. Peroxidase (PO) Peroxidases is a multipurpose stress sensitive enzyme (Thakker et al., 2013) that catalyses the oxidation of variety of substrates, mainly hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The H2O2-dependent reaction catalyzed by Peroxidases results into the condensation of phenolics to lignins (Thakker et al., 2013), thereby removing the toxic H2O2 from tissues (Lebeda et al., 1999). The key function of PO is lignin biosynthesis (Bruce & West, 1989) in plants. Lignins add strength to the cell wall creating
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Fig 2.1 schematically shows how the theories proposed regarding electric double layer capacitors have changed over time. The first model was introduced by Helmholtz38. Helmholtz proposed that if a charged surface is immersed into an electrolyte containing mobile ions, the surface would attract the counter-ions towards the surface and repel the like charge ions at the surface (9,10). His hypothesis further suggests that a monolayer would be formed of counter-ions near the surface, separated by a distance
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Introduction Mass spectrometry is a type of analytical technique that is used to ionize chemical compounds into charged molecules and they are separated based on the mass-to-charge ratios and their kinetic energy. It is thus can be used to identify the presence of the compound, their masses as well as their quantities. During the ionisation process, sample molecules are bombarded with a beam of electrons, electrons may be captured by the molecules to produce radical anion or it may lead to displacement
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2.6.4 Vacuum drying Amellal and Benamara (2008) investigated the drying ability of date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) pulp cubes from three Algerian common varieties (Mech - Degla, Degla - Beida, and Frezza). Drying process was carried out under partial vacuum (200 mbar) at 60, 80, and 100° C. Compared to the Newton model, the Henderson and Pabis model better described drying kinetic of Mech - Degla and Frezza pulps at 60 and 80° C with a mean relative error (MRE) not higher than 6.07%. The same model
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Ultimately, the data somewhat supported the hypothesis because it was justified as the amount of hydrogen peroxide (mL) increases, then the displaced volume of oxygen (mL) that is produced will increase and eventually level out. This is because the hydrogen peroxide is substrate specific to catalase which is found in the liver solution tab. The two products react to create an active site which produces water and oxygen. Therefore, as the amount of hydrogen peroxide increased then the displaced oxygen
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series, it means it is capable of replacing whichever metal is beneath it in a single displacement reaction. The distance between the two metals has a correlation with the slow execution of the reaction as the closer the elements are on the series the slower the reaction takes place. Since zinc is the metal in the compound zinc nitrate, it being two elements below magnesium insures that a reaction will occur at a slower pace. For this same reason lead cannot react with zinc nitrate because zinc is
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Displacement Reactions and Solubility 1. Write the balanced molecular equations for the reactions where the following occurred: a)Fe+3 precipitated b) Co+2 precipitated Answer: a) Fe+3 precipitated Fe(No3)3 (Aq) + 3NaI(Aq)---> FeI3(s) + 3NaNO3(aq) Fe(No3)3 (aq)+3NaBr (aq)---> FeBr3 (s) +3NaNo3(aq) Answer: b) Co+2 precipitated Co(NO3)2 (aq)+ 2NaOH ¬(aq) ---> Co(OH)2 (s)+ 2NaNO3(aq) 2. Consult your results table and write Net Ionic equations for the all of the reactions where silver
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Experiment 34A: Hypochlorite Oxidation of Methyl Ketones by the Haloform Reaction: Benzoic Acid Objective: To practice the Haloform reaction as synthetic rout to form benzoic acid To understand the mechanis that provide chorine from NaOH To obtain the melting point and FTIR spectrum of benzoic acid Experimental Procedure: The procedure was followed as described in Mayo, pages 405 -406, with the modifications given on Blackboard. Additional modifications to the procedure included the
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Notes Enzymes: What must occur for a reaction to proceed? Collision Theory: 1. Reactants must collide 2. Reactants must have enough energy 3. Reactants must hit with proper orientation Here is morbid example of collision theory. How do a train and school bus react to give a train with engine damage and a school bus in two pieces? [pic] If you look back to the three conditions required for a reaction to occur, we can relate them to his terrible accident. In the collision theory, condition
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catalysts by increasing and regulating all chemical reactions in a living organism within half the fraction of energy if they were not utilized. What makes enzymes so efficient and unique is that they can increase the rate of a reaction and alter chemical activity at the cellular level while still maintaining homeostasis and cellular equilibrium. In the absence of enzymes it would dramatically alter chemical reactions by decreasing the rate at which reactions occur and its by-products causing an increase
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