red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. 1. Blood volume and composition a. Blood volume varies with body size, fluid and electrolyte balance, and adipose tissue content. b. Blood can be separated into formed elements and liquid portions. 1. The formed elements portion is mostly red blood cells. 2. The liquid plasma includes water, gases, nutrients, hormones, electrolytes, and cellular wastes. 2. Characteristics of red blood cells a. Red blood cells are biconcave discs
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production of proteins. This term is also synonymous to protein translation. It begins with a sequential process of transcription of DNA into mRNA, which is then used as input for translation after exon-intron splicing. The addition of successive tRNA molecules based on the code of mRNA matched up by base-pairing through their anti-codons in the ribosomes creates the nascent protein. After the protein chain has been synthesized, post-translation modification occurs, e.g. phosphorylation, motifs added to
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Classification Of Heat Exchangers Introduction Heat: is energy in transit from one mass to another because of a temperature difference between the two. A form of energy associated with the motion of atoms or molecules and transferred from a body at a higher temperature to one at a lower temperature. Heat energy will move from a high energy state to that of a lower energy state. The process will continue until a state of equilibrium is reached. Equilibrium is the energy state where the material
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CHEMISTRY 1. CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES Students should be able to: (a) Define the following terms: o Element o Mixture o Compound o Symbol o Formulae o Atom o Molecule (b) Distinguish between elements, mixtures and compounds and give examples of each; (c) Recall that some metals are reactive and others are not; (d) Demonstrate an understanding of the reactivity series; (e) Arrange metals in order of reactivity (Sodium, Calcium, Magnesium, Zinc, Iron, Copper, Silver and Gold);
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compression and rarefaction of molecules in a substance Chemical —— relates to energy stored in the bonds between atoms in a molecule Electrical —— relates to the movement or flow of electrons Light —— relates to on electric change or magnetic field that produce electromagnetic waves Heat —— relates to the motion of particles, atoms or molecules in a substance Nuclear —— relates to the potential energy stored in bonds between particles in the nucleus of an atom Conservation of energy Energy
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chemist by the name of Constantin Fahlberg was experimenting with coal tar derivatives and discovered its sweet nature. Saccharin is made up of C7H5NO3S and is an organic compound which means that it’s molecules contain carbon. The chemical make up is the element followed by the number of atoms of each element. Saccharin was produced shortly after it was discovered but was first used mostly for diabetics because it does not cause a spike in blood sugar levels like sugar did. Saccharin grew to be popular
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You will not get any amino acids from carbohydrates because they are mainly made of sugars and starches not protein which make amino acids. All amino acids have a similar chemical structure—each contains an amino group, an acid group, a hydrogen atom, and a distinctive side group that makes proteins more complex than carbohydrates The reason we need to have proteins in our diets is to give our body’s energy and also help our bodies grow. It also helps regulate the balancing of water and nutrients
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the wheels started to turn. I than found myself asking the question, what is chemistry exactly? Chemistry is the scientific study of interactions of a chemical substance that are constituted of atoms or the subatomic particles that include protons, electrons, and neutrons. Atoms combine the produce molecules or crystals. Chemistry is often called "the central science" because it connects the other natural sciences such as astronomy, physics, material science, biology, and geology. The genesis of chemistry
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INTRODUCTION Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorus are a very important part of all living organisms. These elements combine is various ways to make the molecules that make up biological systems. There are four major molecules (macromolecule) found in living organisms – Carbohydrates, Lipid, Proteins and Nucleic Acids. They all have different chemical properties and can be identified by their functional groups. A chemical test that is sensitive to these functional groups can
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The Grand Design ALSO BY STEPHEN HAWKING A Brief History of Time A Briefer History of Time Black Holes and Baby Universes and Other Essays The Illustrated A Brief History of Time The Universe in a Nutshell FOR CHILDREN George’s Secret Key to the Universe (with Lucy Hawking) George’s Cosmic Treasure Hunt (with Lucy Hawking) ALSO BY LEONARD MLODINOW A Briefer History of Time The Drunkard’s Walk: How Randomness Rules Our Lives Euclid’s Window: The Story of Geometry from Parallel Lines to Hyperspace
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