In this experiment, a Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction was performed. This reaction was performed with 1,3-cyclopentadiene and maleic anhydride. The 1,3-cyclopentadiene was obtained by cracking dicyclopentadiene. The Diels-Alder reaction resulted in 2.0881 grams of clear white crystals, which were confirmed to be cis-norbornene-5,6-endo-dicarboxylicacid anhydride. This amount determined a percent yield of 83.16 %. The percent yield is only 83.16 % because some product was lost during vacuum filtration
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LAMP reaction The LAMP reaction was performed by using Loopamp DNA amplification kit, Eiken chemical CO., LTD., JAPAN. The 2X reaction mix composed of 40 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.8), 20 mM MgSO4, 16 mM (NH4)2SO4, 0.2% Tween 20, 1.6 M Betaine and 2.8 mM dNTPs each. The LAMP reaction was optimized by incorporating different concentrations of primers and temperature. The LAMP reaction of total 25µl volume consisted of 2X reaction mixture (12.5µl), 2.0 μM FIP and BIP; 0.8 μM LF and LB; 0.2 μM F3 and B3 each
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Ependymin, a secretory glycoprotein that relates to long-term memory, had only been found in vertebrate species. The protein was proposed to be vertebrate-specific molecules that explain the evolution of the chordate nervous system (Landers et al., 2001; Venter et al., 2001; Ponting and Russell, 2002). Yet the gene that relates Ependymin were found in sea cucumber Holothuria glaberrima in the experiment, which was not found from invertebrates before. Using cDNA synthesis and analysis by common
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Introduction Tyrosinase is an enzyme that controls the production of melanin, which is a pigment found in plants, animals, bacteria and fungi. Both tyrosinase and melanin is found in nearly all cells. Melanin is especially important in determining the skin and hair color of mammalians. It is synthesized by an array of oxidative reactions of the amino acid tyrosine when tyrosinase is present (Kim, Y. & Uyama, H., 2005). Tyrosine is first hydroxylated into dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA), which is then
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Hello, I’m oxygen particle but you can call me Oxy, and today I’ll be taking you on an exclusive tour through the human body where we will meet many of my important friends, in relation to the Respiratory System. To start off with today, we will enter the human body as air through my friend, Nostril. Nostril has an important job to do; it’s up to Nostril to give the tour groups of oxygen particles a warm welcome, by filtering and removing larger unwanted particles and moistening them with his tiny
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The data I will collect, is the moles and grams for each unknown compound, calculate the g/mol for the unknown compounds, and calculate the molar mass for the known compounds. To identify the unknown compounds, we first weighed all seven of the unknown bags. To find the weight of the unknown compound in the bag, we first subtracted the weight of the bag by first weighing an empty bag and pressing the zero button to zero out the weight of each for the seven unknown compounds. The mol of each unknown
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Discussion: The method by which the mass of a single object was calculated in part 1, is similar in many ways to the method by which the elementary charge was calculated in part 2. Once the relevant data set was either collected or calculated it was first ordered from greatest to least. Next, the first differences between consecutively ordered masses/charges were determined. Thirdly, first differences that were significantly closer to zero than the rest were removed from the data set. Fourthly
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ACTIVITY: UNDERSTANDING ELECTRONIC CONFIGURATION, VALENCE AND VALENCE ELECTRONS. You are provided three necklace chains with 17 beads and one button. Consider the necklace chain as shells, beads as electrons and button as nucleus. You have to fill the electron shells around nucleus by putting these 17 beads into the three necklace chains around button following the Bohr-Burry and Octet Rule. Identify the element, its electronic configuration, valency and number of valence electrons. QUESTIONS AND
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Analysis of a Chemical Reaction Procedure Questions: What do you observe? We observed a white, chalky precipitate forming in the limewater test tube. What does this result indicate? This result indicates that carbon dioxide gas was formed by heating the test tube of NaHCO3. What did you observe in the test tube that you heated? We observed the condensation of water vapour on the mouth of the heated test tube. What does this indicate? This result indicates that water molecules were formed during
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Background: The Disappearing Spoon written by Sam Kean, informs readers about the importance of the periodic table and how it is important than what people really believe. In this book he talks about how the periodic table is not a table with numbers and letters. It is full of stories and interesting facts, which makes it standout. This book is more likely written for science and chemistry student and can not leave out the outstanding teachers for example Mrs. Nix. Summary: The reason Sam Kean
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