Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) Facts: On June 7, 1892 Homer Plessy, a biracial man from Louisiana attempted to sit in a first class all-white railroad car. After refusing to remove himself to the black passenger car, Plessy was arrested. Plessy had violated Louisiana’s Separate Cars Act; which required railroad companies to provide separate, but equal accommodations for its Black and White passengers. Procedural History: In the case of Homer Adolph Plessy v. The State of Louisiana, U.S. District Court
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The Brown Vs. Board of Education case started in the 1950's. Linda Brown was denied from a white school in Topeka, Kansas. Her father took the situation to court. He was appealed many times until finally he took it to the Supreme Court where nine justices ruled for him. This was only the beginning for the civil rights movement, because only Linda was allowed in the white school. Soon integration became a law for schools, but not for other workplaces, restaurants, or buses. If it weren't for
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Brown v. Board of Education In 1954, the Supreme Court decided that segregation in school violated the Equal Protection Clause. The Equal Protection Clause protects citizens from several forms of discrimination particularly race and gender. In Brown v. Board of Education, the court argued over whether or not segregation in schools was a violation of this clause. The uproar and division this court case caused was unthinkable. The whole country had its own opinion on the issue. Even with much
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better. As I turned to apologize to her, she had already sprinted halfway down the street. That was the last day I saw Linda. Her and her family moved away because protestors would harass them and stand outside their house. It was not safe for the Browns to stay in this neighborhood. I miss Linda dearly. She was a good friend to me and I just let her walk away with a broken heart. I do hope one day that segregation will come to an end,
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The Brown v. Board of Education case had one of the greatest impacts on history. What was this exactly? In 1951, thirteen Topeka parents supporting 20 of their children filed a class action suit against the Board of Education. They wanted the board to change their policies of racial segregation. The Topeka Board of Education stated, “Districts should maintain different schools for black and white students in many communities.” But on May 17th, 1954 everything changed. The court stated, “Separate
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Less than three months after the decision of Griffin v. County School Board of Prince Edward County, the Warren Court decided that “[t]he Equal Protection Clause demands no less than substantially equal state legislative representation for citizens, of all places as well as of all races” in Reynolds v. Sims. Reynolds v. Sims, like Griffin v. County School Board of Prince Edward County, applied the Equal Protection Clause and showed an expansion of the clause. Not only was it asserted that a State
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Social contract theory is the concept of the agreement between a government state and its citizens. The social contract states that because a state nurtures its citizens, it’s their moral obligation to obey its rules in return. The social contract is defined as “an implicit agreement among the members of a society to cooperate for social benefits, for example by sacrificing some individual freedom for state protection.” (Oxford). Socrates was a prominent Greek philosopher in 300 BC. He described
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Written Case Brief Case Title: Gratz v. Bollinger 2003. The Law: This case involved the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment, Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, and 42 U.S.C. §1981. The Equal Protection Clause says that states must treat every person equally under the law. A state can’t discriminate against a person or a group of people for no good reason (“Bill of Rights Institute...”); there must be a compelling government interest to rationalize any type of discrimination. Title
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CITATION Dixon v. Alabama, 294 F. 2d 150 (5th Cir. 1961) FACT A sit in by four North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University students, which took place on February 1, 1960, was inspiration for 29 black Alabama State College students who went to the Montgomery County Court House lunch counter and attempted to get served. After being denied service, nine of the 29 were then expelled from Alabama State College and the additional 20 were placed on probation. The students were supposedly
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Desegregation or Segregation? The Brown v. Board Supreme Court ruling was made on May 17th, 1954. This Supreme Court case ruled that segregation of races in public schools were unconstitutional and therefore by law. California as part of the United States was no exception to being subjects of this law. Despite the unpopular support, desegregation plans were slowly implemented in the 1960s, as forced appointment of schools based on race was outlawed. Popular support did not prove to be quite supportive
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