...A CAPTCHA Implementation Based on 3D Animation Abstract—In order to distinguish between human users and computer programs, CAPTCHA (Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Human Apart) mechanism is widely applied in websites such as accounts application website. While the major implementation of CAPTCHA method—2D still image verification code based on OCR technology is threatened by developing artificial intelligence and image recognition technologies. In this paper, we propose a new approach to implement CAPTCHA mechanism based on 3D Animation, utilizing the weakness of computer vision, which make it robust to computer attacks and convenient for users to recognize, and implemented this method to generate a 3D animation verification code. Keywords-CAPTCHA;VerificationCode;Moving Three-dimensional Animation I. Figure 1. objects; INTRODUCTION Internet is crucial to each respect of life all over the globe nowadays, through which we could retrieve and exchange information freely and efficiently. Given the fundamental relation between internet and people’ s life, vast malicious computer programs attack websites for profits, such as auto application for some mails’ accounts to send junk e-mails, etc. CAPTCHA (Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Human Apart) system emerges to solve this problem by identifying end-users of internet whether a real person or an automated computer program[1][2][3]...
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...topicmodels: An R Package for Fitting Topic Models Bettina Grun ¨ Johannes Kepler Universit¨t Linz a Kurt Hornik WU Wirtschaftsuniversit¨t Wien a Abstract This article is a (slightly) modified and shortened version of Gr¨n and Hornik (2011), u published in the Journal of Statistical Software. Topic models allow the probabilistic modeling of term frequency occurrences in documents. The fitted model can be used to estimate the similarity between documents as well as between a set of specified keywords using an additional layer of latent variables which are referred to as topics. The R package topicmodels provides basic infrastructure for fitting topic models based on data structures from the text mining package tm. The package includes interfaces to two algorithms for fitting topic models: the variational expectation-maximization algorithm provided by David M. Blei and co-authors and an algorithm using Gibbs sampling by Xuan-Hieu Phan and co-authors. Keywords: Gibbs sampling, R, text analysis, topic model, variational EM. 1. Introduction In machine learning and natural language processing topic models are generative models which provide a probabilistic framework for the term frequency occurrences in documents in a given corpus. Using only the term frequencies assumes that the information in which order the words occur in a document is negligible. This assumption is also referred to as the exchangeability assumption for the words in a document and this assumption leads...
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...The Al Gore Effect: An Inconvenient Truth and Voluntary Carbon Offsets∗ [Job Market Paper] Grant Jacobsen University of California-Santa Barbara 2120 North Hall University of California Santa Barbara, 93106-9210 jacobsen@econ.ucsb.edu Phone: (717) 315-5503 Fax: (805) 893-8830 I thank Matthew Kotchen, Robert Deacon, Olivier Deschenes, and Charles Kolstad for helpful comments. I also thank participants at a UCSB seminar, the Western Economics International Association’s Conference, and the University of Colorado Environmental and Resource Economics Workshop. ∗ 1 The Al Gore Effect: An Inconvenient Truth and Voluntary Carbon Offsets Abstract This paper examines the relationship between climate change awareness and household behavior by testing whether Al Gore’s documentary An Inconvenient Truth caused an increase in the purchase of voluntary carbon offsets. I find that in the two months following the film’s release, zip codes within a 10-mile radius of a zip code where the film was shown experienced a 50 percent relative increase in the purchase of voluntary carbon offsets. During other times, offset purchasing patterns for zip codes inside the 10-mile radius were similar to the patterns of zip codes outside the 10-mile radius. There is, however, little evidence that individuals who purchased an offset due to the film renewed them again a year later. This research has implications for how information campaigns, which are commonly used by policy-makers to...
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...1997 NSRP 0532 THE NATIONAL SHIPBUILDING RESEARCH PROGRAM 1997 Ship Production Symposium Paper No. 16: Towards a Generic Product-Oriented Work Breakdown Structure For Shipbuilding U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY CARDEROCK DIVISION, NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CENTER Report Documentation Page Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to a penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. 1. REPORT DATE 2. REPORT TYPE 3. DATES COVERED APR 1997 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE N/A 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 5d. PROJECT NUMBER 5e. TASK NUMBER 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER The National Shipbuiliding Research Program 1997 Ship Production Symposium, Paper No. 16: Towards a Generic Product-Oriented...
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...A fuzzy logic approach to urban land-use mapping Henning Sten Hansen National Environmental Research Institute, Ministry of Environment & Energy Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark Phone : +45 46 30 18 07 Fax : +45 46 30 12 12 HSH@DMU.DK Abstract. The growth of cities represents huge problems for modern societies. Monitoring, analysing and modelling the urban dynamic call for detailed mapping of urban land-use. Traditionally, urban land-use mapping is based on orthophotos and satellite images, but deriving land-use from remote-sensing alone is not satisfactory. The Danish Building & Dwelling Register is a database containing detailed information like year of construction, use, area etc. Therefore, this database provides a useful foundation for urban land-use mapping. To be able to track urban land-use changes over time, we have chosen square cells (100m x 100m) as basic mapping units. Generally, land cover and land-use mapping are based on crisp classification, but in the current project we have applied a fuzzy modeling approach to land-use mapping. Fuzzy classification offers a better choice in urban land-use mapping, because it can indicate the primary, secondary etc. land-use simultaneously. This will offer more meaningful information for planners and a more detailed understanding of the land-use patterns. Based on these principles, a nation wide urban land-use database for the year 1997 is established. 1 Introduction Metropolitan areas all over the...
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...Iranian Journal of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences The Code of Ethics for Nurses F Zahedi, M Sanjari, [...], and M Vahid Dastgerdi Additional article information Abstract Nurses are ever-increasingly confronted with complex concerns in their practice. Codes of ethics are fundamental guidance for nursing as many other professions. Although there are authentic international codes of ethics for nurses, the national code would be the additional assistance provided for clinical nurses in their complex roles in care of patients, education, research and management of some parts of health care system in the country. A national code can provide nurses with culturally-adapted guidance and help them to make ethical decisions more closely to the Iranian-Islamic background. Given the general acknowledgement of the need, the National Code of Ethics for Nurses was compiled as a joint project (2009–2011). The Code was approved by the Health Policy Council of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education and communicated to all universities, healthcare centers, hospitals and research centers early in 2011. The focus of this article is on the course of action through which the Code was compiled, amended and approved. The main concepts of the code will be also presented here. No doubt, development of the codes should be considered as an ongoing process. This is an overall responsibility to keep the codes current, updated with the new progresses of science and emerging challenges...
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...ram4577X_ch03.qxd 4/16/04 11:50 Page 37 Legal and Ethical Issues in Medical Practice, Including HIPAA AREAS OF COMPETENCE 2003 Role Delineation Study CLINICAL Fundamental Principles ɀ Apply principles of aseptic technique and infection control ɀ Comply with quality assurance practices Patient Care ɀ Coordinate patient care information with other health-care providers GENERAL Legal Concepts ɀ Perform within legal and ethical boundaries ɀ Prepare and maintain medical records ɀ Document accurately ɀ Follow employer’s established policies dealing with the health-care contract ɀ Implement and maintain federal and state health-care legislation and regulations ɀ Comply with established risk management and safety procedures ɀ Recognize professional credentialing criteria CHAPTER OUTLINE ɀ ɀ ɀ ɀ Medical Law and Ethics OSHA Regulations Quality Control and Assurance Code of Ethics ɀ HIPAA ɀ Confidentiality Issues and Mandatory Disclosure OBJECTIVES After completing Chapter 3, you will be able to: 3.1 Define ethics, bioethics, and law. 3.2 Discuss the measures a medical practice must take to avoid malpractice claims. 3.3 Describe OSHA requirements for a medical office. KEY TERMS abandonment agent arbitration assault authorization battery bioethics breach of contract civil law contract crime criminal law defamation disclosure durable power of attorney electronic transaction record ethics expressed contract felony fraud ...
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...Unit Testing of Z Formal Specifications Hasan Abbas MCS173006 Capital University of Science and Technology hasanaccms@gmail.com Abstract: A unit test is a quality measurement and evaluation procedure applied in most enterprise software development activities. Generally, a unit test evaluates how software code complies with the overall objective of the software/application/program and how its fitness affects other smaller units. Unit tests may be performed manually - by one or more developer - or through an automated software solution. In this paper I propose a simple framework for unit testing with Z specifications, and illustrate this framework by testing the first few levels of a POSIX specification. Prolegomenon: Unit testing determines...
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...Module Specification | Code: | BS21116 | Title: | Research Project | Credits: | 15 | Level: | 5 | Administering School: | East Lancashire Business School | Module Leader(s): | Dr Stephen Kirkup | Assessment Split: | Coursework 100% | Recommended precursors: | SS11112 Research Methods | Typical Delivery mode: | In class delivery | Total contact hours: | Typically 45 | Module Description: | This module will provide students with the opportunity to carry out a small scale research project on an appropriate topic. It will build on and extend the knowledge and skills acquired at Level One in the Research Methods module. | Module TLA Strategy: | Learning and teaching is predominantly targeted on an individual basis through on-going supervision. However, to facilitate reinforcement of research methodologies and principles, there will be some formal sessions based on lectures and seminars. This is augmented with the use of peer group based reflections on the ongoing progress and reflection of the research.Assessment1 updated and modified project proposal (20%) and a 2,000 word report on the task/project (80%) | Programme Outcomes to which the module contributes: | A6 A8 C3 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 | Syllabus: | The students will undertake a programme of self managed study with guidance from their project supervisor.Students will:- * Modify their research proposal (previously generated) * Consider the ethics involved * Apply...
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...PERFORMANCE ANALYSES OF A MULTI-CARRIER CDMA WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM WITH CHANNEL IMPAIRMENT Jobayer Anam Rana ID : 06110024 Nishi Rahman ID:06110021 A Thesis under Supervision of Dr.Satya Prasad Majumder In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Electronics and Communication Engineering Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering (Electronics and Communication Engineering Program) April -2010 BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh i ii DECLARATION We hereby declare that this thesis is based on the results found by ourselves. Materials of work found by other researcher are mentioned by reference. This thesis, neither in whole nor in part, has been previously submitted for any degree. __________ Signature of Supervisor _________ Signature of Author iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS By the grace of God we have completed our thesis. We would like to thank our supervisor Dr. Satya Prasad Majumder for giving us the opportunity to work under his supervision. He has always help us by giving suggestions, ideas, advice and support to solve all our problems and guided us to developed this thesis for last two semester. We also thankful to Apurba Saha, Supriyo Shafkat Ahmed, Nazmus Saquib and Rumana Rahman for their inspiration and kind cooperation. We have worked hard and gave our best. Hopefully, our work will appreciated by our supervisor and respected faculties. iv ABSTRACT Analysis of the...
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...Paper : TCS Placement Paper Pattern (English, Aptitude) Hi, Its Vineet Mishra. TCS Test Consists of 3 Sections.. 1. Test on Synonyms and Antonyms (40 questions, 20 minutes: Also Q's on Sentence Completion). 2. Aptitude Test (32 questions(may vary), 40 minutes: General Questions on Mathematics). 3. Critical Reasoning (30 Minutes: 3 Analysis Paragraphs and 12 questions Relating them Written Test: Written test is on line test paper. There were three sections. plz prepare last papers too & BARRONS Properly. Some of Antonyms are Admonish= usurp Adhesive = tenacious, sticky, glue, gum, bonding agent Alienate = estrange Bileaf = big screen, big shot, big success Belief = conviction Baffle = puzzle Brim = edge Covet = to desire Caprice = whim Concur = similar, acquiesce Confiscate = appropriate, to take charge, to annex Cargo = load, luggage Dispel = scatter Divulge = reveal, make known, disclose Discretion = prudence Emancipate = liberate Efface = obliterate Embrace = hug, hold, cuddle Furtive = stealthy Heap = to gather Hamper = obstruct Heap = to pile Hover = linger Incentive = spur Instigate = incite Inert = passive Latitude = scope Lethargy = stupor Lamont = lakes, lamentable Lament = wail Latent = potential Merry = Enjoy Meager = small, little, scanty Misery = distress Momentary = for small time Merit = to deserve Miserable = unhappy, sad Obstinate = stubborn Overt = obvious, clear, explicit, evident Pretentious = ostentatious Potential = ability Rinaile = rigorous Renounce=...
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...GITAM UNIVERSTIY (Declared as Deemed to be University U/S 3 of UGC Act, 1956) [pic] REGULATIONS & SYLLABUS Of B.Tech. (Electrical & Electronics & Engineering) (W.e.f 2012-13 admitted batch) Gandhi Nagar Campus, Rushikonda VISAKHAPATNAM – 530 045 Website: www.gitam.edu REGULATIONS (W.e.f. 2012-013 admitted batch) 1. ADMISSIONS 1. Admissions into B.Tech (Electrical & Electronics Engineering) programme of GITAM University are governed by GITAM University admission regulations. 2. ELIGIBILTY CRITERIA 1. A pass in 10+2 or equivalent examination approved by GITAM University with Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics. 2. Admissions into B.Tech will be based on an All India Entrance Test (GAT) conducted by GITAM University and the rule of reservation, wherever applicable. 3. STRUCTURE OF THE B.Tech. PROGRAMME 3.1 The Programme of instruction consists of: i) A general core programme comprising Basic Sciences, Basic Engineering, Humanities & Social Sciences and Mathematics. ii) An engineering core programme imparting to the student the fundamentals of engineering in the branch concerned. iii) An elective programme enabling the students to take up a group of departmental / interdepartmental courses of interest to him/her. In addition, a student has to i)...
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...a question. If a person has a question about something they can just type it in the search engine on the website and it will try to lead you to the best possible answer that the person requested. Or you can just click on one of the tabs the website has to offer. The site offers services from A-Z. For example, a user can submit an address change all the way to look up zip codes in the United States. With the website you can also find government jobs offerings, if the person wants a career change or just looking for employment. The services just go on and on the website. It even tells you how to plan for a disaster and what a person should have in case of an emergency. They even have stuff for the kids also. On the kids site they inform the young ones on how to become a president and links them on to another kid’s government website. It also gives parents tips on how to help kids with their homework, learn about your kid’s school meal, and how to stop bullying. If a person has any questions about any topic about any government topic like finical aid and insurance it gives the readers helpful information. It’s also a good research tool, for example, if a student has to do a paper or research about the U.S. government there is helpful tab, find government agencies, and will tell you all the information a readers needs to know about the three branches of government and state, local, tribal, governments. Finally, one of the last things the site has to offer is the listing of government...
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...cash-strapped IT departments that are wanted to deliver better services under pressure. When this cloud is made available for the general customer on pay per use basis, then it is called public cloud. When customer develops their own applications and run their own internal infrastructure then is called private cloud. Integration and consolidation of public and private cloud is called hybrid cloud. But having many advantages for IT organizations cloud has some issues that must be consider during its deployment. The main concern is security privacy and trust. These issues are arises during the deployment of mostly public cloud because in public cloud infrastructure customer is not aware where the data store & how over the internet. In this paper security privacy & trust issues of cloud computing are reviewed. The...
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...misunderstandings and stem from the fact that some people talk about different measurement concepts under the same label (complexity is the most common case). There is a need to define unambiguously the most important measurement concepts used in the measurement of software products. One way of doing so is to define precisely what mathematical properties characterize these concepts, regardless of the specific software artifacts to which these concepts are applied. Such a mathematical framework could generate a consensus in the software engineering community and provide a means for better communication among researchers, better guidelines for analysts, and better evaluation methods for commercial static analyzers for practitioners. In this paper, we propose a mathematical framework which is generic, because it is not specific to any particular software artifact, and rigorous, because it is based on precise mathematical concepts. This framework defines several important measurement concepts (size, length, complexity, cohesion, coupling). It does not intend to...
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