International Macroeconomics1 Stephanie Schmitt-Groh´2 e April 26, 2013 Mart´ Uribe3 ın 1 The seeds for this manuscript were lecture notes taken by Alberto Ramos in a course on International Finance that Mike Woodford taught at the University of Chicago in the Winter of 1994. 2 Columbia University. E-mail: stephanie.schmittgrohe@columbia.edu. 3 Columbia University. E-mail: martin.uribe@columbia.edu. ii Contents 1 Global Imbalances 1.1 Balance-of-Payments Accounting . . . . . .
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This chapter begins with a discussion of the meaning and importance of economics. In this first chapter, however, we will not plunge into problems and issues; instead we consider some important preliminaries. We first look at the economic perspective—how economists think about problems. Next, we state some of the benefits of studying economics. Then, we examine the specific methods economists use to examine economic behavior and the economy, distinguishing between macroeconomics and microeconomics.
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Asia •••••••••••••••••••••• 09 I N T E R N A T I O N A L M O N E T A R Y F MAY U N D ©2009 International Monetary Fund Cataloging-in-Publication Data Regional economic outlook : Middle East and Central Asia. – [Washington, D.C.] : International Monetary Fund, 2009. p. ; cm. – (World economic and financial surveys, 0258-7440) ISBN 978-1-58906-842-1 “MAY09.” Includes bibliographical references. 1. Economic forecasting
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Study Why have some countries experienced rapid growth in incomes over the past century while others stay mired in poverty? Why do some countries have high rates of inflation while others maintain stable prices? Why do all countries experience recessions and depressions—recurrent periods of falling incomes and rising unemployment—and how can government policy reduce the frequency and severity of these episodes? Macroeconomics, the study of the economy as a whole, attempts to answer these and many related
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Solutions for exchange rate policy of transition economy of Vietnam Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades Doktor der Wirtschaftswissenschaft (Doctor rerum politicarum, Dr. rer. pol.) der Juristischen und Wirtschaftswissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg vorgelegt von M.A. Mai Thu Hien geb. am 23. August 1976 in Hanoi, Vietnam Gutachter: 1. Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Rüdiger Pohl, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg 2. Prof. Dr. Martin Klein, Martin-Luther-Universität
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the gold standard. Definition In a strict sense, foreign-exchange reserves should only include foreign currency deposits and bonds. However, the term in popular usage commonly also adds gold reserves, special drawing rights (SDRs), and International Monetary Fund (IMF) reserve positions. This broader figure is more readily available, but it is more accurately termed official international reserves or international reserves. Foreign Exchange reserves are called Reserve Assets in the Balance of
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people outside the organization. Financial accountancy is governed not only by local standards but also by international accounting standard. 2. Role of Financial Accounting: • Financial accounting generates some key documents, which includes profit and loss account, patterning the method of business traded for a specific period and the balance sheet that provides a statement, showing mode of trade in business for a specific period. • It records financial transactions showing both the inflows and outflows
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INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS OPERATIONS Need for International Business International Business is important and necessary because economic isolationism is today impossible. Failure to become part of the global market assures a country of declining economic influence and deteriorating standard of living for its citizens. Successful participation in international business promises improved quality of life and a better society leading to a more peaceful world. Most people are likely, on individual levels
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III.1 Exchange Rate and Inflation III.2 Exchange Rate and Economic Growth III.3 Exchange Rate and Money Supply Chapter IV The Changes in Output, Prices and Money, and Information Content of Monetary Aggregates and Exchange Rates IV.1 Information Content and Model Specifications IV.2 Estimation Results and Interpretation IV.2.1 The Conventional VAR Models IV.2.2 The VAR Models with Error Correction Terms from Co-integrations Chapter V The Impacts of The Changes in the Exchange Rate on
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Study Why have some countries experienced rapid growth in incomes over the past century while others stay mired in poverty? Why do some countries have high rates of inflation while others maintain stable prices? Why do all countries experience recessions and depressions—recurrent periods of falling incomes and rising unemployment—and how can government policy reduce the frequency and severity of these episodes? Macroeconomics, the study of the economy as a whole, attempts to answer these and many related
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