Introduction Centrifugation is a process used to separate or concentrate materials suspended in a liquid medium. The theoretical basis of this technique is the effect of gravity on particles (including macromolecules) in suspension. Two particles of different masses will settle in a tube at different rates in response to gravity. Centrifugal force (measured as xg, times gravity) is used to increase this settling rate in an instrument called centrifuge. Centrifuges are devices used in a variety
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Macromolecules Review Worksheet for H Biology Part A. Classify each as a carbohydrate, protein, or lipid. 1. carbohydrate | Starch | 9. carbohydrate | Polysaccharide | 2. lipid | Cholesterol | 10. lipid | Phospholipid | 3. lipid | Steroid | 11. neither, but is a key component of a lipid | Glycerol | 4. carbohydrate | Glycogen | 12. carbohydrate | Monosaccharide | 5. protein | enzyme | 13. carbohydrate | Cellulose |
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1.1 Compare the ultra structure of a prokaryotic and a eukaryotic cell. ANSWER: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic organisms: are composed of cells, the basic unit of life, with each cell surrounded by a cell membrane while membranes are composed of phospholipids, proteins and carbohydrates arranged in a fluid mosaic structure. The main different between the both cell organism is nucleus: Prokaryotic cells are smaller and simpler organisms without no nucleus but most are unicellular, while eukaryotic
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asddsaProteins (/ˈproʊˌtiːnz/ or /ˈproʊti.ɨnz/) are large biomolecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within living organisms, including catalyzing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, responding to stimuli, and transporting molecules from one location to another. Proteins differ from one another primarily in their sequence of amino acids, which is dictated by the nucleotide sequence of their genes, and
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and release retinoic acid which are responsible for the formation of secondary septation. These cells are the major contributors of the extracellular matrix macromolecules. In-vitro bioassay models have been made to understand the repair mechanism of mesenchymal cells. Fibroblasts, type of mesenchymal cell, produces the extracellular macromolecule fibronectin which mediates the interaction between cells and extracellular
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Electrons 4. How many atoms compromise 99.5% of protoplasm Six 5. The atoms in the previous questions are important because they are Unstable 6. Stability of atoms is a function of their electron arrangement True 7. How many types of macromolecules are required to produce a life form Four 8. The most important atom in biological systems because of its structure is Carbon 9. The most abundant molecule (70%) Water 10. Level of organization at which life first appears Cells
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Booknotes Ch 6.3-7 Nucleus: Nucleus contains most genes in eukaryotic cells. Nuclear envelope- encloses nucleus, separating contents from cytoplasm *double membrane *perforated by pores Nuclear Lamina- netlike array of protein filaments. Mechanically supports nuclear envelope to keep its shape. Nuclear Matrix- framework of fibers extending through nucleus Chromosomes- carry genetic information. (DNA) Chromatin- material making up chromosomes. *DNA+Proteins Nucleolus- mass of density
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1/13/15 Period 4 Chapter 2: The Chemistry of Life 1. What accounts for water’s properties of adhesion and cohesion? Two hydrogen’s of water are covalently bound to oxygen, which means they share electrons. 1. Explain the 4 groups of macromolecules. What are each composed of? What are the monomers and polymers involved with each? How does your body use them? Carbohydrates are compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. Lipids are made up of carbon and hydrogen atoms. Nucleic
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UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN FOUNDATION IN SCIENCE SESSION 2015/10 1 TUTORIAL MOLECULAR GENETICS I FHSC1234 MODERN BIOLOGY Instructor’s Guide: 1. Standard answers are not encouraged. Discuss with the students and lead them to the correct answer. 2. Allow and push the students to express and explain the answers, at the same time, correct their mistakes or concepts. 3. If the tutorial questions are not yet covered in the lecture, it should be carried forward to the next tutorial
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Organelles are components of eukaryotic cells, which act as functional units. A simple eukaryotic cell comprises of many organelles such as the mitochondria, vacuole, or nucleus. These organelles are responsible for the preservation of the cells function and vitality. Each organelle is dutiful to a specific role essential to the cell, and thus the greater organism. However, which of these organelles is the greatest contributor to cell vitality is widely debatable. Fundamentally, there is one organelle
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