Chapter 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
This chapter presents the introduction, statement of the problem, significance and scope and delimitation of the study.

Introduction Pitt, B. (2006) stated that by employing the intellegence of natural systems we can create industry, buildings, even regional plans that see nature and commerce not as mutually exclusive but mutually coexisting. Most of the time, business and environment were categorized differently. Often, business is for the economy and environment is the welfare of our Mother Earth where in fact it can work interconnectedly. Both can associate and benefit each other. Micro, small and medium enterprises are defined as any business activity engaged in industry, agri-business or services whether single proprietorship, cooperative, partnership or corporation whose total assets inclusive of those arising from loans but exclusive of the land on which the particular business entity’s office, plant and equipment are situated. (Department of Trade and Industry [DTI], 2007) They are mostly affected by the non plastic ordinance. It is very important on how these small and medium enterprises comply with the Provincial Ordinance No.2012-09 because their consumers are major actors and they can minimize or eliminate the use of short-lived applications of plastics. Bulacan PCEDO (2005) revealed that Bulacan is considered the Small Medium Enterprises (SME) Capital of Region 3 because 35% of small and medium enterprises in Central Luzon were from Bulacan. It all started in 2003 when TatakBulakenyo was launched. TatakBulakenyo is an effort to generate market opportunities and livelihood for the province’s micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) by enhancing the quality of local products. Initially, seven priority products had been identified for product development under the TatakBulakenyo seal: pastillas de leche, minasa, inipit, ensaymada, longganisang Calumpit, tinapangbangus and kapeng Tagalog. People in Bulacan were terribly traumatized in the past years because of the typhoons that strucked the vicinity. Malolos, specifically for it haven’t been happened since then. The highways were covered by waters and the roads were not pasable anymore. Some said that the cause of the flooding was the waste clogged in the drainage. Even in Manila, proper disposal of waste was the suspect of rapidly increasing water level during heavy rainfall.
Bulacan governor Wilhelmino Alvarado signed the Provincial Ordinance Number 2012-09. This particular ordinance now explicitly targets the use of non-biodegradable plastic bags, Styrofoam, and any derivatives there of as packaging materials in 21 towns and three cities of the province. Alvarado said the ban will strengthen the clean and green campaign, adding that non-biodegradable packaging materials that causes flashfloods.
According to Mr. Felix Ople, author of the ordinance and the son of late ex-Senator Blas F. Ople, the ordinance shows people - Bulakeños and non-Bulakeños alike - that the province is a fine role model for appreciation and devotion to nature and environment. He added that the ordinance also sought to provide information and stir the awareness of local government officials and ordinary citizen to the personal dangers of continued usage of plastic.
There are micro, small and medium enterprises who are now complying to the said ordinance not just for the sake of abiding law but also for helping our nature to regenerate and maintain it’s healthy position on Earth. Seeing businesses and environment working together was a good sign of building harmonious relationship and a good example to the future leaders, business experts or business professionals, and to the citizen of Bulacan.
The consciousness for sustainability of environment is now emerging in the public and consumer for there are people who prefers establishments or business having corporate social responsibility. In this sense, it will be one of the key factors that will push small and medium enterprises to take some action on it by having environment-friendly products or packaging that will attract customers.
Even though we cannot easily eliminate the use of plastic in our daily lives, we could start in minimizing consumption until it is not necessarily needed. We could contribute a lot in solving the problems for proper waste management and so do as floods that we are currently experiencing here in Bulacan. There is no danger in plastics if we are disposing it properly and recycling it to produce another kind of product that will be beneficial for others but it is proven that we cannot impose and oblige everyone to do so. We can influence them and make them see that the prevention of using plastic is one way of helping in the three important foundations of the state: The government, micro, small and medium enterprises or big companies, and especially our nature. This study will surely be a helping hand to the micro, small and medium enterprises capital in Region 3.

Statement of the Problem
The general problem of the study was to determine the extent of compliance of micro, small and medium enterprises to no plastic policy in Malolos, Bulacan.

Specifically, the study sought answers to the following questions: 1. How may the profile of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises be described in terms of: 2.1 Nature of business 2.2 Category of business 2.3 Number of years in operation 2.4 Types of packaging materials 2.5.1 Primary packaging material 2.5.2 Secondary packaging material 2. What are the operations of Micro, Small and Medium enterprises where packaging materials are needed? 3. What is the extent of compliance of No Plastic Policy in the operations of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises? 4. What are the effects of the implementation of No Plastic Policy to Micro, Small and Medium enterprises? 5. Is there any significant difference on the level of compliance of micro, small and medium enterprises to no plastic policy when they are grouped according to type of business?

Significance of the Study The significance of the study was to provide information about the no plastic policy in Malolos consists of different groups of individuals. This study would help the involved businesses in implementing the said policy as well as the the consumers for them to be aware on it.
Society. Philippines was experiencing different kind of natural calamities. Government was trying to prevent worst case scenarios that may occur in the future. This study can be an eye opener to the Filipino citizens about the current situations of our country. The importance of following rules and regulations were tools used to build an orderly society which cannot be achieved if we’re going to allow people to do whatever they want.
Government. Government protects environment in where in work and live. The project’s goal was formed to help the local officials to be aware on the current level of compliance of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) to the Provincial Ordinance 2012-09 that was implemented last December 2012.
Entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurs are the most affected by this ordinance. Business activities can be considered as a major contributor to environmental degradation as they involve in the acquisition and exploitation of large quantities of the world’s natural resources. It is therefore important to capture their attention for them to cooperate to the said ordinance.
School. Bulacan State University and other universities has a lot of entrepreneurs inside the campus. It is the administration’s responsibility to facilitate their waste management. Currently, the school was having a campaign no plastic policy every Friday. This study can help the administration with the regulation inside the university.
Future Researchers. Researchers who will be conducting the same or connected study regarding Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises and /or knowledge about the policy of implementing no use of plastic in Malolos City, Bulacan.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study
This study primarily deals with the extent of compliance of the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises on the provision “No Plastic Policy”. It was to measure if the micro, small and medium enterprises really comply on the policy in their operations. It also covered the efficiency and effectivity of the said ordinance. The target respondents of this study were the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises located only in the vicinity of Malolos City, Bulacan. We limit our respondents into thirty (30) enterprises. These respondents were given a set of questionnaires related to the topic. The study was conducted throughout the semester, from June to October 2013.

Chapter 2
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK This chapter presents the relevant theories, related literature, related studies, conceptual framework, hypothesis and definition of variables of the study. Relevant Theories Critical Environmental Theory (Richard Kahn)- This theory broadly refers to essential theories of society that attempt to explain the relationship between advanced industrial power and the power of nature related to issues of races, class, gender and species. Because of the rise of modern environmentalism as a powerful social movement, this theory also start to plan the form and meanings of confrontation posed by environmental groups in an attempt to better understand the environmental movement’s evolution, its successes, and failures. Since the early 1990s, ecocriticism and environmental studies have increasingly acquired exchange within the humanities, producing a large body of work by transdisciplinary scholars who seek to examine the politics of representation as regards the relationship between culture and nature and human and nonhuman beings.
There is a real intimate relationship between the different industry and the nature itself and this relationship relates with the profiles of different person. Our study aims to connect the business and the environment and how each other exchanged benefits. This theory implicates that there must be a clear explanation that businesses should be responsible and aware of their environmental obligations. Stern’s Value Belief Norm (VBN) Theory-This theory is for those behaviours not strongly constrained by contextual forces, the individual choice about pro-environmental actions that can be driven by personal norms-it is a sense of obligation to act in a certain way. The norms are stimulated when an individual believes that violating them would have effects on the importance things and by taking actions, they could bear important responsibility for those consequences. Personal values like altruistic values and egoistic values are forerunner of environmental beliefs. All individuals are aware of different personal norms that drive environmental actions. All are responsible for their mistake and what will be the possible effects. This theory is applicable to all businesses that really contribute to this environmental change. By adopting the “No Plastic Policy”, the norms and personal values of SME’s will be exposed. Economic Theory argues that the optimum duty should be set at the price where the marginal social benefit is equal to the marginal social cost. Because of the limited knowledge about waste and other environmental and social issues that are not included in the retailer’s pay for plastic bags, it is not possible to set the duty in a theoretical method. Given this fact, it is more useful to take the main goals of a charge on plastic carrier bags in consideration and set the rates at a level where these goals are attainable in a more efficient manner. It is possible if we understand that the demand for plastic bags varies. The Ethical and Environmental Limits of Stakeholder Theory by Eric W. Orts and Allan Strudler- The theory is limited by its focus on the interests of human participants in business enterprise. It runs into inflexible philosophical difficulty in providing credible with some topics, such as natural environment, that do not directly engage in transactions with a firm. Stakeholder’s theory is a theory that implicates that there are individuals who has claims or interest in an enterprise and if the enterprise will not be accountable to their actions many people will be affected. These actions can be related to the actions taken by different enterprises regarding their compliance with the different regulations being implemented. Three Sigma’s Theory of the business model- This model is an application of a model described by Peter Drucker as “the theory of the business”. The central principle of this theory is not many businesses decline because of invalid or outdated assumptions. Every business or enterprise should always examine their fundamental assumptions to see if they continue to reflect the current realities they face and if not, how should be changed. Most businesses nowadays made different assumptions that are not possible and that are not fitted on the current situations. Many business people say that “No Plastic Policy” is not really a help instead it is a burden to all businesses, it only implicates that many businesses cannot see what is really happening in the present and they don’t think that neglecting the present standards in the society might be their mistake. If it would happen in the future, businesses who are not giving importance in the environment are the businesses that will not succeed because it will not give a good impact to the consumers.

Related Literature
It was said that the only way to overcome the harmful and unwavering danger of plastic pollution is to cut down the usage of plastics, if possible avoid it. Say NO to plastic whenever and wherever you can. All attempts that could take plastic pollution into an end will be a REAL BENEFIT for your grandchildren.
It was noticeable that the environment was being damaged because of us. Everyone was accountable with these actions. There are so many reasons why the world was being harm and one main reason are the plastics that scattered in our land and water areas. Plastics are made of polyethylene which took so long or about 10,000 years to decompose in landfills that produce harmful greenhouse gases. Therefore, it really is dangerous to humans, animals and the environment. According to the trade association Plastics Europe, the use of plastic has increased from about 1.5 million tons in 1950 to about 260 million tons in 2007. Every year, almost 500 billion plastic bags are made, and only 3% of those bags are being recycled. If the use of plastics continues, animals can end up in eating plastic which can cause their death. The wind also carries plastics from one place to another and it could get trapped in the fence, trees and water bodies. Any animals could be in that area and get tangled and can be suffocated to death. Animals and humans are dying and acquiring different diseases because of plastic. An example situation of this is that, the land bird, California condor has been found with plastic in their stomachs. De Rothschild (May 2012) said he has two main goals. ‘The first is to raise public awareness of the huge amounts of plastic that are polluting the planet. The second is to get people to “reduce, reuse, recycle, and rethink” those everyday items that people now throw away as garbage.” Plastic pollution is caused by all the plastics we used, such as plastic bags and plastic bottles. These would not be a big issue if all knows how to recycle and properly disposed it anytime, anywhere. The plastic had caused enough damage to the nature. It has killed many animals and made humans unhealthy.
According to this article, there are so many things that we can do to save the world. First, bring your own bags to grocery shops so you don’t have to use plastic bags. Second, bring water bottles to school or work so you don’t have to buy plastic cups or bottles. Third, recycle all the plastics you use in school or house. Just imagine this, the end of plastic pollution will be real benefit to your grandchildren. Let’s save our environment from plastic pollution and make it a better environment for future. The time you start to realize your fault, it’s going to be too late to do anything. The widely used of plastic bags not only here in the Philippines but also in other countries are now being felt, because of its harmful effects in our environment and it becomes an eye opener to us. That’s the reason why there are many countries nowadays that are very much concerned with the use of plastic bags. (Department of the Environment and Local Government, March 2002) It was also noted by Antonovich (2011) that at a time of economic uncertainty, with a large number of businesses leaving our state and community this would be appropriate time ... to impose this additional regulation.
Some people say this world cannot live a modern life without plastic but as the time goes by, more products are introduced in the market made by different non-plastic and biodegradable materials.
Mark Gold, president of Santa Monica environmental group heal the Bay, has said that many countries in the past advocate the recycling of plastic bags at grocery stores does not succeed. Gold (2011) mentioned that you cannot recycle your way out of the plastic bag problem. The cost of convenience can no longer be at the expense of the environment. There is a reflection in UK about the “Structuring policy problems for plastics, the environment and human health”. In a complex policy area with multiple stakeholders, it is important to clarify the nature of the particular plastics-related issue before trying to understand how to reconcile the supply and demand for evidence in policy. This article proposes a simple problem typology to assess the fundamental characteristics of a policy issue and thus identify appropriate processes for science–policy interactions. This is illustrated with two case studies from one UK Government Department, showing how policy and science meet over the environmental problems of plastics waste in the marine environment and on land. A problem-structuring methodology helps us understand why some policy issues can be addressed through relatively linear flows of science from experts to policymakers but why others demand a more reflexive approach to brokering the knowledge between science and policy.

Related Studies The Plastic Bag Ban Research that was conducted by Dr. Anne Sharp of Ehrenberg-Bass Institute at the University of South Australia. The study was conducted prior to the implementation of the plastic bag ban in October 2008 to determine the effects of it to the South Australian householder’s behaviour. According to the research, most of the citizens adapted to the situation well. 8 out of 10 respondents claimed that they take their own bags when shopping. They said they kept bags in their car and they took their own bags on their grocery shopping and did not require any store bags. General goods like groceries, electrical and apparel were the most common retail items that respondents say that they take their own bags for. However, the majority of respondents believed that the ban had an impact to the householder’s and only 6% believed that the ban had no impact. Because some originally bringing their own bag when shopping. On the other hand, 6 out of 10 respondents believed that the ban was to reduce littering while 15% of the respondents believed that the ban is saving resources by reducing the impact on waterways or marine life. Small and Medium Enterprises; A study on their Effects on the Environment. Micro, small and medium enterprises are currently recognized as one of the leading groups of economic activities globally and had great impact on social issues. It is said that small and medium enterprises’ performance in the Asia Pacific region, either positive or negative, may be more influential than any other regions in the world because of their rapid economic growth. However, with their strong influence in economic and social matters, environmental impacts attributed to small and medium enterprises’ activities are very significant. But the measures undertaken have not yielded impressive results especially when compared to the large companies. This study is about evaluating the performance of small and medium enterprises. The environmental performance of small and medium enterprises remains weak in many parts of the Asia Pacific region and if no innovative strategies are devised, the environmental problems caused by small and medium enterprises will grow. Research data says that small and medium enterprises are responsible for more than 50% of the industrial pollution in the region, and the food and beverage industries are the major pollutants in water and air in the countries dominated by small and medium enterprises. That is why government from different industries take different actions like relocating them to industrial parks where small and medium enterprises have access to shared pollution control and waste treatment facilities. Moreover local governments provide small and medium enterprises with trainings and guidelines and consultation fees. But small and medium enterprises in the region face a number of problems and difficulties in order to improve their environmental performance. It can be divided into two stages: awareness raising and implementation. Stage 2, is all about implementation that includes lack of internal capacity and weak supporting framework.

The next research is about the analysis of plastic bag instruments that can be used in order to assist policy. All the instruments were assessed against social, environmental and economic criteria and scored by the impacts and the expected outcomes. Plastic bag bans are costly to stakeholders and are less likely to be expected. A levy or fine on plastic bags is also costly but it facilitates consumer choice and generates revenue. Lastly, voluntary actions by retailers are inexpensive, they are weakly sanctioned and nominally reduce impacts. So the research suggested that a levy on plastic shopping bags is the most objective policy instrument.

On November 1, 2011, the Plastic Shopping Bags Ban Act 2010 came into effect in Australia. The objective of the act is to restrict the supply of single use plastic shopping bags in the country and encourage the people to uptake the reusable shopping bags. The act bans the supply single use bags made of polyethylene with a thickness of less than 35 microns that were primarily used by supermarkets, grocery stores and different food outlets. The research provides an interim review of the ban’s effectiveness in charging consumer behaviour and attitudes, reducing plastic generation from plastic bags and achieving a net reduction and plastic generation once substitution for heavier reusable bags and bin liners is considered and reducing the presence of plastic bags. It also assesses the retailer compliance with the act and unintended consequences occurring as a result of the ban.

The survey shows that the plastic ban changed the customer behaviour with 84% of the shoppers are now taking reusable bags always or most of the time when they go for shopping. The majority of the shoppers are supporting the ban, while others who didn’t believe that plastic ban is not enough to reduce the waste.

Under section 7 of the act, if the retailer supplies a plastic bag to a customer to carry goods bought from the retailer, a penalty unit against this law $110 for an individual and $385 for a corporation. The government established Plastic Bag Advisory Group (PBAG) that supermarkets takeouts and pamphlets or brochure for distribution to customers and help the government spreads messages to their organizations or members. Since the implementation of the ban, it can be concluded that there has been a very high level of retailer compliance with the Act. There were 5/6 inspections. Out of all the retailers infected there have been four breaches in contravention of Section 7, two businesses were given verbal warning and two were given formal written warning.

However, the ban results to a number of unintended consequences like higher levels of theft of shopping baskets and shopping trolleys were reported. Retailers also need to train their staff in the use of the new bags and to deal with the aggravated customers. The elderly and low income households were the most affected by this ban because they were less capable of buying plastic bag alternatives. In the concept of green marketing, stakeholders especially consumers play an important role in the environmental and health consciousness. Entrepreneurs will have to align with the customer’s opinion on green issue so that it will not affect their business. The research conducted to understand the consumer perception and practice based on the issue entitled Ban on Plastic Bags Usage: Is it a right move? An empirical study on consumer perception and practice. In Penang, Malaysia every Monday is a “No Plastic Bag Day Since 2009, but have been extended to Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday in 2010 to further reduce the usage of plastic bags. However not all business owners participate in this campaign. Plastic bags are still being used in retail shop and other small businesses. According to the research interview, 50% of the respondents are unaware or do not understand the environmental consequences. Majority of them also perceives that education and awareness campaign is very important to overcome this problem. But they are frustrated because they think that the government is not taking proper actions for the issue.

Conceptual Framework
Figure 1. Conceptual Framework INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT
Orientation Programs
Level of Compliance

Provincial Ordinance 2012-09

Hypothesis
Null Hypothesis
There is no significant difference on the extent of compliance of micro, small and medium enterprises to no plastic policy when they are grouped according to type of business.

Definitions of Variable
Compliance - To take and follow (a course of action, for example) by choice or assent
Delivery of Goods - Delivery is the process of transporting goods from a source location to a predefined destination. There are different delivery types. Cargo (physical goods) are primarily delivered via roads and railroads on land, shipping lanes on the sea and airline networks in the air.
Micro Small Medium Enterprises (MSME) - any business activity/enterprise engaged in industry, agri-business/services, whether single proprietorship, cooperative, partnership, or corporation whose total assets, inclusive of those arising from loans but exclusive of the land on which the particular business entity's office, plant and equipment are situated, must have value falling under the following categories:
*By Asset
Micro - Up to P3,000,000
Small - P3,000,001 - P15,000,000
Medium - P15,000,001 - P100,000,000 Large - above P100,000,000t Size

*Alternatively, MSMEs may also be categorized based on the number of employees:
Micro - 1 - 9 employees
Small - 10 - 99 employees
Medium - 100 - 199 employees
Large- More than 200 employees
Manufacturing - is the production of goods for use or sale using labor and machines, tools, chemical and biological processing, or formulation. The term may refer to a range of human activity, from handicraft to high tech, but is most commonly applied to industrial production, in which raw materials are transformed into finished goods on a large scale
Provincial Ordinance 2012-09 (No Plastic Policy) - it prohibits the Bulakenyos to buy, sell, and use non-biodegradable plastic bags, styrofoam and other kinds as packaging materials in the 21 towns and 3 cities in the province. Burning and disposal of the said materials is also prohibited. Even though, oxo biodegradable plastic made from polyethylene, polypropylene and polystyrene as wrapper of wet goods is an exemption to the law. As stated in the ordinance, violators will face a fine of P3, 000 to P5, 000 or imprisonment of not less than six months to one year while for those who doesn’t have the capacity to pay the fine must serve the community through environment-related services for three months or longer upon the discretion of the court. Further, all commercial establishments, stores and markets alike will be given 15 days after the posting of the said ordinance to comply to avoid retraction of their business permits. The ordinance should be posted near the cashier, check-out counter or in stalls of public markets, malls, talipapa, supermarket, restaurants, fastfoods, retail outlets, schools and other commercial establishments.
Production - The processes and methods used to transform tangible inputs (raw materials, semi-finished goods, subassemblies) and intangible inputs (ideas, information, knowledge) into goods or services. Resources are used in this process to create an output that is suitable for use or has exchange value.
Purchasing - The activity of acquiring goods or services to accomplish the goals of an organization. It is what a customer does to satisfy their needs by buying certain product from a store
Service - describes work that supports a business but does not produce a tangible commodity. Valuable action, deed, or effort performed to satisfy a need or to fulfil a demand.
Storage - used by manufacturers, importers, exporters, wholesalers, transport businesses, customs, etc. They are usually large plain buildings in industrial areas of cities and towns and villages. They usually have loading docks to load and unload goods from trucks. Stored goods can include any raw materials, packing materials, spare parts, components, or finished goods associated with agriculture, manufacturing and production.
Trading - Trading companies are businesses working with different kinds of products which are sold for consumer, business or government purposes. Trading companies buy a specialized range of products, maintain a stock or a shop, and deliver products to customers.

Chapter III
METHODS OF RESEARCH This chapter presents the methods and techniques, population and sample size, research instruments, data gathering procedures, data analysis and statistical treatment of the study.

Methods and Techniques of the Study The methods and techniques used in the study was a descriptive quantitative method to provide a systematic description that was factual and accurate as possible. This study collected data without manipulating or changing the environment. The study was statistical because the conclusion was based on quantitative data. It was also ex post facto because the researchers did not have direct control over the various factors that took effect on the research such as government policies and consumer preferences.

Population and Sample Size of the Study
To assess the extent of compliance of micro, small and medium enterprises to the no plastic policy we went to different micro, small and medium enterprises and conducted the survey. Using stratified sampling, we came up with 30 respondents from the area of Malolos, Bulacan.
There was a total of 30 respondents from different micro, small and medium enterprises’ owners within the area of Malolos City, Bulacan through stratified sampling. The participants were chosen according to the scope and delimitation of the study. They were questioned regardless of their age, gender, civil status or any other demographic groupings.

Research Instruments Questionnaires were our primary source of information that was distributed to different micro, small and medium enterprises. It was a research instrument consisting different questions and other prompts that will help with acquiring the information needed for the research. The researchers made the questions with limited possible answers to acquire definite responses. At the same time, we also conducted some interviews aside from the survey questionnaires because it was to acquire helpful information from the topics discussed on the survey form. Various instruments were used for the completion of this study. Business books, journals, library materials, dictionaries, thesaurus, online information and questionnaires were some of the references that were used by the researchers. The resources are mostly found in books at the library and through information in the World Wide Web.
Data Gathering Procedures In gathering data for this study, the administration of questionnaire, retrieval, and testing of questionnaire was distributed equally among the researchers. Administration of questionnaire was done by the researches. Most of the questionnaires were throughout Malolos where micro, small and medium enterprises are located. Mostly to barangays who have many businesses in the place such as barangay Guinhawa, San Vicente, Tikay and Mojon. We left the questionnaires with them, after a week, we went back and collate all the questionnaires, and we conducted some interview.

Data Analysis/Processing and Statistical Treatment The following statistics were used to classify, analyzed and interpret data gathered in the research work.
Frequency
It is the number of times the event occurred in an experiment or study. We used frequency in tabulating the data of the survey questionnaires. It is an important step of analyzing the data for statistical treatment.
Mean
The most common expression for the mean of a statistical distribution with a discrete random variable is the mathematical average of all terms. To calculate it, add up the values of all the terms and then divide by the number of terms. It is called the average. We use the following formula:

Where:
- (sometimes call the X-bar) is the symbol for the mean.
- (the Greek letter sigma) is the symbol for summation.
X- is the symbol for the scores
N- total number of scores

Weighted Mean
It can be defined as an average calculated by taking into account not only the frequencies of the values of a variable but also some other factor such as their variance. The weighted average of observed data is the result of dividing the sum of the products of each observed value, the number of times it occurs and this other factor by the total number of observation. To get the weighted mean, we use the following formula:

Where: xi = x1,x2,x3...... = Items given. fi = f1,f2,f3,...... = Frequencies corresponding to the given items. * = weighted mean

In the survey, the following data as the basis for the weighted mean

5- Full Compliance 2- Little Adoption
4- Partial Adoption 1-No Compliance
3- Moderate Compliance

F-test
An F-test is any statistical test in which the test statistic has an F-distribution under the null hypothesis. It is most often used when comparing statistical models that have been fitted to a dataset, in order to identify the model that best fits the population from which the data were sampled. To determine if the null hypothesis is rejected or not, we used the data analysis in excel in which ANOVA with single factor is given.

Chapter IV
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA This chapter shows the presentation, analysis and interpretation of the data including the profile of the enterprises, operations and extent of compliance of the micro, small and medium enterprises and the effect of the no plastic policy.

1. Profile of the Enterprises

Table 1 Nature of business of the respondents Nature of Business | Frequency | Percentage | TradingServiceManufacturingTotal | 189 330 | 60%30%10% |

This table shows the tally of the micro, small and medium enterprises according to their nature of business.
As seen in the table above, 18 out of the 30 respondents is a trading type of business, followed by the service with 9 and manufacturing with 3. Most of the respondents are trading in terms of their nature of business.

Table 2
. Category of business of the respondents Category of Business | Frequency | Percentage | Food/ Food Processing Restaurant/Fast-foodHair and BeautyGrocery StoreDrugstoreBoutiqueFashion AccessoriesHardwareSchool SuppliesElectronics/AppliancesTotal | 333333333330 | 10%10%10%10%10%10%10%10%10%10% | This table shows the tally of the micro, small and medium enterprises according to their category of business.
Since stratified sampling was used in this study, all the categories have three enterprises which include the micro, small and medium enterprises.

Table 3 Number of years in operation of the respondents Number of Years in Operation | Frequency | Percentage | 10 years or more5-10 years3-5 years1-3 years0-12 monthsTotal | 8767230 | 26%24%20%24%6% |

This table shows the tally of the micro, small and medium enterprises according to their number of years in operation.
In the data given above, it states that most of the respondents are operating its business for 10 years or more. 8 out of 30 respondents answered 10 years or more, followed by 5-10 years and 1-3 years with 7 and 0-12 months with 2. All of the respondents were already operating before the implementation of the no plastic policy.

Types of Packaging Materials

Table 4
Types of primary packaging materials used by the respondents Primary | Frequency | Ranking | Blister PackagingClamshell PackagingShrink WrappingContainerPaperboard PackagingUnit Dose PackagingPlastic | 46897218 | 6th5th3rd2nd4th7th1st |

The table below shows the tally of the primary packaging materials used by the micro, small and medium enterprises.
As seen in the data above, most of the respondents used plastic as their primary packaging material with 18 responses. Next was the container with 9 responses, followed by the shrink wrapping with 8 responses, paperboard packaging ranked 4th with 7 responses, clamshell packaging with 6 responses, blister packaging with 4 responses and unit dose packaging with 2 responses

Table 5 Types of secondary packaging materials used by the respondents Secondary | Frequency | Ranking | Cardboard Cartons/ BoxesPlastic bagsPlastic cratesPaper Bag | 132524 | 2nd1st4th3rd | The table below shows the tally of the secondary packaging materials used by the micro, small and medium enterprises. In this part, 25 out of 30 respondents said that they are using plastic bags as their secondary packaging material. Cardboard cartons/ boxes came second with 13 responses, paper bag with 4 responses and plastic crates with 2 responses.

2. Operations of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Table 6 Operations of the respondents where packaging materials are needed Operations | Micro | Small | | Medium | Delivery of Goods- movement of the products from one place to anotherDisposal-use of plastic when disposing waste in productionPrimary packaging materials- input of packaging material to the product for the enclosing or protectionSecondary packaging material- use when handling the product directly to the consumer | 310810 | 8889 | | 910910 |

This table shows the tally of the operations of micro, small and medium enterprises where they use packaging materials. The data above shows the frequency of the operations of the micro, small and medium enterprises where packaging materials are needed. In delivery of goods, micro enterprises had 3 responses, small enterprises had 8 responses while medium enterprises had 9 responses. In disposal, micro enterprises had 10 responses, small had 8 responses and medium had 10 responses. In primary packaging materials, micro enterprises had 8 responses, small enterprises had 8 responses and medium enterprises had 9 responses. In secondary packaging materials, micro enterprises had 10 responses, small enterprises had 9 responses and medium enterprises had 10 responses.
The table below shows the operations of the business where packaging materials were used by the enterprise. First, the delivery of goods had 3 responses with an average of 30% which means that 30% of the enterprises use packaging materials in their delivery of goods. Next was the disposal with 10 responses and an average of 100% that states that all of the micro enterprises said that they use packaging materials in their waste disposal as well. Next is the primary packaging material that has 8 responses with an average of 80%. It means that 80% of the respondents said that they used primary packaging materials in their product. Last is the secondary packaging material with an average of 100%, which means that all of the micro enterprises used packaging materials in the sale of goods. Most of the respondents said that they used packaging materials in the retail of their products.

Table 7
Mean of the operations of the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Operations | Micro | Small | | Medium | Delivery of Goods- movement of the products from one place to anotherDisposal-use of plastic when disposing waste in productionPrimary packaging materials- input of packaging material to the product for the enclosing or protectionSecondary packaging material- use when handling the product directly to the consumer | 30%100%80%100% | 80%80%80%90% | | 90%100%90%100% |

This table shows the mean of the operations of micro, small and medium enterprises where packaging materials are used.
In small enterprises, 80% of the enterprises said that they uses packaging materials in their delivery of goods, disposal of waste products and in primary packaging material in their products, while 90% of the small enterprises uses packaging materials in their sale of goods.
In medium enterprises, delivery of goods and primary packaging materials both acquired 90% of the respondents. It states that most of the respondents use packaging materials in the delivery of goods and protection of their products. Disposal and secondary packaging materials had 100% of the respondents which means all of them uses packaging materials in the in the disposal of their waste materials and the sale of their goods. The data indicates that most of the enterprises used packaging materials in different operations of business. It means that many plastic materials were used. According to the research entitled Small and Medium Enterprises; A study on their Effects on the Environment, 50% of the industrial pollution was from micro, small and medium enterprises, so the government take different actions like relocating them to industrial parks where micro, small and medium enterprises have access to shared pollution control and waste treatment facilities. In this situation, they can minimize the pollution before it scatters.

3. Extent of compliance of No Plastic Policy in the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises. In the data below, the levels of compliance of micro enterprises were shown in the table. In the delivery of goods, a weighted mean of 2.3 is computed which means that there was only little compliance in that operation of business. Disposal had a weighted mean of 2.5 with a verbal interpretation of little compliance, usage of primary packaging materials had a weighted mean of 2.4 with a verbal interpretation of little compliance and use of secondary packaging materials had a weighted mean of 3.0 with a verbal interpretation of moderate compliance.

Table 8 Weighted Mean of the level of compliance of the micro enterprises to no plastic policy Operations | Micro | Level of Compliance | | Delivery of Goods- movement of the products from one place to anotherDisposal-use of plastic when disposing waste in productionPrimary packaging materials- input of packaging material to the product for the enclosing or protectionSecondary packaging material- use when handling the product directly to the consumer | 2.32.52.43.0 | Little ComplianceLittle ComplianceLittle ComplianceModerate Compliance | |

This table shows the level of compliance of micro enterprises to no plastic policy in their different operations of business.

Table 9 Weighted Mean of the level of compliance of the small enterprises to no plastic policy Operations | Small | Level of Compliance | | Delivery of Goods- movement of the products from one place to anotherDisposal-use of plastic when disposing waste in productionPrimary packaging materials- input of packaging material to the product for the enclosing or protectionSecondary packaging material- use when handling the product directly to the consumer | 3.13.12.82.9 | Moderate ComplianceModerate ComplianceLittle ComplianceLittle Compliance | |

This table shows the level of compliance of small and enterprises to no plastic policy in their different operations of business.
In the data above, the levels of compliance of small enterprises were shown in the table. In the delivery of goods, a weighted mean of 3.1 is computed which means that there is moderate compliance in that operation of business. Disposal also had a weighted mean of 3.1 with a verbal interpretation of moderate compliance, use of primary packaging materials had a weighted mean of 2.8 with a verbal interpretation of little compliance and use of secondary packaging materials had a weighted mean of 2.9 with a verbal interpretation of little compliance.

Table 10
Weighted Mean of the level of compliance of the medium enterprises to no plastic policy Operations | Medium | Level of Compliance | | Delivery of Goods- movement of the products from one place to anotherDisposal-use of plastic when disposing waste in productionPrimary packaging materials- input of packaging material to the product for the enclosing or protectionSecondary packaging material- use when handling the product directly to the consumer | 3.33.73.33.4 | Moderate ComplianceModerate ComplianceModerate ComplianceModerate Compliance | |
This table shows the level of compliance of medium enterprises to no plastic policy in their different operations of business.
The table shows that, the levels of compliance of medium enterprises are shown in the table. In the delivery of goods, a weighted mean of 3.3 is computed which means that there is moderate compliance in that operation of business. Disposal had a weighted mean of 3.7 with a verbal interpretation of moderate compliance, use of primary packaging materials had a weighted mean of 3.3 with a verbal interpretation of moderate compliance and use of secondary packaging materials had a weighted mean of 3.4 with a verbal interpretation of moderate compliance.
The data indicates that different enterprises had moderate and little compliance in their different operation of business. It was safe to say that not all of the enterprises can fully comply to the no plastic policy. On the plastic bag ban research that was conducted by Dr. Anne Sharp of Ehrenberg-Bass, most of citizens adopted to the situation well. Eight out of ten respondents claimed that they take their own bags on their grocery shopping and did not require any store bags. Although their level of compliance was higher than us, if more time is given to the enterprises and consumers, eventually we can also fully comply to the no plastic policy.

4. Effects of the No Plastic Policy to Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises

Table 11 Effects of the no plastic policy to the enterprises Effects | Frequency | Rank | Production Cost- there is an increase in the production cost of the businessCustomer Preference- The customer finds the alternative packaging inconvenient to useMarketing- the alternative packaging materials used did not appeal to the consumers. Social and Environmental Responsibility- the business became fully aware of the government’s advocacy to protect the environmentProduct Selling Price- There is an increase in the selling price of the product.Employment- there is a layoff in employeesLabor Hours- working hours of the employees increases due to additional labor in using alternative packaging materialWaste Management- proper waste management is applied in the business | 1920141982324 | 3rd2nd4th3rd5th7th6th1st |

The table below shows the tally of the effects of the no plastic policy to micro, small and medium enterprises.
The data above are the frequency of the listed effects of the no plastic policy to micro, small and medium enterprises. Waste management came first with 24 responses and rank 1st in the tally. Customer preference came 2nd with 20 responses. Social and environmental and production cost both came 3rd with 19 responses. Marketing came 4th with 14 responses. Product selling price with 8 responses, labor hours with 3 responses and employment with 2 responses.
Table 12
Mean of the effects of no plastic policy to the respondents Effects | Frequency | Mean | Production Cost- there is an increase in the production cost of the businessCustomer Preference- The customer finds the alternative packaging inconvenient to useMarketing- the alternative packaging materials used did not appeal to the consumers. Social and Environmental Responsibility- the business became fully aware of the government’s advocacy to protect the environmentProduct Selling Price- There is an increase in the selling price of the product.Employment- there is a layoff in employeesLabor Hours- working hours of the employees increases due to additional labor in using alternative packaging materialWaste Management- proper waste management is applied in the business | 1920141982324 | 63%67%47%63%27%7%10%80% |
In part 4 of the survey questionnaire, possible effects of the no plastic policy were listed. As seen in the 12 above with their corresponding frequency it is shown that 80% of the respondents said that proper waste management is applied in their business. Ranking 2nd, 67% of the respondents said that the customers find the alternative packaging material inconvenient to use, 63% of the respondents said that they had an increase in production cost, 63% of the respondents also said that the business became fully aware in the government’s advocacy to protect the environment. In marketing aspect, 47% of the respondents said that the alternative packaging materials did not appeal to the consumers. In terms of their product selling price, 27% said that they had an increase. Increase in labor hours had an average of 10% while layoff in employees had an average of 7%.
The data indicates that many effects occurred on enterprises after the implementation of no plastic policy. It was the same with the country of Australia when Plastic Shopping bag bans Act 2010 came into effect. The survey shows that the plastic ban changed the customer’s behavior with 84% of the shoppers are not taking reusable bags always or most of the time when they go shopping. Since t there was a penalty unit against this law, a very high level of compliance would be expected. However, the plastic ban results to a number of unintended consequences like higher level of theft of shopping baskets and shopping trolleys are reported. Retailers also need to train their staff in the use of the new bags and to deal with the customers. The low income households and elderly were the most affected because they were less capable of buying plastic bag alternatives.
5. Significant Difference
Part 5 of the survey was about the significant difference on the level of adoption of micro, small and medium enterprises when they are grouped according to nature of business.
Null Hypothesis- There is no significant difference on the level of compliance of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises when they are group according to type of business.

Table 13
Computation of variances by type of business using analysis of variance Groups | Count | Sum | Average | Variance | Column 1 | 4 | 10.2 | 2.55 | 0.096667 | Column 2 | 4 | 11.9 | 2.975 | 0.0225 | Column 3 | 4 | 13.7 | 3.425 | 0.035833 |

This table shows the computation of variances by type of business in their compliance to no plastic policy in their operation of the business.
To compute for the ANOVA, we used the data analysis in Microsoft excel and the following data were shown. The sum represents the total level of compliance of each enterprises. The average represents the mean of their level of adoption. Lastly the variance is indicated in the last column.
Table 14 ANOVA Source of Variation | SS | df | MS | F | P-value | F crit | Between Groups | 1.531667 | 2 | 0.765833 | 14.82258 | 0.00142 | 4.256495 | Within Groups | 0.465 | 9 | 0.051667 | | | | | | | | | | | Total | 1.996667 | 11 | | | | |

This table shows the computation to show if the null hypothesis is accepted or rejected.
The table shown above was the computation for the analysis of variance. SS is the sum of squares, df is the degrees of freedom, ms is the mean square. The f value is 14.80, which is much higher than the critical value, which was 4.25. It was clearly shown that the null hypothesis is invalid.
The data indicates that there is a significant difference on the level of adoption of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises when they are grouped according to their type of business. It means that an enterprise’s compliance reflect on their type of business. According to the Three Sigma’s theory of the business model by Peter Drucker, every business or enterprise should always examine their fundamental assumptions to see if they continue to reflect the current realities they face and if not, how should be changed. If we were to relate it in our studies, the enterprises should know by now that no plastic policy was important and decide what the level of adoption they would apply.

Chapter V
Summary of Findings, Conclusions and Recommendations This chapter presents the summary of findings, conclusions and recommendations of the study.

Summary of Findings
In performing different statistical treatment in our data in Chapter IV, we’ve found out different findings based on the answers in the survey questionnaire that we gathered.
In respect to the respondents, most of the respondents were trading type of business with 60% as its average. Most of the respondents were already in operation for more than 10 years with 26% of the respondents. Most of them use plastics as their primary packaging material and plastic bags as their secondary packaging material.
Part two of the survey was about the operations involved in the business that uses or requires packaging materials. In delivery of goods, 30% of the micro, 80% from the small and 90% from the medium enterprises said that they uses packaging materials in movement of the products from one place to another. In disposal, 100% from the micro, 80% from the small and 100% from the medium enterprise said that they use plastic when disposing waste in production. In the usage of primary packaging materials, micro and small enterprises both had an average of 80% and 90% from small enterprises said that they put packaging materials to the product for enclosing or protection. In the use of secondary packaging material, both micro and medium got 100% and 90% from small enterprises said that they use packaging materials when handling the product directly to the consumer.
Part three of the survey wass the computation for the extent of compliance of the micro, small and medium enterprises to the no plastic in City of Malolos, Bulacan. In the operations of micro enterprises, delivery of goods, a weighted mean of 2.3 is computed which means that there is only little compliance in that operation of business. Disposal had a weighted mean of 2.5 with a verbal interpretation of little compliance, usage of primary packaging materials had a weighted mean of 2.4 with a verbal interpretation of little compliance and use of secondary packaging materials had a weighted mean of 3.0 with a verbal interpretation of moderate compliance. The levels of compliance of small enterprises are shown in the table. In the delivery of goods, a weighted mean of 3.1 is computed which means that there is moderate compliance in that operation of business. Disposal also had a weighted mean of 3.1 with a verbal interpretation of moderate compliance, use of primary packaging materials had a weighted mean of 2.8 with a verbal interpretation of little compliance and use of secondary packaging materials had a weighted mean of 2.9 with a verbal interpretation of little compliance. The levels of compliance of medium enterprises are shown in the table. In the delivery of goods, a weighted mean of 3.3 is computed which means that there is moderate compliance in that operation of business. Disposal had a weighted mean of 3.7 with a verbal interpretation of moderate compliance, use of primary packaging materials had a weighted mean of 3.3 with a verbal interpretation of moderate compliance and use of secondary packaging materials had a weighted mean of 3.4 with a verbal interpretation of moderate compliance.
Part four of the survey was about the effects of the no plastic policy to the micro, small and medium enterprises. In possible effects of the no plastic policy were listed, as seen in the table above with their corresponding frequency. It is shown that 80% of the respondents said that proper waste management is applied in their business. Ranking 2nd, 67% of the respondents said that the customers find the alternative packaging material inconvenient to use, 63% of the respondents said that they had an increase in production cost, 63% of the respondents also said that the business became fully aware in the government’s advocacy to protect the environment. In marketing aspect, 47% of the respondents said that the alternative packaging materials did not appeal to the consumers. In terms of their product selling price, 27% said that they had an increase. Increase in labor hours had an average of 10% while layoff in employees had an average of 7%.The data indicates that many effects occurred on enterprises after the implementation of no plastic policy.
Part five is the f-test computation to determine if there is any significant difference in the level of adoption of micro, small and medium enterprises when they are grouped according to nature of business. The result is that the null hypothesis is rejected since the f value is greater than the critical value based on the degree of freedom.

Conclusion: 1. Profile of the Respondent There is a significant difference on the level of adoption of micro, small and medium enterprises when they are grouped according to type of business. The level of compliance vary with the type of business. All the businesses were almost the same in their level of adoption. 2. Operations of the business where packaging materials are needed
Most of the respondents used packaging materials in the retail or sale and delivery of goods from the business to the consumers compared to disposal of waste and use of primary packaging material. 3. Extent of Compliance of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises to No Plastic Policy
Even though none of the enterprises already complied to the no plastic policy, it was good to know that most of them are following the policy little by little. In the operations of the business, moderate and little compliance is applied. We can conclude that a plastic was not easy to eliminate in the operations of the business.

4. Effects of the No Plastic Policy to Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises
Since the no plastic policy was about reducing waste, waste management was one of the effects of the no plastic policy that reflects on most of the enterprises. Customer preference on the alternative packaging materials also affects the businesses. The enterprises also became fully aware of the government’s advocacy on protecting the environment. There was also an increase in the production cost of the business, same with the product-selling price. There was not much of an effect to the enterprise when it comes to employment since few respondents answered that they had employee layoff or an increase on working hours because of the no plastic policy. 5. The Significant Difference on the Level of Adoption of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises when they are grouped according to Type of Business.
The Null hypothesis is rejected based on the f-test that we performed in chapter four. We can conclude that the level of adoption to no plastic policy vary on their type of business.

Recommendation 1. Provide more attention to the policy, whether in the business, the government or the consumers. Cooperation was needed for the success of the policy to save the environment. 2. The enterprise should try eliminating or reducing the use of plastic in packaging materials, and find alternatives. 3. The government should give more time for the enterprise to fully adopt to the no plastic policy until they could say that they are fully complied with the provincial ordinance. 4. The no plastic policy has both advantages and disadvantages to everyone that hinders someone to follow the law. But the advantages are stronger than the disadvantage. Being well educated and informed with the policy’s advantages will make everyone soon find a way to adopt with the policy 5. The level of adoption does not differ by the nature of business of the enterprises so everyone could comply to the no plastic policy. Proper implementation was needed from the government so that everyone could fully understand the importance of the government’s advocacy to protect the environment. 6. The local government of the city of Malolos, Bulacan should assigned persons who will be in-charge of strictly monitoring the implementation of the policy so that all the enterprises will pay attention on this. 7. There must be a higher punishment for those enterprises who will not implement the policy on their business operations so that it may encourage them to comply.

REFERENCES
Antonovich (2011)Ban on plastic grocery bags takes effect July 1 in unincorporated L.A. Country. Retrieved August 3, 2013 from: http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/lanow/2011/06/ban-on-plastic-grocery-bags-becomes-effective-july-1.html
Brad Pitt, (2006). The Economics of Being Environmentally Conscious. Retrieved July 25, 2013 from usliberals.about.com: http://usliberals.about.com/od/celebrityactivists/p/BradPitt.htm
Bulacan PCEDO, 2005. Bulacan: The SME Capital of RP. Retrieved July 25, 2013 from philstar.com: http://www.philstar.com/business-usual/297513/bulacan-sme-capital-rp
Department of the Environment and Local Government (March 2002). Plastic Environmental Levy in Ireland. Retrieved August 3,2013 from http://www.mindfully.org/Plastic/Laws/Plastic-Bag-Levy-Ireland4mar02.htm
De Rothschild (May 2012). Start Now or You’ll Regret Later. Retrieved August 3, 2013 from http://tw.asij-jhb.com/ablijdenstein/archive/human-impact-on-the-environment/start-now-or-youll-regret-yoona/
Gold M. (2011)Ban on plastic grocery bags takes effect July 1 in unincorporated L.A. Country. Retrieved August 3, 2013 from: http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/lanow/2011/06/ban-on-plastic-grocery-bags-becomes-effective-july-1.html
APPENDICES
SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE
Dear Respondent: The undersigned are students of the Bulacan State University and is conducting a study on the Compliance of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in the No Plastic Policy in City of Malolos, Bulacan Please answer the questionnaire as accurately and honestly as possible. Rest assured that your answers would be treated with outmost confidentiality. Thank you.

Ivy Gale M. Bulaong Krishia Marie E. Pañgan
Maria Concepcion Muldong

Jenine F. Hernandez Madelyn M. Franco

Part I. Profile of the Respondents
Instruction: Please read every statement carefully and indicate the option applicable to you by placing the check mark (√) on the space provided for.
Name (optional) _______________________________________________________________________
Type of business: ___________________ 1.1 Nature of Business
__Trading __ Service __Manufacturing 1.2 Category of Business
__ Food/ Food Processing __Boutique
__ Hair and Beauty __Fashion Accessories
__ Restaurants/Fastfood __Hardware
__ Grocery Store __School Supplies
__Drugstore __Electronics/Appliances

1.3 Number of Years in Operation
__0-12 month’s __5-10 years
__1-3 years __10 years or more
__3-5 years

1.4 Types of Packaging Materials
1.4.1 Primary Packaging Materials
__ Blister Packaging __ Container
__ Clamshell Packaging __ Paperboard Packaging
__ Shrink Wrapping __ Unit Dose Packaging
__Plastic
1.4.2 Secondary Packaging Materials __ Cardboard Cartons/Boxes __Plastic Bags __ Plastic Crates __ Paperbag Part 2. Operations of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises where Packaging Materials are Needed
Instruction: Below is a list of operations of micro, small and medium enterprises where packaging materials are needed. Please check the items which you think are practiced or applicable in your company.
Material Handling Delivery of Goods- movement of the products from one place to another | | Disposal- use of plastic when disposing waste in production | |
Packaging
Primary packaging materials- input of packaging material to the product for enclosing or protection | | Secondary packaging material- use when handling the product directly to the consumer | |

Part 3. Extent of Compliance of in the Operations of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises to No Plastic Policy
Instruction: Please read every statement and indicate the level of adoption of no plastic policy in the operations of micro, small and medium enterprises. Mark with (√) the appropriate level using the following code for your options.
5- Full Adoption 3- Moderate Adoption 1- No Adoption
4- Partial Adoption 2- Little Adoption
Material Handling | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | Delivery of Goods- movement of the products from one place to another | | | | | | Disposal- use of plastic when disposing waste in production | | | | | |

Packaging | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | Primary packaging materials- input of packaging material to the product for enclosing or protection | | | | | | Secondary packaging material- use when handling the product directly to the consumer | | | | | |

Part 4. Effect of the No Plastic Policy to Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises
Instruction: Below is a list of possible effect of the no plastic policy to micro, small and medium enterprises. Please check the items which you think are appropriate in your business.

Production Cost- There is an increase in the production cost of the business | | Customer Preference- The customer finds the alternative packaging inconvenient to use | | Marketing- The alternative packaging materials used did not appeal to the consumers | | Social and Environmental Responsibility- The business became fully aware of the government’s advocacy to protect the environment | | Product Selling Price- There is an increase in the selling price of the product | | Employment- There is a layoff in employees | | Labor Hours- working hours of the employees increases due to additional labor in using alternative packaging material | | Waste Management- Proper waste management is applied in the business | |

Bulacan State University
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
City of Malolos, Bulacan
(044) 796-4131

September 27, 2013

Dear Sir/Madam,

Greetings of Peace!

We are currently conducting a study on “Level of Adoption of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises to No Plastic Policy in City of Malolos, Bulacan.”
In view of this, may I request permission from your good office to field survey questionnaire to a manager of your firm.
Rest assured that all data that will be elicited by this survey will be held in strictest confidence.
Thank you very much.

Very truly yours,

IVY GALE M. BULAONG
Researcher

NOTED:

MRS. ELIZABETH CHUA
Faculty In-charge

MRS. HELEN A. BAESA
Dean, College of Business Administration

CURRICULUM VITAE

IVY GALE M. BULAONG
#321 Santor, City of Malolos, Bulacan
09353303437
ayvgel@gmail.com
-------------------------------------------------

Seminar/ Conference Seminar | Date | The Pursuit of the Underlying Secrets in Hiring SuccessIntroduction To Business Research SeminarBook Smart is Not Enough
Entrepreneurial Mindset
Emotional quotient
Team Building (Motivation, Communication, Leadership, Teamwork) Pagpapayaman ng Ilang Piling Paksa sa Sosyolohiya Tungo sa Higit na Kaunawaan ng Lipunang Pilipino | March 5, 2013December 13, 2012September 27, 2012September 27, 2012September 27, 2012April 2011March 11, 2011 |

Organizations/Affiliation
Chambers of Young Business Leaders (CYBL)
Junior People Management Association of the Philippines (JPMAP)

Personal Information
DATE OF BIRTH : December 14, 1994
PLACE OF BIRTH : City of Malolos, Bulacan
AGE : 18
SEX : Female
CIVIL STATUS : Single
CITIZENSHIP : Filipino
RELIGION : Catholic LANGUAGES SPOKEN : English, Tagalog

I hereby certify that the above information are true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief. _________________________ Ivy Gale M. Bulaong

MADELYN M. FRANCO
#662 San Pedro, San Simon, Pampanga
09262669621
madelynfranco222@yahoo.com
-------------------------------------------------

Seminar/ Conference Seminar | Date | The Pursuit of the Underlying Secrets in Hiring SuccessIntroduction To Business Research SeminarBook Smart is Not Enough
Entrepreneurial Mindset
Emotional quotient
Team Building (Motivation, Communication, Leadership, Teamwork) Pagpapayaman ng Ilang Piling Paksa sa Sosyolohiya Tungo sa Higit na Kaunawaan ng Lipunang Pilipino | March 5, 2013December 13, 2012September 27, 2012September 27, 2012September 27, 2012April 2011March 11, 2011 |

Organizations/Affiliation
Chambers of Young Business Leaders (CYBL)
Junior People Management Association of the Philippines (JPMAP)

Personal Information
DATE OF BIRTH : October 3, 1993
PLACE OF BIRTH : San Simon, Pampanga
AGE : 19
SEX : Female
CIVIL STATUS : Single
CITIZENSHIP : Filipino
RELIGION : Catholic LANGUAGES SPOKEN : English, Tagalog, Pampango

I hereby certify that the above information are true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief. _________________________ Madelyn M. Franco

JENINE F. HERNANDEZ
490 Barihan, City of Malolos, Bulacan
09353057630
------------------------------------------------- hernandez_jenine@yahoo.com -------------------------------------------------

Seminar/ Conference Seminar | Date | The Pursuit of the Underlying Secrets in Hiring SuccessIntroduction To Business Research SeminarBook Smart is Not Enough
Entrepreneurial Mindset
Emotional quotient
Team Building (Motivation, Communication, Leadership, Teamwork) Pagpapayaman ng Ilang Piling Paksa sa Sosyolohiya Tungo sa Higit na Kaunawaan ng Lipunang Pilipino | March 5, 2013December 13, 2012September 27, 2012September 27, 2012September 27, 2012April 2011March 11, 2011 |

Organizations/Affiliation
Chambers of Young Business Leaders (CYBL)
Junior People Management Association of the Philippines (JPMAP)

Personal Information
DATE OF BIRTH : April 5, 1994
PLACE OF BIRTH : City of Malolos, Bulacan
AGE : 19
SEX : Female
CIVIL STATUS : Single
CITIZENSHIP : Filipino
RELIGION : Catholic LANGUAGES SPOKEN : English, Tagalog

I hereby certify that the above information are true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief. __________________________ Jenine F. Hernandez

MARIA CONCEPCION S. MULDONG
Gatbuca, Calumpit, Bulacan
0905123687
------------------------------------------------- maricon_muldong4@yahoo.com -------------------------------------------------

Seminar/ Conference Seminar | Date | The Pursuit of the Underlying Secrets in Hiring SuccessIntroduction To Business Research SeminarBook Smart is Not Enough
Entrepreneurial Mindset
Emotional quotient
Team Building (Motivation, Communication, Leadership, Teamwork) Pagpapayaman ng Ilang Piling Paksa sa Sosyolohiya Tungo sa Higit na Kaunawaan ng Lipunang Pilipino | March 5, 2013December 13, 2012September 27, 2012September 27, 2012September 27, 2012April 2011March 11, 2011 |

Organizations/Affiliation
Chambers of Young Business Leaders (CYBL)
Junior People Management Association of the Philippines (JPMAP)

Personal Information
DATE OF BIRTH : May 4, 1994
AGE : 19
SEX : Female
CIVIL STATUS : Single
CITIZENSHIP : Filipino
RELIGION : Catholic LANGUAGES SPOKEN : English, Tagalog, Pampango

I hereby certify that the above information are true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief. _________________________ Maria Concepcion S. Muldong

KRISHIA MARIE E. PAÑGAN
San Nicolas, San Simon, Pampanga
09268998994
------------------------------------------------- krishia.pangan@yahoo.com -------------------------------------------------

Seminar/ Conference Seminar | Date | The Pursuit of the Underlying Secrets in Hiring SuccessIntroduction To Business Research SeminarBook Smart is Not Enough
Entrepreneurial Mindset
Emotional quotient
Team Building (Motivation, Communication, Leadership, Teamwork) Pagpapayaman ng Ilang Piling Paksa sa Sosyolohiya Tungo sa Higit na Kaunawaan ng Lipunang Pilipino | March 5, 2013December 13, 2012September 27, 2012September 27, 2012September 27, 2012April 2011March 11, 2011 |

Organizations/Affiliation
Chambers of Young Business Leaders (CYBL)
Junior People Management Association of the Philippines (JPMAP)

Personal Information
DATE OF BIRTH : April 26, 1994
PLACE OF BIRTH : Pampanga
AGE : 19
SEX : Female
CIVIL STATUS : Single
CITIZENSHIP : Born Again Christian LANGUAGES SPOKEN : English, Tagalog, Pampango

I hereby certify that the above information are true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief. __________________________ Krishia Marie E. Pañgan