Chapter 2 Language of Criminal Statues * Pursuant to case law: * Read using the “plain meaning” of the written law * Exception: when common sense or obvious purpose of the legislature dictates a different meaning * In interpreting statues’ wording, defendant is entitled to every reasonable doubt * Words from foreign sources = commonly accepted and understood meaning in our culture Vague and Indefinite Statues 1. Vague – Uncertain, unclear, or ambiguous in character
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Criminology is the scientific study of crime and criminals whereas forensic psychology is the interaction of the study of psychology and the law, it is also a branch of applied psychology which is concerned with the collection, examination and presentation of evidence for judicial purposes (Haward, 1953) furthermore they hold a doctorate degree in a field of psychology. The role of a criminologist is to investigate a variety of reasons to why criminals commit crimes. In order to investigate how these
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Court The only state where the Supreme Court is the lowest is New York Federal Top Level – Supreme Court Middle Level – Circuit Court Lowest Level – District Court Jurisdiction – the power of a court to hear a case The two bottom courts are trial courts and have original jurisdiction Top two have appellate jurisdiction. State jurisdiction 1. Subject –matter jurisdiction (apply to the CT) + (2-5 apply to the person you are suing) 2. Personal jurisdiction – domicile 3and4 relate to
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traditionally divided into substantive and procedural categories. Substantive due process relates to general rights such as freedom of speech and privacy. Procedural due process relates to the right to an attorney, and other specifics associated with the procedures of legal proceedings. Adversarial system The legal system in the United States is known as an adversary system. In the adversarial system, cases are brought before the court and are presented by opposing sides. Both sides argue their cases in
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History of the U.S. Criminal Court System CJA/491 Amy Miller 5-27-2013 Professor Angela Bradrick Introduction This paper will examine the historic development of the American courts. It will define common law heritage and discuss the evolution of American law. It will also discuss, compare, and contrast the evolution of the United States courts, including state vs. federal, and trial vs. appellate courts. Common Law Heritage and the Evolution of American Law Back in the time of medieval
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and one of such dimensions finds in the trial by media. In India trial by media has assumed significant proportions. There are many cases in India where media showed its importance by continuously highlighting it, such as Priyadarshnimatto case, Nitishkatra murder case, Bijaljoshi rape case, Aarushitalwar case, Jessica case etc. Media has now reincarnated itself into a “public court” (jantaadalat). It use to watch out injustice, which has conducted the trial of an accused and passed the own verdict
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Systems Introduction Courts in the United States consist of two systems; the federal courts and state courts. Each state legislature sets up their court system the way they see fit. The different types of courts are district courts, family courts, criminal courts, civil courts, appellate courts, and some states even have traffic courts. The federal government has more authority, yet the federal role tends to have a more narrow approach. The federal court system is more specialized, whereas state courts
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a description of each of the test procedures is followed by an overview of their possible uses, both within and outside the criminal justice system. It is also necessary to gauge the limitations of these techniques. Polygraph Examination The origin of polygraph examination have been traced back to the efforts of Lombroso, a criminologist who experimented with a machine that measured blood pressure and pulse to assess the honesty of persons suspected of criminal conduct. His device was called a
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Criminal Identification procedures in the 21 Century CJA 364 Everything in life evolves and takes another form. Crime is no exception it does the same thing as well. Crime is changing in the modern world we live in today and criminals are more sophisticated and intelligent then before. The computer world has brought many technological advancements and even the criminal justice system has benefit from it. One of the most useful gifts that was given to the system was fingerprint
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Abstract The aim of this dissertation, which is based on secondary research involving analysing a range of books, journal articles, Government publications, newspaper articles and videos, is to critically examine the position of the victim in the criminal justice system. The paper looks at the role of political interests in establishing victimfocus policies and the direction towards their placement at the heart of the justice system. This includes the managerialistic values, modernization of the
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