Using material from item A and elsewhere, assess the usefulness of sub cultural theories in explaining “sub cultural crime and deviance” in society. Functionalist sociologists adopt a normative definition to explain crime and deviance. They categorise it as something which breaks off from or violates social norms. This means that there is an assumption that society is based on value consensus and thus laws reflect the interests and views of the majority of the population. On the other hand critical
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Important terms from sociology related to crime: 1. Aggression: it is hostile, injurious, or destructive intended behavior directed towards harming or injuring another person or persons. Aggression results from anger, frustration, or even provocation. It can be expressed physically or communicated verbally or non-verbally through negative body language. There are two forms of aggression, hostile aggression- aggression that stems from angry feelings example a child throws a temper tantrum after
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matter how deviant their acts are (McIntyre 2014). When people who are guilty of a crime are taken to jail and put into a trial, they typically deny the fact that they did the crime, but when they are “proven” that they had committed the crime they would typically justify it. In some cases, some offenders would establish as their crime as necessary (Benson 2014). This usually happens when they are aware of their act but they want to justify it with other facts to make it seem less deviant. According
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to sex-role stereotypes pervades the trials, sentencing’s, and media reactions to women who receive the death penalty” (Keitner, 2002). Often, women who face the death penalty are portrayed in a negative light, for example, they are portrayed as deviant and/or unwomanly by the media. The media tends to focus on gender stereotypes, such as the notion that women are and should be having more virtuously than men and aspects that are not related to the crime and/or charge. In doing this, the media reinforces
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whilst using the drugs, was picked up by the media as criminal and deviant activity. Agents of social control such as the police responded by arresting and labelling the group and ‘junkies’. Therefore, the activity has grown in numbers as the acceptance of the label has become a part of their self-fulfilling prophecy, or, as stated by Lemert, their secondary deviance. Therefore the role of the media led to the labelling of the deviant subculture which resulted in its growth, through
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and universal. Every society has crime. Two reasons why crime and deviance are in all societies: - No everyone is equally socialized into norms and values. Some are likely to be deviant. - Diversity of lifestyle and values. Different groups have their own subcultures with distinctive norms and values. Some may see deviant acts as normal. > Durkheim says in modern societies there is tendency towards anomie. The rules for behaviour become weaker and less clear-cut. This is because modern societies
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Different groups develop their own subcultures with distinctive norms and values, so what a subculture sees as normal may be seen as deviant in mainstream society. In complex modern societies, there is a diversity of lifestyles and values. Different groups develop their own subcultures with distinctive norms and values, so what a subculture sees as normal may be seen as deviant in mainstream society. In modern society there is a tendency towards anomie/normlessness – the rules governing behaviour become
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crime will be provided. Along with information regarding the individual and their criminal deviance particular to them, a discussion will ensue in regard to which of the four theories would be most relevant in regard to further explanation of the deviant actions committed by the individual. Social Theories of Crime Introduction In the annals of the early nineteenth century, criminology can find its beginnings in a newly urbanized and industrialized nation among contemporary theorists
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Slide 1 No act is inherently deviant. It depends on 4 factors: time, place, consequence, identity of victim/offender How you perceive yourself is strongly based on how others perceive you Your interactions with others shape who you are. Master – the role that defines who you are (eg. CEO) Self fulfilling prophecy – you embrace what others label you Driving While Black Study (New Jersey)– study to see if blacks are pulled over or arrested more, to see if there is an official or de facto
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centred view of environmental crime. This is generally adopted by he nation states and transnational corporations who assume that humans have the right to dominate the natural environment. This implies that the damage is not a crime, or even a deviant action as humans believe they have the right to partake in productivity, whether there are manufactured risks or not. Ecocentric harm on the other hand sees humans and their environment as inter-dependent and that environmental harm hurts humans
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