based upon the psychology of investors. In this approach, security expected returns are determined by both risk and misvaluation. This survey sketches a framework for understanding decision biases, evaluates the a priori arguments and the capital market evidence bearing on the importance of investor psychology for security prices, and reviews recent models. The best plan is . . . to profit by the folly of others. — Pliny the Elder, from John Bartlett, comp. Familiar Quotations, 9th ed. 1901
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factors influencing the creation and issuance of debt and equity claims is a special case of the supply side of the completeness of markets problem. The directors of such [joint-stock] companies, however, being the managers rather of other people’s money than of their own, it cannot well be expected, that they should watch over it with the same anxious vigilance with which the partners in a private copartnery frequently watch over their own. Like the stewards of a rich man, they are apt to consider
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other interest rates. 2. The lower price for a firm’s shares means that it can raise a smaller amount of funds, so investment in facilities and equipment will fall. 3. Higher stock prices mean that consumers’ wealth is higher, and they will be more likely to increase their spending. 4. They channel funds from people who do not have a productive use for them to people who do, thereby resulting in higher economic efficiency. 5. The United States economy was hit by the worst financial crisis since the Great
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Evidence from Highly Leveraged Transactions that Became Distress’ 44 Kaplan 2 46 Andrade & Kaplan (1998) 3 51 Andrade & Kaplan – 1998 4 52 Lecture 3 56 Myers & Maljuf (1984) ‘Corporate Financing and Investment Decisions when Firms have Information that Investors Do Not Have’ 56 Myers and Majluf 2 61 Myers & Mailuf (1984) 3 66 Myers & Majluf – 1984 4 68 Frank & Goyal (2007) ‘Trade-off and Pecking Order Theories of Debt 74 Frank, Murray and Goyal, Vidhan 2 75 Frank & Goyal (2007) 3 83 Trade-off
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. . . . . . . . . . 1.3 Mean-Variance Frontier of Riskfree and Risky Assets . . . . . . . 1.4 Examples of Portfolio Weights from MV Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 4 9 19 22 A A Primer in Matrix Algebra 24 B A Primer in Optimization 27 2 . . . . . . . . 31 31 32 37 39 42 45 46 47 3 Risk Measures 3.1 Symmetric Dispersion Measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2 Downside Risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Dr. Lucas Ayres B. de C. Barros, Mackenzie Presbiterian University, Sao Paulo, Brazil Alexandre Di Miceli da Silveiraa School of Economics, Management and Accounting of University of São Paulo (FEA/USP) Lucas Ayres B. de C. Barrosb Mackenzie Presbiterian University July, 2006 a Professor of Finance and Accounting at School of Economics, Management and Accounting of University of São Paulo (FEA/USP). Tel: (+55) 11 5054-1888. e-mail: alexfea@usp.br (contact author). b Professor of Finance
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factors influencing the creation and issuance of debt and equity claims is a special case of the supply side of the completeness of markets problem. The directors of such [joint-stock] companies, however, being the managers rather of other people’s money than of their own, it cannot well be expected, that they should watch over it with the same anxious vigilance with which the partners in a private copartnery frequently watch over their own. Like the stewards of a rich man, they are apt to consider
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Contents Ross−Westerfield−Jaffe • Corporate Finance, Seventh Edition I. Overview 1 1 20 34 34 35 70 98 130 152 152 193 219 219 241 241 275 1. Introduction to Corporate Finance 2. Accounting Statements and Cash Flow II. Value and Capital Budgeting Introduction 4. Net Present Value 5. How to Value Bonds and Stocks 7. Net Present Value and Capital Budgeting 8. Risk Analysis, Real Options, and Capital Budgeting III: Risk 10. Return and Risk: The Capital−Asset−Pricing Model (CAPM) 12. Risk, Cost of
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although the HEP is equal for all investors, the REP, the EEP and the IEP differ for different investors. A unique IEP requires assuming homogeneous expectations for the expected growth (g), but we show that there are several pairs (IEP, g) that satisfy current prices. We claim that different investors have different REPs and that it is impossible to determine the REP for the market as a whole, because it does not exist. We also investigate the relationship between (IEP – g) and the risk free rate. There
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Jönköping International Business School Jönköping University B eh avioral F i nance Investors’ Rationality Bachelor Thesis within Finance Authors: Bernéus, Hannes Sandberg, Carl Wahlbeck, David Tutor: Jönköping Österlund, Urban December, 2008 Acknowledgement We would like to thank our tutor Mr. Urban Österlund for his support and guidance. We are also grateful for all valuable comments and insights from our fellow students during seminar sessions. We would also like to present
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