Martin Neil Baily Douglas J. Elliott The Brookings Institution July 11, 2013 The Role of Finance in the Economy: Implications for Structural Reform of the Financial Sector Executive Summary The U.S. financial system is critical to the functioning of the economy as a whole and banks are central to the financial system. In addition to providing substantial employment, finance serves three main purposes: Credit provision. Credit fuels economic activity by allowing businesses to invest beyond
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FINANCIAL ENVIRONMENT Components of Financial Environment Financial environment consists of three main components * Financial Managers who determine how to invest a firm’s funds to capitalize on potential opportunities. They also determine how to obtain the funds needed to finance their respective firms’ investments. * Financial Markets that facilitate the flow of funds from the suppliers of funds to firms or governments who need funds. Financial institutions serve as intermediaries
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Chapter 15: Understanding Accounting and Financial Statements Introduction The purpose of this chapter is to identify some of the concepts of Understanding Accounting and Financial Statements in the business world. Learning objectives 1. Explain the functions of accounting, and identify the three basic activities involving accounting. 2. Describe he roles played by public, management, government, and not-for-profit accountants. 3. Identify the foundations of the accounting system
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TERMINOLOGY 1. Option: In finance, an option is a derivative financial instrument that specifies a contract between two parties for a future transaction on an asset at a reference price. The buyer of the option gains the right, but not the obligation, to engage in that transaction, while the seller incurs the corresponding obligation to fulfill the transaction. • American Option: American option is the option that can be exercised anytime during its life. The majority of exchange-traded
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CHAPTER 1 REVIEW MONEY, BANKING AND FINANCIAL MARKETS STEPHEN CECHETTI The Six Parts of a Financial System 1. Money Money is the start of the financial system and the means for making purchases. Accumulating money is a determining factor in defining wealth. Those who store more money are wealthier than those who do not. The consistency of money has a tendency to morph based on changes in the financial system and technology. 2. Financial Instruments Financial instruments are also known as securities
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Financial Crisis Introduction In recent decades, financial crises have stopped the momentum of economic development of many countries around the world. In some cases, they have destroyed almost completely different financial systems. The term financial crisis is applied broadly to a variety of situations in which some financial assets suddenly lose a large part of their nominal value. In the 19th and early 20th centuries, many financial crises were associated with banking panics, and many recessions
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major factors driving change in the financial system and identifies some of their implications. The key regulatory challenges posed by these developments are examined in more detail in later chapters. Material presented in this chapter represents preliminary observations of the Inquiry and will be refined and amended as necessary for the Final Report. 3.2 Four key factors driving change are: globalisation; ¾ technology; ¾ consumer needs and demands; and ¾ financial innovation. ¾ 3.3 While this chapter
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PHILIPPINES “FINANCIAL MARKET” IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS IN ECON. 101(ECONOMIC W/ TAXATION & LANDREFORM) SUBMITTED TO: MR. ANDASIL J. ABUBAKAR, M (PHIL) “Instructor” SUBMITTED BY: GROUP 1 STUDENTS 1st semester/ A.Y 2012-2013 PART 1- FINANCIAL MARKET INTRODUCTION Throughout his text, Mishkin
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Current financial statements of financial institutions are combinations of values derived from fair-value, cost-basis, depreciation, amortisation, impairment and other accounting standards. During the past two decades, there has been considerable interest in the reporting by financial institutions of the fair values of their financial instruments either as complements or substitutes for historical book value. The generally accepted accounting definition of “fair value” is based on the rule FASB Statement
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Capital Market and Money Markets A financial market that works as a conduit for demand and supply of debt and equity capital. It channels the money provided by savers and depository institutions like banks, credit unions, and insurance companies among others, to borrowers and investees through a variety of financial instruments like bonds, notes, and shares that are referred to as securities. A capital market is not a compact unit, but a highly decentralized system made up of three major parts:
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