* Lifespan development is the field tha examine pattern of growth, change, and stability in behavior. (womb to tomb) * Major topical Areas (Physical Dev., Cognitive Dev., Personality Dev., Social Dev.) * Physical- Body and the brain. * Cognitive- Growth and behavior * Personality- Stability and change * Social- interaction and relationships grow * Cultural factors and developmental diversity * Broad factors * Orientation toward individualism or
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Psychologists' Compare And Contrast – Jean Piaget & Sigmund Freud Similarities and differences Jean Piaget was a philosopher and developmental Swiss psychologist who is widely known for the epistemology studies relating children. Piaget’s theory of epistemology and cognitive development are both referred to as genetic epistemology. Jean Piaget’s specific concern was on cognitive or intellectual development of a child and manner in which minds progress and process
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(1896-1980), carried out case studies on his own children to study the stages of cognitive development. Piaget concluded that the child was an organism which adapts to the environment, he also studied with the opinion that all children went through the same set stages of development and that there were no individual differences. Piagets? Stages of Development: - The Sensorimotor stage, (0-2): - Early in the sensorimotor stage the child is entirely egocentric, everything is an extension to the self
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Infancy (birth to 1 year) * Physical development * Reflexes: * Rooting reflex: The rooting reflex is present at birth; it assists in breastfeeding, disappearing at around four months of age as it gradually comes under voluntary control. * Sucking reflex: The sucking reflex is common to all mammals and is present at birth. It is linked with the rooting reflex and breastfeeding, and causes the child to instinctively suck at anything that touches the roof of their mouth and suddenly
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information but you realize you are wrong by learning something about it. 12. Sensorimotor stage Infants learn about what they can do by following their senses. When a child touch or hear something. 13. Preoperational stage the child does not think logically ideas, the child is influenced by his surroundings. When you tell a child to no do something they won't understand you. 14. Concrete operational stage children start to think reasonable about what they can see. It’s like only believing what you
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to pursue during a future period. The planning function spans all levels of management. Top managers are involved in strategic planning that sets board, long-range goals for an organization. These goals become the basis for short-range, annual operational planning; during which top and middle managers determine specific departmental objectives that will help the organization makes progress toward the broader, long-range goals. Organizing In this function it typically follows planning and reflects
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Jurczak (1997), Piaget believed in four stages of cognitive development: • Stage 1: Sensorimotor – Newborn to Age 2 The child’s primary concern is mastering his own innate physical reflexes and extending them into interesting or pleasurable actions. During this time, the child becomes aware of himself as a distinct and separate physical entity. He also realizes the objects around him have a separate existence. • Stage 2: Preoperational - Age 2 to 7 In this stage, a child learns to represent objects
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development, and offering an explanation to how heredity and the environment produce differences in overall development. The study of human development centers on how a person changes over a lifetime. A person starts life with the birth stage, and then moves through infancy, adolescence and puberty, adulthood, and finishes with death (Berger, 2008). Berger (2008) describes these changes as being linear, gradual, predictable, and sometimes steady. During their life spans, humans learn
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Lecture 11 Notes: 1) (a) Mere exposure, even in great quantities, DOES NOT necessarily lead to substantial declarative knowledge that would allow us to remember seemingly obvious facts (b) Brady et al suggests that when people pay close attention, even one exposure is sufficient to recognize, non obvious information. 2) a) Recall is coming up with information about a memory when given a cue to that memory, like imagining what a penny is like when someone asks you to imagine a penny
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|CONTENTS | |KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION AND DECISION |2 | |ASSESSING KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION NEEDS |3 | |INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL SOURCES OF INFORMATION
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