...Financial recording is a necessary action to ensure that businesses can keep accurate, easy to understand records off all financial transactions that occur during the conduct of business. The major function of these financial reports, other than record keeping, is to ensure the balance of all debits and credits. When we create accounts, T accounts, we always insert debits on the left side and credits on the right side of the account; this provides a uniform system for accountants while enabling users to balance their accounts. The steps taken during the recording process are fairly simple. First, analyze each transaction or business entry to determine the effect on the accounts. This step allows users to determine whether the transaction is a debit or credit. The second step in the financial recording process is to enter the transaction into a journal. The journal is typically displayed in chronological order and a general journal will include information such as date, account titles, and explanations, and the amounts. The last step in the process is transferring the information from the journal to the ledger. The ledger is the entire group of accounts that are maintained by the organization and keeps all of the information in one place. For Jane Kent’s business transactions, the first step in completing the journal is to organize all transactions by determining if they are debits or credits and listing them by date. After determining what category the transaction...
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...Phoenix Week 7-Ratio, Vertical, and Horizontal analysis The three tools of financial statement analysis are the horizontal analysis, vertical analysis, and ratio analysis. These three tools help to evaluate the financial condition of a business. The horizontal analysis, or trend analysis, evaluates a series of financial data over a period of time. It is primarily used in intercompany comparisons, with the purpose of determining increases or decreases in specific items over a time period of 2 or more years. These changes can be expressed either as an amount, or a percentage. The vertical analysis, or common-size analysis, expresses each item in the financial statement, as a percentage of a base amount. Vertical analysis can show percentage changes individual assets, liabilities and stockholders equity. A benefit of the vertical analysis is being able to make comparisons of companies of different sizes. The ratio analysis expresses the relationship among selected items in a financial statement. This relationship is expressed in the form of a percentage, rate, proportion . Ratio analysis can be used to evaluate liquidity, profitability, and solvency in addition to providing red flags that my not be apparent at first glance. PepsiCo, Inc. Appendix A The current ratio for 2005 = 1.11% $10,454 current assets $ 9,406 current liabilities The current ratio for 2004 = 1.28% $8,639 current assets $6,752 current liabilities Two measures of vertical...
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...| | |FINANCIAL ANALYSIS | |Comparison of PepsiCo. And Coca Cola Company | | | |Comparison of both companies and recommendation on possible improvement | | | | |8/21/2011/ | | | This paper contains financial data analysis from documentation provided in Appendix A and B. In this paper, I will try to show PepsiCo, Inc. and The Coca-Cola Company and their financial situation and where that can be improved. They are the two largest beverage companies in the world, so this comparison will be very interesting. I will show how the tow companies are different and how they have some similarities do to same market target. As we know the Coca Cola is older company and leader on the market, however PepsiCo is climbing up there too. From all the different analysis type’s I have chosen the vertical or common-size analysis. The equations that I am using in my financial analysis include: the...
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...Organization’s financial and business policies and procedures are classified as Internal Controls. These controls consist of all measures by providing protection for the organization by ensuring accurate and reliable data, securing policies and evaluating performance. By providing Internal Control this information they can protect the assets of the organization from fraud, theft or any other criminal activities. Internal Control also enhances the financial records by reducing errors and regularities from either unintentional or intentional practices. Every organization big or small should have Internal Controls safeguarding their every move in the business world. In 2002, Senator Paul Sarbanes (D-MD) and Representative Michael Oxley (R-OH) composed an act, Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX), which then was signed by President George W. Bush in July. The SOX is compiled of eleven titles and a set number of non-negotiable deadlines for companies to adhere to. SOX was created to protect investors from the large amount of scandals and bankruptcies in 2000. Companies like Enron, Tyco International, World Com and Adelphia collapsed which cost investors billions of dollars. With SOX the investors would have not lost as much but they still would have lost some. Sox just insure that the financial records are accurate and reliable for investors to see how the companies are doing if they chose to invest in them. SOX is only applicable to publicly traded companies, but some states are pushing...
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...Running Head: Reversing Entries CheckPoint: Reversing Entries XACC280 Week 5 Writer’s Name Course Name, Semester No, Class Level Supervisor Name February 10, 2010 ANSWER KEY BE4-12 At October 31, Nathan Company made an accrued expense adjusting entry of $1,400 for salaries. Prepare the reversing entry on November 1, and indicate the balances in Salaries Payable and Salaries Expense after posting the reversing entry. Nov. 1 Salaries Payable .......................................................... 1,400 Salaries Expense ................................................. 1,400 The balances after posting the reversing entry are Salaries Expense (Cr.) $1,400 and Salaries Payable $0. What do you consider might happen if: 1. Revenue accounts are not closed? Explain why. At the end of the accounting period, closing entries are made to prepare the accounts for the next accounting period. During this step, Temporary Accounts (All Income Statement Accounts as well as the Dividend Account) are closed. Therefore if the Revenue account is not closed, the company’s net income will be overstated for the next accounting period which would give an incorrect picture of the company’s operations in the period under examination. 2. Expense accounts are not closed? Explain why. The same logic applies as in number 1 above; only in this case expenses for the next accounting period would be overstated and net income would be...
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...Internal Controls XACC280 Internal Controls Internal controls are implemented for protection. There are two goals that are important aspects of internal controls to keep the company protected. Assuring that the company’s assets are protected is one goal of internal controls. Some examples would be: stealing, embezzlement, and misrepresentation. The next reason that internal controls are implemented would be to make sure all accounting documentation/records are being kept in the appropriate way. This is to make sure careless mistakes are not being made and to address them if they are. “The Sarbanes-Oxley Act came into force in July 2002 and introduced major changes to the regulation of corporate governance and financial practice. It is named after Senator Paul Sarbanes and Representative Michael Oxley, who were its main architects, and it set a number of non-negotiable deadlines for compliance. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act is arranged into eleven 'titles'. As far as compliance is concerned, the most important sections within these eleven titles are usually considered to be 302, 401, 404, 409, 802 and 906. An over-arching public company accounting board was also established by the act, which was introduced amidst a host of publicity” (2003). When the act was put into motion, its purpose was to address flaws in internal controls as they were. Its main implementation was to assure that the means a company uses to compile develop, and display financial information meets the appropriate...
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