stay at home, or strengthen the global position?? Two dimensions: 1.) Industry globalism (high degree of industry globalism -> many interdependencies between markets, customers and suppliers. Besides, industry is dominated by a few large powerful players (global, like software, cd’s, movies, aircrafts) and the other multidomestic market environment (local, like hairdressing, foods and dairies) 2.) Preparedness for internationalization Degree of preparedness is dependent on the ability to carry
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growing too fast? Are credit underwriting standards falling? Are asset prices too high relative to fundamentals? “In an internal boom-bust cycle, an initial market upswing entices new investors and rising prices until additional capital or investors’ nerves are exhausted.”(Evanoff, Kaufman, and Malliaris, 2012). “This process can be amplified by capital rules that encourage banks to increase leverage when the economy is expanding and loan losses are low.” (Hanson, Kashyap, and Stein, 2011). “In the ensuing
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closely inter-mixed financial institutions, markets, instruments, services, practices, procedures and so on.” An economy's financial system exists to organize the settlement of payments, to raise and allocate finance, and to manage the risks associated with financing and exchange. A developed financial system is one that has a secure and efficient payment system, security markets and financial intermediaries that arrange financing, and derivative markets and financial institutions that provide access
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1929 in US and spread world over by 1930’s was characterized by barren business and huge unemployment. The main cause of this depression which took all the nations towards financial crises was crashing of the stock markets in 1929. Thousands of investors lost their money in stock markets, leading to a longest recession which comprised huge layoffs, unemployment , wiping out of business activities and which left millions of people depending on government or charity for food. Both episodes were preceded
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Value Chain 6 Move “Up” Chain 6 Move “Down” Chain 6 Breakeven Analysis 6 BE (units) 6 BE (dollars of sales) 7 Market Share 7 Dollar Share 7 Unit Share 7 BE MS (Dollars) 7 BE MS (Units) 7 Cannibalization 7 Total Contribution (NP) 7 Net Present Value: Today’s $ v. Next Year’s $ 8 Customer Lifetime Value (CLV) 8 Mkt Strat I: Strategy Formulation, Market Assessment Tools (Frameworks), Porter’s Generic Strategies 9 Dolan’s 5 Cs 9 Porter’s 5 Forces Model 10 BCG Matrix
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percent per annum in late 2005 and early 2006. One reason for the rise in house prices is the Federal Reserve’s policy of maintaining low interest rates after the 2001 recession. Under these market situation, mortgage loan and mortgage backed securities market became more popular and bigger. The financial markets’ appetite for mortgage product also resulted in more creative and complex financial products and strategies such as MBS (Mortgage-backed securities), CDO (Collateralized debt obligation), ABCP
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phone or Internet. In exchange, they generally pay higher interest rates on investments and deposits, and charge lower fees. Commercial banking activities are different than those of investment banking, which include underwriting, acting as an intermediary between an issuer of securities and the investing public, facilitating mergers and other corporate reorganizations, and also acting as a broker for institutional clients. Some commercial banks, such as Citibank and JPMorgan Chase, also have investment
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pattern and policy; regulation of stock exchanges and the role of SEBI; banking sector reforms, challenges facing public sector banks; growth and changing structure of non bank financial institutions; problem of non performing assets in Indian Banks. UNIT-IV Trend and pattern of India's foreign trade and balance of payments; latest EXIM policy-main features; policy towards foreign direct investment; globalisation trends in Indian economy; role of MNC's; India's policy commitments to multilateral
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The sector was characterized by small sized banks with high overheads; low capital base averaging less than $10million; heavy reliance on government patronage and loss making. Nigeria’s banking sector was still characterized by a high degree of fragmentation and low levels of financial intermediation up until 2004. In the light of the foregoing, banks are compelled by the Central Bank of Nigeria to raise their capital base from N2 billion to 25 billion on or before 31st December, 2005. Most banks
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The nature and role of markets and marketing The role of marketing in the firm and in society What is marketing? • Marketing is a system of business activities designed to plan, price, promote and distribute want-satisfying products, services and ideas to customers in order to achieve business objectives. • The process is customer-focused; it focuses on the needs and wants of customers, providing goods and services at the right price, place and time. Marketing’s role in the firm
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