cottonseed oil, and a concentrated solution of sodium hydroxide are the principal reactants. Ethanol is used in this experiment to serve as a common solvent for the reactants and hence speed up the reaction. The soap‐making reaction is called saponification. However, the saponification reaction is not used in the commercial soap‐making operations of today. The sodium salts of the long‐chain fatty acids are typical surface‐active agents. They have a polar end which is hydrophilic (water l
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BMW 6HP19 – 6HP21 Transmission fluid level procedures A) Transmissions fluid level checking. 1) The transmission fluid temperature must be between 30°C and 35°C before checking can begin. Use test equipment to determine the trans temperature. 2) The vehicle must be level with engine running at idle speed and air conditioning turned on. 3) Step on the brakes firmly, apply parking brake fully and shift to D and R, briefly pausing in each position before shifting back to the Park position.
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In our lab we tested the affect of different temperatures and acidity levels of water on the speed of the reaction of the Alka-Seltzer tablet. My hypothesis for the lab on how different temperatures or amounts of acid affect the reaction time of Alka-Seltzer tablets was, "If Alka-Seltzer reaction is related to temperature or acidity of water, then the warmer the water the faster the reaction." I support this hypothesis because when looking
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The rate of a chemical reaction can be raised by temperature, concentration of solutions, catalysts, etc. Increasing the surface area of a solid reactant is one way the rate of reaction can be sped up. If the surface area is increased, then more particles are exposed to reactants, there are more collisions, and these two variables overall speed up the rate of reaction. (BBC, 2014) A solid that is found in a solution can only react when particles collide with the surface area of the solid. When the
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and then fully described by Hartmuth Kolb, Sharpless, and M.G. Finn. A desirable click reaction should fulfill the criteria including modular, wide in scope, high chemical yields, stereospecific, simple to perform, simple reaction conditions, inoffensive byproducts, physiologically stable, readily accessible reagents, and easily removable or benign solvents etc. It was identified that several types of reactions can satisfy these prerequisites, such as addition to carbon-carbon multiple bond (e.g.
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Discussion- During this experiment one of the first steps could be the root for error. In order to allow the Hydrochloric Acid to reach the zinc interior of the penny, three indentions had to be filed into the penny, through the copper shell.This action allows for the significant loss of copper. Because when the penny is filed, it is only filed until the zinc interior could be seen which leaves a slight impact on weight, but a stronger impact on the amount of copper. For such a specific experiment
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A Grignard-Like Organic Reaction The Synthesis of 1-phenyl-3-buten-1-ol Introduction The Grignard reaction is an important synthetic process by which a new carbon to carbon bond is formed. Magnesium metal is first reacted with an organic halide forming the Grignard reagent. The Grignard reaction is the addition of an organomagnesium halide (Grignard reagent) to a ketone or aldehyde, to form a tertiary or secondary alcohol, respectively. For example, the reaction with formaldehyde leads to
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chemical reactions and changes. Let’s talk about some of the physical and chemical properties. Physical properties can be observed or measured without changing the composition of the matter. The beaver’s log had the following physical properties. It was shaped like a cylinder with pointed ends, brown and rough. The beaver ate the bark and the soft tissue in order to receive nourishment. Chemical properties of matter describe its “potential” to undergo some chemical change or reaction by virtue
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blood types of donors. After hundreds of deaths due to clotting, a mandatory lab test was issued. Later on in the war when labs were not available, a few CC's of blood would be injected into the patient's arm. After a few minutes, if there was no reaction, the full blood transfusion would be carried out. For a while, only blood type O was collected into a "Rous-Turner glucose-citrate solution ... and stored in an icebox." (The Educational Broadcasting Corporation). The blood would be stored for up
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= 21807.69 Using Arrhenius equation, m = - Ea8.314 J/Kmol 21807.69 = - Ea8.314 J/Kmol Ea = 181 kJ/mol Question 4 (a) Rate of reaction of NO is second order. Rate of reaction of H2 is first order. Total rate of reaction = third order. (b) If [NO] is doubled, the rate of reaction quadruples. (c) If [H2] is halved, the rate of reaction is halved. Question 5 Initial concentration = Ao Final concentration = A Time, t = 65s – 45s = 20s Use ln A = -kt + ln Ao ln
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