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River Landforms and Processes

Processes and features in the sediment supply zone

V shaped valleys and interlocking spurs
As the spring of rivers are usually found high up in the mountains, they can flow quickly downhill eroding the landscape vertically (downwards). This is done by processes such as hydraulic action, corrasion, and corrosion, forming a deep notch into the landscape. As the river erodes vertically, the sides of the valley are exposed to various fors of weathering, for example freeze-thaw weathering which can cause sediment to fall into the river form the side of the valley, causing its steepness. This sediment is carried downstream causing the river to eventually become wider and deeper.

Waterfalls
Waterfalls again are found in the upper stages of a river where the water flows over various different bands of rock. With a waterfall, the soft rock found erodes more wuickly than the hard rock, this can cause the soft rock to undercut the hard rock which would eventuallt cause overhang. The overhang would soon collapse as it is not being supported, causing it to collpase into the plunge pool, which is the water below the overhang. The sediment will then swirl, casuing more erosion to the undercutted layer of rock, causing the process to repeat and the waterfall to move firther upstream.

Mid Channel and alternate-bars
A bar in a river is an elevated region of sediment built up of deposition such as sand a gravel which has been deposited by the flow of the river. There are various bars which include mid-channel bars, which are landforms in a river that begin to form when the discharge is low and the river is forced to take the route of less resistance by means of flowing in locations of lowest elevation. The water level decreases even more as the river laterally erodes the less cohesive bank material resulting in a widening of the river and a further exposure of the mid-channel bar

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