Chapter 17 Outline Procter & Gamble in Japan: from Marketing Failure to Success Introduction The Globalization of Markets? Market Segmentation Product Attributes Cultural Differences Economic Differences Product and Technical Standards Distribution Strategy A Typical Distribution System Differences between Countries Choosing a Distribution Strategy Communication Strategy Barriers to International Communication Push versus Pull Strategies Global Advertising Pricing Strategy Price
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JUNOT DÍAZ RIVERHEAD BOOKS a member of Penguin Group (USA) Inc. New York 2012 RIVERHEAD BOOKS Published by the Penguin Group Penguin Group (USA) Inc., 375 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014, USA • Penguin Group (Canada), 90 Eglinton Avenue East, Suite 700, Toronto, Ontario M4P 2Y3, Canada (a division of Pearson Penguin Canada Inc.) • Penguin Books Ltd, 80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL, England • Penguin Ireland, 25 St Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2, Ireland (a division of Penguin Books Ltd)
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本章学习目的 4 当你学完本章后, 应该能够做到以下几点: (1) 阐述市场营销信息系统的概念, 理解获得信息的必要性, 以及掌 握收集、处理和传送信息的方法。 (2) 概述市场营销研究过程, 包括确认问题和研究目标, 制定研究计 划。 (3) 讨论原始数据的收集计划、研究计划的执行, 以及研究结果的报 告与说明等几项重点工作。 当邓肯·布莱克和阿朗卓·德克尔在 1910 年开设他们的第一家工具商店时, 手提电 动工具还在发明之中。当时典型的工业电钻是一个 50 磅重的笨家伙, 需要两个人来操纵, 并由第三个人控制电源。布莱克和德克尔发现人们需要小巧轻便的工具, 便设计了一种具 有革新意义的工具, 这种工具有一个小马达和手枪式的握柄及扳机开关。当然今天这一切 已经成为历史, 最初的 B&D 牌( Black & Decker) 手提钻被保存在史密斯尼恩学院的美国 历史国家博物馆中, B&D 公司也已经成为手提电动工具市场的领导者。 B&D 公司把一切归功于为了解消费者所做的那些不懈的努力。1991 年, 通过市场研 究公司发现了一个被忽略的电动工具子市场, 这就是自己动手进行大型复杂家庭装修工
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MANAGEMENT CONTROL SYSTEMS Performance Measurement, Evaluation and Incentives Second Edition Kenneth A, Merchant University of Southern California Wim A. Van der Stede London School of Economics Lffir Prentice Hall FINANCIAL Th,tES An impriil of P Harlow, England . London ' eatson Education New York . Boston . san Francisco . Toronlo Sydney. Tokyo . Singapore. Hong Kong .Seoul. Taipei. New Delhi Cape Town . Madrid . Mexico City . Amsterdam ' Munich . Paris. Mian
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fundamentals of cost accounting fourth edition William N. Lanen Shannon W. anderson Michael W. Maher ® accounting The integrated solutions for Lanen/Anderson/Maher’s Fundamentals of Cost Accounting, 4e have been proven to help you achieve your course goals of improving student readiness, enhancing student engagement, and increasing their comprehension of content. Known for its clear and engaging style, the Lanen solution employs the use of real-world scenarios, LearnSmart, and instant
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WILEY & SONS, INC. www.it-ebooks.info VICE PRESIDENT & PUBLISHER EXECUTIVE EDITOR ASSISTANT EDITOR PRODUCTION MANAGER PRODUCTION ASSISTANT EXECUTIVE MARKETING MANAGER ASSISTANT MARKETING MANAGER MARKETING ASSISTANT DESIGN DIRECTOR SENIOR DESIGNER SENIOR MEDIA EDITOR George Hoffman Lise Johnson Carissa Doshi Dorothy Sinclair Matt Winslow Amy Scholz Carly DeCandia Alana Filipovich Jeof Vita Arthur Medina Allison Morris This book was set in 10/12 New Caledonia by Aptara®, Inc. and printed
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Kotler Custom Edition for University of Phoenix Excerpts taken from: A Framework for Marketing Management, by Philip Kotler Copyright © 2001by Prentice-Hall, Inc. A Pearson Education Company Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 Marketing Management Millenium Edition, Tenth Edition, by Philip Kotler Copyright © 2000 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher. Compilation Copyright
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other countries. Screen shots and icons reprinted with permission from the Microsoft Corporation. This book is not sponsored or endorsed by or affiliated with the Microsoft Corporation. Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2008, 2006, 2003 Pearson Education, Inc.,
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Kelly Simmons Marissa Carroll Harry Nolan Allison Morris Janis Soo Joel Balbin Eugenia Lee Kenji Ngieng This book was set in 10/12 New Caledonia by Aptara®, Inc. and printed and bound by Courier/Westford. The cover was printed by Courier/Westford. This book is printed on acid-free paper. Founded in 1807, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. has been a valued source of knowledge and understanding for more than 200 years, helping people around the world meet their needs and fulfill their aspirations.
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and other countries. Screen shots and icons reprinted with permission from the Microsoft Corporation. This book is not sponsored or endorsed by or affiliated with the Microsoft Corporation. Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2008, 2006, 2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, One Lake Street,
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