……………………………………………………………… 11 6 Management Ideas: Yesterday and Today ………………………………………………... 14 7 Classical View of Management (Scientific and Bureaucratic)……………………………… 16 8 Administrative View of Management ……………………………………………………. 19 9 Behavioral Theories of Management 20 10 Quantitative, Contemporary and Emerging Views of Management 23 11 System’s View of Management and Organization 25 12 Analyzing Organizational Environment and Understanding Organizational Culture …….. 29 13 21st Century Management
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NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SOCIAL SCIENCE COURSE CODE:POL 122 COURSE TITLE:INTRODUCTION TO AFRICAN POLITICS POL 122 INTRODUCTION TO AFRICAN POLITICS COURSE GUIDE POL 122 INTRODUCTION TO AFRICAN POLITICS Course Writer/Developer Mr. Sikiru Lanre Nurudeen Department of Political Science and Conflict Resolution Al – Hikmah University, Ilorin Kwara State Course Editor Prof. M. Olarotimi Ajayi Faculty of Social Sciences Covenant University Otta Course Coordinator Mr
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proliferation of transnational corporations, the rise of global capitalism, widespread aspiration for material possessions, and the homogenization of global consumption. The extent of convergence of cultural values across nations has been debated by international marketing researchers. However, from a practical standpoint, transnational firms require a cross-national, cross-cultural approach to market segmentation that can be used to guide the development of global marketing strategies. In this study, the
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The Theoretical Value of Studying Indian Multinationals Ravi Ramamurti The rise of new multinationals in countries like India provides an opportunity to revisit and carefully construct theories of how firms internationalize—a topic on which extant theory is weak. Indian firms are “infant MNEs,” unlike Western firms that are “mature MNEs.” Indian firms are also internationalizing in a very different global context, and can do so on the basis of different competitive advantages, than MNEs that
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increasing dropout rate specifically in the secondary level of education. The data also support that there is 46,404 ES and 12,878 HS ratio between number of elementary schools and secondary schools wherein the latter is 28% fewer as the number of elementary schools. This only means to say that there is a very limited access to secondary education causing many elementary graduates to remain unenrolled for some time which now leads to contribute to psycho-social problems that out-of-school children/
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America. Those changes were economic, political, religious, and intellectual (Fite 15). So why were these changes so important? They were the reasons that England decided to explore and expand in the western part of the world. The decision to expand trade and commerce was the most important advancement in the history of economics (Fite 15). From the time that the Virginia colonies were settled in 1609 up until 1890, farming was the most important aspect of the United States economy (Fite 30). Although
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND INFORMATION Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as a concept entails the practice whereby corporate entities voluntarily integrate both social and environment upliftment in their business philosophy and operations. A business enterprise is primarily established to create value by producing goods and services which society demands. The present-day conception of corporate social responsibility (CSR) implies that companies voluntarily integrate social and
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research gaps, and assisting professional practice. Conclusions are in two parts: a discussion of implications for the practice of event management and tourism, and implications are drawn for advancing theory in event tourism. r 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Event tourism; Definitions; Theory; Research 1. Introduction Events are an important motivator of tourism, and figure prominently in the development and marketing plans of most destinations. The roles and impacts of planned events
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sincerity of his language shall not fail him in his own humble attempt to bring this mini-thesis to its just and proper course and closure. The twin causes formulated in this paper are generally subdivided into two: the concept of economic will (policy system of governance) and the concept of economic ownership (property system of the governed). Further reading is advised on critical and related topics of this paper. For the economy, these words: there is no such thing as the co-existence of freedom
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thought to be essential (Bowen and Lawer, 1992; Fulford and Enz, 1995; Bowen and Lawler, 1995). However, delegation of authority for a long period of time in the past, dominated the management field. In fact, this view changed into the “empowerment” concept as mentioned by Kocel (1998). It covers the participation and delegation of authority along with the motivation of the employees. Managers began to prefer a style, which liberates the creative and innovative “energies” and potentials of employees
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