RELATIONAL GOVERNANCE FUNCTION AS SUBSTITUTES OR COMPLEMENTS? LAURA POPPO1 * and TODD ZENGER2 1 2 Pamplin College of Business, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, U.S.A. John M. Olin School of Business, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri, U.S.A. Relational exchange arrangements supported by trust are commonly viewed as substitutes for complex contracts in interorganizational exchanges. Many argue that formal contracts actually undermine trust and thereby encourage the opportunistic behavior they
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1080/10286630500411309 GCUL_A_141113.sgm Taylor Article This article argues that arts marketing theory is embedded in the existing context of the nonprofit arts sector – that is, Romantic belief in the universal value of the arts and producer authority over the consumer. As “a set of techniques” and “a decision-making process”, marketing was able to sit comfortably in the nonprofit arts context during the 1970s and 1980s. However, recent recognition of marketing as “a management philosophy” has brought out incompatibilities
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property development company based in United Kingdom. Established as Greensitt Bros during 1958, under Sir Lawrie Barratt it went through rapid expansion throughout 1960 and 1970 and at present Barratt Development PLC is listed on the London Stock Exchange, a constituent of the FTSE 250 index (Barratt Developments PLC. 2009). According to the financial figure published by the company, it holds stock value of 2,105.08 million pounds with operating income of 135 million pounds and net income of 13.8
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reduce it. In recent times, there is reporting of racism in a variety of fields - be it directed against sports persons like Jackie Robinson at a direct level, or indirectly most recently with Serena Williams (Blay); or prevalent in the world of business even in developing economies (Buller). This essay will specifically look at the effect of globalization on racism in today's age, addressing key issues and discussing growing trends. Today,
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understood by a person of a given culture. Discussions are frequently impeded because the two sides seem to be pursuing different paths of logic; in any cross-cultural context, the potential for misunderstanding and talking past each other is great. When one takes the seemingly simple process of negotiations into a cross-cultural context, it becomes even more complex and complications tend to grow exponentially. It is naive indeed to venture into international negotiation with the belief that “after
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IN CHINA: A CONTINGENT EXAMINATION OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES AND THE DUAL DEPRIVATION PATH EXPLANATION W E I H E , L I - R O N G L O N G , A N D B Å R D K U VA A S The present study generalizes previous pay dispersion research to the Chinese context by examining the cross-level relationship between workgroup salary dispersion and employee turnover intention contingent on individual differences. Field survey data including annual objective salary and self-reported attitudes among 370 Chinese
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British…………………………………....2 ii. Communication style of British…………………………3 iii. Relationship between China and British………………..3 III. Differences between your country and chosen country 3 i. Time zone 3 ii. Mode of communication 3 iii. Currency and exchange rate 3 iv. Politics and religions 4 IV. Conclusion 4 V. Reference 5 I. Introduction. i. Introduction of the product Black tea from Yunnan is among the most robust but refined black teas produced in the whole world.Typically
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Tractor Supply Co. and Mills Machines, Inc.’s plans to change their policy of accounting for product recalls. The context of our research associated with these transactions, one undertaken and one planned, are twofold: International standards under IFRS and domestic U.S. standards under U.S. GAAP. Relevant facts: * Tom agrees to purchase Rural Life Supply Co. for $150 million in exchange for: * Assets of Rural Life Supply Co. that include: * Exclusive supplier contract of farming
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mission that the leader has. Whether working in politics, religion, or business, charismatic leaders earn the loyalty of their followers. Moreman and Sandberg (2011) discuss that a followers of a charismatic leader may be loyal to the leader but not to the organization. This is a risk that may cause problems for the organization. If the leaders’ mission and the organizations do not match up, the leader may choose to leave the business. Closely related to charismatic leadership, a transformational
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critically evaluate the various industrial, economic employment relations and ethical factors, which the board will need to consider before deciding whether to move part of their manufacturing operation to China. | | Name & ID: Sharmin Sarna Word count: 2194 | 3/30/2012 | | International Human resource management (IHRM) describes as human resource management issues and problems arising from the internationalisation of business, and the HRM strategies, policies and practices that global
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