...National University of Ireland, Dublin Cross-Cultural Management An In-Depth Analysis of Zimbabwe Class: BSC15D Submitted by: 6th August 2011 Table of Contents | 1.0: Introduction ……........................................................................................................................... | 2.0: Findings………………......................................................................................................................2.1: Political Philosophy and Ideology …………………………………………………………………………2.2: Economic Philosophy and Ideology ……………………………………………………………………….2.3: Geographic Philosophy and Ideology……………………………………………………………………..2.4: History Philosophy and Ideology ………………………………………………………………………….2.5: Language Philosophy and Ideology ……………………………………………………………………….2.6: Religion Philosophy and Ideology …………………………………………………………………………2.7: Social Structure Philosophy and Ideology …………………………………………………………….. | 3.0: Analysis…………………………………………………….………………………………………………………………44.0: Implication........................................................................................................................4 | 5.0: Conclusion...............................................................................................................4 | 6.0: Referencing.................................................................................................................................5 | | | 1.0 Introduction 2.1 Political Philosophy and Ideology ...
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...Free Download A History Of Zimbabwe Book A History Of Zimbabwe is writen by Alois S. Mlambo in English language. Release on 2014-04-07, this book has 304 page count that consist of valuable information with lovely reading experience. The book was publish by Cambridge University Press, it is one of best history book genre that gave you everything love about reading. You can find A History Of Zimbabwe book with ISBN 9781107021709. The first single-volume history of Zimbabwe with detailed coverage from pre-colonial times to the present, this book examines Zimbabwe's pre-colonial, colonial and postcolonial social, economic and political history and relates historical factors and trends to recent developments in the country. Zimbabwe is a country with a rich history, dating from the early San hunter-gatherer societies. The arrival of British imperial rule in 1890 impacted the country tremendously, as the European rulers exploited Zimbabwe's resources, giving rise to a movement of African nationalism and demands for independence. This culminated in the armed conflict of the 1960s and 1970s and independence in 1980. The 1990s were marked by economic decline and the rise of opposition politics. In 1999, Mugabe embarked on a violent land reform program that plunged the nation's economy into a downward spiral, with political violence and human rights violations making Zimbabwe an international pariah state. This book will be useful to those studying Zimbabwean history and those unfamiliar...
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...Name Lawrence Surname Mukuku Course Governance in Zimbabwe 1. The negotiations for transition in Zimbabwe were essentially about preserving white interests in Zimbabwe. Discuss in relation with the (i) The Home-Smith Settlement Proposals, (ii)Détente, (ii) The Anglo-American Initiative, (iii)The Geneva Conference and (iv) The Malta Conference During the struggle of Zimbabwe, when the war between the nationalist and the Smith regime was intensifying efforts were made by various countries such as Britain, South Africa, United States of America, Zambia, Botswana and Malawi to find or to implement peaceful ways by which Southern Rhodesia would achieve its independence other than violence. These strategies included the Home Smith proposals, Détente, The Anglo-American Initiative, The Geneva Conference and The Malta Conference. However these failed to achieve independence in Southern Rhodesia as they entrenched the interests of the whites, and failed to gain favour in the eyes of the nationalist. This essay will look at how each of these talks entrenched the interest of the white settlers. Home- Smith settlement proposals 1971-4 The period from 1971-1974 was a period marked by the Anglo- Rhodesian settlement proposals. For the first time during this period Africans became the masters of their own fate. The period also marked the emergence of African National Council by Muzorewa and Zvobgo and the intensification of the armed struggle. (Ngunyoni...
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...your country’s historical relationship with Zimbabwe? China has had a relationship with Zimbabwe for many years stretching back to the 1970s. China provided financial, logistical, and military support for ZANU-PF during the struggle for liberation and independence. They have friendly relations with each other and to this day China supports Mugabe and Zimbabwe as evidenced by the recent and continued arms shipments. 2. What is your country’s current relationship with Zimbabwe? Be sure to include any policies or interests your country has in Zimbabwe. China currently has economic interests in Zimbabwe and for this reason supports the current government. China has developed within the country coal and platinum mines, hydroelectric generators, thermal power stations, as well as build airports, bridges, and hospitals. Additionally, China supports the country with financial aid. Many Chinese firms also have operations in Zimbabwe and a favourable government is thus in the interest of China as a country and its people. 3. What does your country see as the major problems facing Zimbabwe today? China has concerns over the validity of election results due to violence against those who support the opposition. Widespread poverty, malnutrition, unemployment, and economic and political instability are also a major problems. 4. Does your country believe the United Nations should play a role in addressing the problems in Zimbabwe? Why or why not? No, we believe that if the...
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...Chris Maroleng1 AFRICAN SECURITY ANALYSIS PROGRAMME CLOSED ROUND TABLE REPORT, 14 MAY 2003 Executive Summary Recent statements by President Robert Mugabe of Zimbabwe indicating that he might be contemplating retirement have revived speculation about the preconditions he would consider essential to guarantee his personal safety after leaving office. More broadly, there is increasing debate about the possible shape of a post-Mugabe dispensation, and how a new government might begin to tackle the serious economic and political difficulties facing the country.Even members of Zimbabwe’s ruling establishment now commonly accept that the formal economy is in a state of near collapse. Whatever their publicly-stated positions, leading figures in ZANU-PF admit that a return to international respectability and the resumption of aid and loan flows are urgently needed if a complete economic meltdown is to be averted. There are, however, some dissenting voices about the way Zimbabwe should handle its future relations with the World Bank, IMF and donor community, and these represent a significant faction across the formal political divide. The views of these intellectuals will have to be considered even as the international community attempts to ease Zimbabwe out of its political and economic impasse. In the short term, it appears that the economic crisis has affected the domestic political balance of power in a number of ways. First, its effect on the living standards of the vast majority...
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...societies which lived at Mapungubwe and Great Zimbabwe. By Michael Steel Introduction: The kingdom of Great Zimbabwe has been the topic of numerous debates and research studies, as well as being a national monument that draws tourists from around the world to its destination as a result of the rich history of the area. Great Zimbabwe ruins dates back to the Iron Age and is situated near Masvingo in Zimbabwe, between the Limpopo and Zambezi River. “Zimbabwe” meaning “stone buildings” is derived from the Shona term “dzimba dzamabwe”, which refers to the stone walls that that surround houses and kraals in traditional Shona settlements, such as Great Zimbabwe. It was of popular belief amongst historians that Great Zimbabwe was the first site in southern Africa in which a community was socially structured and sophisticated, therefore being considered the most complex of societies in precolonial southern Africa.However, a more recent discovery in 1932 found that a structured society preceded that of Great Zimbabwe by about a century in the Limpopo basin, an area known as the Mapungubwe. It is also popularly considered amongst historians that the people of the Mapungubwe area were in fact the ancestors of those who built the kingdom of Great Zimbabwe. Archaeological evidence indicates the earliest findings of class distinction through architecture and spatial arrangements, hence social structure, are found in the area of Mapungubwe. The Zimbabwe culture has well-known architectural and...
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... IA Zimbabwe, Factor 7: Animal Agriculture Zimbabwe: Overcoming Hunger Through the Improvement of Agricultural Education and the Issue Over Social Inequality What is hunger? Many would probably say it is that mildly uncomfortable feeling that you get after not eating for a few hours. The majority of people use the phrase “I’m starving!” when they get this feeling. But what about the 805 million people in which “starving” means not knowing where their next meal is coming from. Agriculturalists and world food leaders now face a huge challenge: in feeding the 9 billion people who are projected to be on Earth by 2050 (Nat’l Geographic). Of the 196 sovereign countries in the world, 147 are considered underdeveloped and lack food security, Zimbabwe being one of them. Zimbabwe is located in the southern portion of Africa, surrounded by Botswana, South Africa, Zambia, and Mozambique, making it a land-locked state. Zimbabwe has a total land area of 390,757 square miles and is home to 13,771,721 people (CIA World Factbook). The land is composed of mostly high plateaus with mountains in the east. With a tropical climate, the country has rainy seasons between November and March but is currently suffering from an extensive drought due to unreliable rainfall. The frequent droughts that occur throughout the year make it especially hard for farmers, ranchers, and families who depend on sustainable agriculture as their main source of income. Despite the fact that Zimbabwe has the...
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...The Rule of Law in Zimbabwe Robert Mugabe was elected into power in Zimbabwe in 1980, the year Zimbabwe was granted independence from Britain. “Unfortunately, what has happened since 2001 is a complete collapse of the rule of law, and it simply has been replaced by this dictatorial regime of Robert Mugabe," says Mark Ellis, the executive director of the International Bar Association. Once considered Africa’s most sophisticated and developing legal communities, political turmoil in turn caused lawyers and judges to flee the country. The country's prisons swelled and the pre-trial detention population reached great heights .Torture became widely accepted as a legitimate tool for police investigation and judicial processes. A total system collapse resulted in a humanitarian for Zimbabwe. In 2001 the International Bar associated sent lawyers to speak with President Robert Mugabe and government officials. This was because a spate in violence had erupted and there were complaints of harassment and the Rule of Law slowly becoming “Mugabe’s Law”. The IBA heard that judges were being intimidated and sometimes forced to retire, court orders weren’t being enforced by the police or government, journalists had been arrested, jailed and tortured, there were bans on the media, strikes and protests were outlawed, and the military and Central Intelligence Organisation (CIO) were given rights to arrest and detain civilians. At least two journalists have been charged under the Law and Order...
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...THE DEMISE OF GREAT ZIMBABWE, ad 1420 – 1550: AN ENVIRONMENTAL RE-APPRAISAL By Innocent Pikirayi The decline of Great Zimbabwe is poorly known due to limited archaeological data and vague historical sources. Environmental data indicates that Great Zimbabwe declined when climatic conditions were favourable, which may have prompted the ruling elite to make decisions that impacted on the immediate surroundings of the settlement and beyond. The shifting character of the Zimbabwe Culture1 since the 12th century was a human response to the vagaries of the savanna environment, as well as the changing patterns of trade in the western Indian Ocean involving eastern Africa and the auriferous Zimbabwean plateau hinterland. It is within this context that the demise of Great Zimbabwe as the urban centre of a powerful political system must be understood. introduction Great Zimbabwe (ad 1270–1550) emerged in the southern plateau regions of Zimbabwe from an Iron Age agricultural community.2 By the 14th century it was at the helm of a political hierarchy controlling territory and a community equivalent to a state.3 Its rulers accumulated considerable wealth and power from the large cattle herds4 they managed and from gold and ivory traded with the east African coast.5 It was the cultural and political successor to Mapungubwe (ad 1220–90), based in the middle Shashe-Limpopo valley. Mapungubwe developed into the political and cultural centre of a community living in the area and founded by...
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...BECOMING ZIMBABWE TEACHING HISTORY IN CONTEXT IN ZIMBABWE Miles Tendi Published by the Institute for Justice and Reconcilation Wynberg Mews, Ground Floor, House Vincent, 10 Brodie Road, Wynberg 7800, South Africa www.ijr.org.za © 2009 Institute for Justice and Reconciliation First Published 2009 All rights reserved. ISBN 978-1-920219-18-5 Produced by Compress.dsl www.compressdsl.com CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 CHAPTER 1: Using history 5 The uses of liberation history in Zimbabwean politics • Historical context • ZANU PF’s ‘Patriotic History’ • Patriotic History’s detractors • What is Patriotic History? • The opposition’s use of history 5 5 6 6 8 CHAPTER 2: History in secondary and higher education 11 History curriculum development in Zimbabwe’s secondary schools and higher education institutions, and the implications for reconciliation, national healing and transitional justice • The growth in education since independence • History in secondary schools • History in higher education • A review of the NASS syllabus 11 11 14 17 CHAPTER 3: Teaching history 23 Challenges of teaching history in Zimbabwe, points of contention and consensus, and future prospects • Repression in tertiary institutions • Decline in secondary schools • National youth training service centres • Reasons for optimism 23 25 25 26 CHAPTER 4: Supporting history teaching 29 Supporting secondary and higher educators, and proposals towards learning sessions, modules and activities for history...
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...South African citizen. A top South African court has declared that the country's police and prosecutors are obliged to investigate allegations of torture and crimes against humanity committed by Zimbabwean government officials, against Zimbabweans, in Zimbabwe. The court said the police were empowered to investigate the alleged crimes "irrespective of whether or not the alleged perpetrators are present in South Africa". Sworn statements gave what the South African court called "a graphic picture" of torture allegedly carried out on members of the opposition Movement for Democratic Change after a raid on its offices in Harvest House, Harare*: "They describe severe physical assaults being perpetrated, which included the use of truncheons, baseball bats, fan-belts and booted feet" the court said. "There are accounts of victims being suspended by a metal rod between two tables; of being subjected to water boarding; and of electrical shocks being applied to the genitals of some of them." (Exhibit 1) The Court of Appeal said the question at the heart of the case was: "What business is it of the South African authorities when torture on a widespread scale is alleged to have been committed by Zimbabweans against Zimbabweans in Zimbabwe?"(Exhibit 2) In effect the court decided that when South Africa signed the Rome Statute, and then passed domestic legislation enabling it...
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...NATIONAL AND STRATEGIC STUDIES MODULE 1 ZIMBABWEAN HISTORY, NATIONAL INTERESTS, AND HERITAGE, Contents: TOPIC ……….. ……. PAGE 1. Introduction……………………………………………………..01 2. History of Zimbabwe……………………………………………02 2.1. The Great Zimbabwe State…………………………………03 2. The Mutapa State…………………………………………..04 2.3. The Rozvi State…………………………………………….07 2.4. The Ndebele State…………………………………………..07 2.5. White Settler Occupation of Zimbabwe……………………10 2.6. Crimes Against Humanity; -- Colonization and Slavery …..15 7. Consolidation of Settler-Colonialism in Zimbabwe ………21 8. African Nationalism And Organized Resistance To colonialism ……….. .. 30 4. Cultural heritage……………………………………………. 5. Political Heritage 6. Economic heritage 7. Civic responsibilities 8. Acknowledgements 1: INTRODUCTION NASS- The background There is no educational system that is silent on the values that are accepted and cherished by that society. Education is about values in other word behavior change in all the domains of education that is the psychomotor, the cognitive and the affective. A skilled artisan or accountant with no sense of his position in society at the family level or at work or society in general is a social misfit and a...
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...Godwin, Peter. “Zimbabwe's Bitter Harvest.” National Geographic. August, 2003, Volume 204, Number 2. pp. 100-113. ~Review of Magazine~ “Zimbabwe's Bitter Harvest” is an article discussing how the black population of Africa is retaking the land. President of Zimbabwe, Robert Mugabe, is the architect of this land reform. The likely reason for this is that in 2000, Mugabe lost a referendum on a new constitution that would have significantly enlarged his power. He accused the white farmers of the newly found opposition. The ZANU-PF immediately took action, in occupying the white-owned farms. The article begins with the story of the Stauntons, a white Zimbabwean farmer family of three generations. After being chased off their farm, they await a future of uncertainty in Australia. On a Tuesday afternoon in late 2002, a motorcade of SUVs invaded the Kachere Farm (Staunton's property). Grace Mugabe, wife of the president, viewed it as a plentiful valuable farming site and decided to claim it. They were not the only victims; by early 2003 only 200 of 4,500 white-owned farms remained fully functioning. The ill-effects don't stop there, as the economy was also severely hurt. Commercial wheat production went down 52% from the year before, and the commercial cattle herd fell from some 1.3 million head in 1999 to below 200,000 in 2002. After enclosing this information, the article proceeds to offer personal accounts of black Zimbabweans who've settled in the white farmers' land. One such...
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...* Sherwood Park * Mabelreign * Harare 11 February 2015 * …………………………………. * …………………………………. * …………………………………. * …………………………… …… Dear Sir/Madam, ------------------------------------------------- RE: VACANCY GRADUATE TRAINEE HUMAN RESOURCES OFFICER I would like to apply for a job as a human resources graduate trainee officer in your organization. I believe this position would provide a great opportunity to further my chosen career. My willingness to work hard and build my skill base will make me a good candidate for the job. I’m a recent BSc Honours in Psychology graduate (WUA) with a degree class equivalent to 2.1, and I have currently started studying Personnel Management (IPMZ). I am also a member of Zimbabwe Psychology Association (ZPA) thus I have enclosed detailed Curriculum Vitae containing my educational qualifications to date for more information and records. I look forward to hearing from you at your earliest convenience. Yours Sincerely Naya Tapiwa Muzanenhamo CURRICULUM VITAE ------------------------------------------------- Personal Details Name:Naya Tapiwa Surname: Muzanenhamo Nationality: Zimbabwean ID Number: 63-2072299-G-32 Sex: Male Date of Birth: 4 July 1985 Telephone: 0779 226603/ 0776749629 Address: 16 Eastwood Ave, Sherwood Park, Harare Email: tapimuza@yahoo...
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...PROGRAMME SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY COURSE ANTHROPOLOGY OF GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT MARK QUESTION EXAMINE THE ARGUMENT THAT ECONOMIC STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT PROGRAMMES AFFECTED WOMEN MORE THAN MEN The view that Economic Structural Adjustment Programmes (ESAPs) affected women more than men is true to a considerable extent. This was because women were a vulnerable group and Economic Structural Adjustment Programs worsened the situation and that is why ESAP have been cynically changed to mean Extreme Suffering of the African People, and this implies that Economic Structural Adjustment Programs brought more negative impact than positive ones and it were women who particularly suffered more than any other group. Economic Structural Adjustment Programmes are perceived by the Bretton Wood institutions as the process which aims at making national economies of developing countries more efficient, more flexible and better able to use resources through cutting of expenses. The International Monetary Fund and the World Bank were arguing that Third World countries were being faced with finance problems because they were spending too much on arms and paying workers. Hence the way to address these financial problems was by reducing on arms spending...
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