24-Cost of equity capital=(current annual dividend per common share/current market price per common share)+expected dividend growth rate;Payback period=initial investment/annual operating cash flows; Accting rate of return on initial invest= average annual increase in NI/initial investment;Accting rate of return on average investment=average annual increase in NI/Average investment; 23-ROI=invested center income/investment asset base;ROI=investement turnover{[sales/investment center asset base]}
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in Benetton to attain a target income from operations of €300 million? 5. Compute Benetton's margin of safety using data from 2003 and 2004. Why do your answers fro the two years differ from one another? 6. What is Benetton's degree of operating leverage in 2004? If Benetton's sales in 2004 had been 6% higher than what is shown in the annual report, what income from operations would the company have earned? What percentage increase in income from operations does this represent? 7. What income from
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sales = fixed expenses / CM ratio Break-even dollar sales = 5,500 / .25 Break-even dollar sales = 22,000 5-9 1) Degree of operating leverage: Contribution margin / net operating income 36,000 / 12,000 = 3 2) Estimate the Impact on net operating income of a 10% increase: Percent change in net operating income = degree of operating leverage * percent change in sales Percent change in net operating income = 3 * 10% = 30% 3) Construct a new contribution format income statement
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Operating Leverage What Does Operating Leverage Mean? A measurement of the degree to which a firm or project incurs a combination of fixed and variable costs. (1) A business thathas limited sales, with each sale providing a very high gross margin, is said to be highly leveraged. A business that makesmany sales, with each sale contributing a very low margin, is said to be less leveraged. As the volume of sales in a businessincreases, each new sale contributes less to fixed costs and more to profitability
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= 150,000 Net income will increase by RM 45,000. c) i. Degree of operating leverage = Contribution margin Net operating income = 240,000 60,000 = 4 ii. With an operating leverage of 4, if the president expect that sales to increase by 20%, net operating income would increase by 80%.
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Pioneer Petroleum is a multinational corporation that is in position to capitalize on investments all around the World. Within the industry Pioneer’s gasoline are among the cleanest burning fuels. They are better position than most to meet strict environmental guidelines as they currently have clean efficient running plants positioned to capitalize on less polluted products. Also Pioneer Petroleum is heavily involved in exploration and devilment. From 1924 to the present, pioneer has been able
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prepare the components in such a sequence? The Sequence for a master budget is as follows: A production budget, purchases budget, personnel budget, direct labor budget, overhead budget, selling and administrative budget, capital budget, and budgeted financial statements. Using this sequence to create a master budget a manager has assistance to align activities and resources allocations with organizational goals; it’s a vehicle to promote employee participation, cooperation, and department coordination
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what is the break-even point in bags b. calculate the profit of loss on 12,000 bags and on 25,000 bags. c. what is the degree of operating leverage change as the quantity sold increases? d. If healthy foods has an annual interest expense of $10,000, calculate the degree of financial leverage at both 20,000 and 25,000 bags e. what is the degree of combined leverage at both sales levels. A. What is the break even point in bags. The break even point in bags will equal the fixed cost divided by the
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Financial analysis at Emirate Airlines Fly emirates has developed to one of the world greatest airline. The airline is based in Gulf region but is a multinational company with operations covering the whole globe. The company has gone through difficult times in terms of finances but has financed most of capital through debt equity. In this financial analysis we use financial statements from the company’s official documents. Ratio analyses has been found to be one of the most effective instruments
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American Finance Association Limited Arbitrage in Equity Markets Author(s): Mark Mitchell, Todd Pulvino, Erik Stafford Source: The Journal of Finance, Vol. 57, No. 2 (Apr., 2002), pp. 551-584 Published by: Blackwell Publishing for the American Finance Association Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2697750 Accessed: 08/01/2010 15:26 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms
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