undertaken to discover or establish facts or principles (Webster’s New World Dictionary, 1994) * a systematic investigation in order to establish facts and new conclusions (Oxford, 1996) Definitions of Research * a systematic and objective analysis and recording of controlled observations that may lead to the development of generalizations, principles or theories resulting in prediction and possibly ultimate control of events (Best & Kahn, 1998) * purposive, systematic and scientific
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deepened the first process step (i.e. the saccharification) and looked into the feasibility of producing the greatest yield of reducing sugars from peels and core of pineapples. Wastes were cut into thin strips, chopped in a mixer, and divided into samples of peel and core to which distilled water was added. For enhancing reducing sugar yield, physical treatments were arranged to disaggregate the fibrous structure followed by enzyme treatments to breakdown cellulose polymers and to hydrolyse sucrose
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1. Introduction This paper will examine the relationship between the dividend policy and stock price volatility based on the previous studies. Dividend policy is referred as a direction to the dividend paid out. In practice, we can through three aspects to show how the dividend policy is important. Firstly, in term of the clientele effect, the transaction cost and tax of investor position can exert an influence on whether dividend policy gains are preferred which means that dividend policy will
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proxy of firm size. On the other hand earning management was the dependent variable of this study. Earnings management was measured through discretionary accruals by using modified Jones model. Descriptive statistics, correlation and panel data analysis was used for capturing the impact of firm size on earnings management. The statistical results of this study revealed that there is positive and significant impact of firm size on earnings management. Keywords: Firm Size, Discretionary Accruals
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material is defined as the ratio of difference in dimension to the original dimension as a function of temperature or humidity and is expressed as percent swell index (temperature) or percent swell index (Humidity) respectively. Swell Index is measured using TMA by measuring the dimensional changes as a function of time while cycling the environment of the test sample between dry Nitrogen (~0% RH) and wet nitrogen (100% RH). This analysis can be accomplished using few grams of samples without manual intervention
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Received in revised form 6 July 2010 Accepted 9 July 2010 Available online 27 May 2011 JEL classification: G11 D03 D14 Keywords: Individual investors Mutual funds Trend chasing Behavioral biases Factor analysis abstract We examine the effect of behavioral biases on the mutual fund choices of a large sample of US discount brokerage investors using new measures of attention to news, tax awareness, and fund-level familiarity bias, in addition to behavioral and demographic characteristics of earlier studies
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accounting approach, this repost will choose quick ratio, asset turnover ratio, D/E ratio, D/A ratio, ROA and ROE. In stock market approach, abnormal return and cumulative abnormal return are used to the bank performance in pre-merger and post-merger. Firstly, Quick ratio is used by this report, because the quick ratio is used to measure the ability of the firm to pay back its short-term liability with its liquid assets (Linda, 2008). If quick ratio is higher, the better condition of the company is
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related to expected cash flow Relative valuations usually means that you need to: 1. 2. 3. Come up with comparable companies Standardize by dividing by something common to all stocks Compare based on certain rules of thumbs related to each ratio that are commonly used in decision making 1 3/14/2014 The four Stages in Relative Valuation 3 1. 2. 3. 4. Multiples are easy to use and easy to misuse. There are four basic steps to using multiples wisely and for detecting
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variable is only able to collect data from a finite number of values. Infinite values cannot be accepted. 5) Name the level of measurement of the total number of auto accidents reported in a certain month? Ratio Explanation: Measuring an exact point on the scale is considered the ratio level of measurement. 6) The titles of the job positions in a company, such as chief operating officer or CEO, are examples of what level of measurement? Nominal Explanation: The nominal scale differentiates
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should have good stability in the emulsion without coagulation. 2.5.4 Thermal property analysis 5 mg FP emulsion film sample was weighted, and the thermal property was analyzed using a Q500 thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) (TA Co., USA), in the temperature range 30–80 °C at a heating rate of 10 °C/min in nitrogen atmosphere. 2.5.5 Atomic force probe scanning microscope (AFM) observation Small amount of FP
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