’s. c. Which firm was more profitable in 2011? ...
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...indispensable part of BBA program, I was placed in M.M. ISPAHANI Ltd. for completing my term paper. I was rotated in almost every desk of the organization and all over the factory. Statement of the Problem: The efficient management of working capital is very vital for a business survival. This is premised on the fact having too much working capital signifies inefficiency, whereas too little cash at hand signifies that the survival of business is shaky. Here I focus on working capital management practices in M. M. ISPAHANI Ltd. to evaluate the real condition that are existing. Objectives of the study: The main objective of the study is to gather practical knowledge about working capital management of M.M. ISPAHANI Ltd. My study covers the following areas: * To Study the working capital policies of the sample company. * To study the structure of working capital. * To measure the utilization of working capital of the sample company. * To examine the impact of working capital on profitability. * To identity the problems facing the sample company. * To suggest the recommendation of measuring working capital Management efficiency. Scope of the Study: In my term paper the sample size was one and M.M. ISPAHANI Ltd. was selected as a sample and my topic was working capital management. For gathering more about my requirements I have scheduled my time in various departments, such as Department | Days | Executive Officer | 07 | Finance & Accounts | 15 | ...
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...Finance / under West Bengal State University, Barasat) Title of the Project WORKING CAPITAL MANGEMENT IN MARUTI SUZUKI INDIA.LTD Submitted by Name of the Candidate: TANUMOY ROY Registration No. : 13611131114020870 OF 2011-12 Name of the College: RBC EVENING COLLEGE College Roll No: 21 Supervised by Name of the Supervisor MR RANJIT KUMAR DUTTA Name of the College: RBC EVENING COLLEGE Month & Year of Submission FEB 2014 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to thank our head of the department (HOD) Mr. Ranjit Kumar Dutta, for giving necessary support during the course. Chapter No. | Particulars | Page No. | 1. | INTRODUCTION | 4-7 | 2. | AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY SCENARIO IN INDIA | 8 | 3. | PRESENTATION OF DATA, ANALYSIS, FINDING | 9-11 | 4. | CONCLUSION,RECOMMENDATION,LIMITATION | 12 | 5. | BIBLOGRAPHY AND REFERANCES | 13 | 6. | SUPERVISER CERTIFICATE | 14 | 7. | STUDENT DECLARATION | 15 | CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1.1CONCEPT OF WORKING CAPITAL The term working capital is used to mean that proportion of working capital of a business which is employed in short Term or current operations. There are two type of working capital: gross and net. Gross working capital is the sum total of all current asset, while net working capital is the difference between current asset and current liabilities. IMPORTANCE OF WORKING CAPITAL * The business can avail the advantages of cash discount facilities offered...
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...extent, thus minimizing the need for costly working capital. In past years, Dell has mainly financed its operations internally and secondly through the issuance of shareholder equity and small amounts of long term debt. Statement of Problem Being more flexible and responsive to market demands, Dell will bring new, superior products to market quicker than its competitors. This has created an expectation for large, double-digit growth in the upcoming year. Dell needs a plan for financing the large potential growth. Recommendations Dell has working capital advantages over its competitors which it should continue to pursue. Dell funded its FY 1996 growth both from internal and external funds. It was wise to seek external funding to support Dell’s healthy growth. If Dell were to grow by 50% in FY 1997, it is recommended to seek external funding for the amount not funded internally. Dell should issue debt and continue to take advantage of its strong internal cash conversion cycle to fund its continued growth. Dell should not reduce its external funding as it will limit its growth. Methods of analysis & Discussion (Q1) Dell’s advantageous working capital policy enabled the corporation to face its current growth. The Just-In-Time inventory system and Sales built to order allowed, reduced the cash conversion cycle and minimized the amount of capital Dell needed to finance its business. Compared to competitors, Dell working capital policy gave Dell the following advantages: ...
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...on Working Capital Management Prepared for Prof. M Shahjahan Mina Department of finance University of dhaka Prepared by Asif Mohammad Bakar (ID # 15065) Fahad Zaman Chowdhury (ID # 21034) Submitted on: 19-8-2013 Letter of Transmittal 19th August, 2013 Prof. M. Shahjahan Mina Department of Finance, University of Dhaka. Subject: Submission of term paper Dear Sir: We, a group of EMBA Program, Department of Finance, have prepared a term paper on “Working Capital Management” as per your guideline. We have prepared this report using financial statements of Heidelberg Cement Bangladesh Limited using data from year 2008 to year 2012. We, therefore, lay our highest level of gratitude to you to consider our limitations and restrictions and grant this report. Sincerely Yours, Fahad Zaman Chowdhury Asif Mohammad Bakar EMBA Program Department Of Finance. University Of Dhaka. Table of Contents Serial No. | Chapter Name | Page No. | 1 | Introduction | 01 | 2 | Company profile | 02 | 3 | Statement of Problem | 03 | 4 | Methodology of Analysis | 04 | 5 | Theoretical Background | 05 | 6 | Working Capital of HEIDELBERG CEMENT BANGLADEHS LTD. | 07 | 7 | Cash Flow | 09 | 8 | Ratio Analysis | 11 | 9 | Cash Conversion Cycle | 13 | 10 | Recommendations of HCBL for better Working Capital Management | 15 | 11 | Conclusion | 16 | 12 | Bibliography | 17 | Executive Summary Working Capital refers...
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