Lopez-de-Silanes, Andrei Shleifer and Robert W. Vishny* January 1999 Abstract This paper outlines and tests two agency models of dividends. According to the “outcome” model, dividends are the result of effective pressure by minority shareholders to force corporate insiders to disgorge cash. According to the “substitute” model, insiders interested in issuing equity in the future choose to pay dividends to establish a reputation for decent treatment of minority shareholders. The first model predicts that stronger
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Lopez-de-Silanes, Andrei Shleifer and Robert W. Vishny* January 1999 Abstract This paper outlines and tests two agency models of dividends. According to the “outcome” model, dividends are the result of effective pressure by minority shareholders to force corporate insiders to disgorge cash. According to the “substitute” model, insiders interested in issuing equity in the future choose to pay dividends to establish a reputation for decent treatment of minority shareholders. The first model predicts that stronger
Words: 11836 - Pages: 48
Table of Contents Project Title with group names 1 Executive Summary 4-5 Abstract 6 Introduction about mobiles in India- Statistics 7 World Mobile Statistics 8 GSM – Cellular Telephony 9 Brief History of World Cellular Telephony 10 Cellular History in India 11 New Telecom Policy in India-1999 12-15 GSM System – Technology Used 16 ARPU & Revenue Generation Trends in India 17 About Aircel Cellular Prepaid 18 Aircel Presence 19 Aircel – Brand Values 20 Aircel – Foreign Investor-
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CONTENTS CORPORATE OVERVIEW (1-31) Board of Directors Senior Management Corporate Information Chairman’s Statement Designed to Deliver Product Range Global Presence Milestones Winners From Tata Motors Customer Satisfaction Green Mobility Human Resources Corporate Social Responsibility FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS (32-45) Pace in Performance Summarised Balance Sheet and Statement of Profit and Loss (Standalone & Consolidated) Fund Flow Statement Subsidiary Companies: Financial Highlights Financial Statistics
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Vietnam: risk assessment Sovereign Currency Banking Political Economic Country risk risk sector risk structure risk risk risk June CCC B CCC CCC CCC CCC 2012 Sovereign risk Positive: Although the budget deficit will widen in 2012, rapid nominal economic growth and the recent rise in Vietnam's foreign-exchange reserves will support the fiscal position. Moreover, much of the
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Emerging Trends in Healthcare A Journey from Bench to Bedside 17 February 2011 © 2011 KPMG, an Indian Partnership and a member firm of the KPMG network of independent member firms affiliated with KPMG International Cooperative (“KPMG International”), a Swiss entity. All rights reserved. Acknowledgement India’s competitive advantage lies in the lower production and research cost, its large pool of low cost technical and scientifically trained personnel, and large number of compliance
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ideas by word and image”. Part of this mission, therefore, is to promote freedom of expression and freedom of the press through sensitization and monitoring activities, as a central element in building strong democracies, contributing to good governance, promoting civic participation and the rule of law, and encouraging human development and security. Media independence and pluralism are fostered by the Organization, providing advisory services on media legislation and sensitizing governments
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ANNUAL REPORT 2010 -11 TECHNO_LOGICAL TECHNO_LOGICAL In many ways, satisfying the Indian customer is probably much more challenging than satisfying a customer in another market. The country has an obsession for fuel efficiency, when it comes to choosing automobiles (and rightly so, since about three-fourths of India’s crude oil requirement is imported). Extracting more mechanical energy for the car from every drop of fuel is a designer’s challenge. But it is vital for the consumer, the
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Financial Highlights (In millions, except for per share amounts) Year-end 2011 2010 % B/(W) change Company sales Franchise and license fees and income Total revenues Operating Profit Net Income – Yum! Brands, Inc. Diluted Earnings Per Common Share before Special Items Special Items Earnings Per Common Share (a) (a) $ 10,893 1,733 $ 12,626 $ $ $ $ $ 1,815 1,319 2.87 (0.13) 2.74 2,170 $ 9,783 1,560 11 11 11 3 14 14 NM 15 10 $ 11,343 $ $ $ $ $ 1,769 1,158 2.53 (0.15) 2.38 1,968
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particularly. Executive Summary HBL established operations in Pakistan in 1947 and moved its head office to Karachi Our first international branch was established in Colombo, Sri Lanka in 1951 and Habib Bank Plaza was built in 1972 to commemorate the bank’s 25th Anniversary. HBL has the
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