Modeling Culture in Trade: Uncertainty Avoidance* Gert Jan Hofstede Wageningen University gertjan.hofstede@wur.nl Catholijn M. Jonker Delft University of Technology c.m.jonker@tudelft.nl Tim Verwaart LEI Wageningen UR tim.verwaart@wur.nl Keywords: trade, culture, agents, uncertainty avoidance, negotiation Abstract A model is presented of the way that our cultural attitude towards the unknown influences the decisions we make in trade. Uncertainty avoidance is one of Hofstede’s five cultural dimensions
Words: 6864 - Pages: 28
some of the culture traits. In today’s world people are more willing to engage in global business and for this reason they need to be able to adapt to the different cultures. As the cultures vary from country to country, people around the world may face many difficulties during their communication. Many businesses have failed due to the fact that they failed to fully assess the market they were entering in. The paper will portray three different approaches that will aid in understanding cultural differences
Words: 2346 - Pages: 10
national and regional differences to the forefront. Hofstede measures culture in five dimensions and teaches that cooperation across cultures is essential to human survival. These five dimensions are Power distance, individualism, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance , and long term orientation. In this paper, I plan to present some similarities as well as some differences in the culture of the United States of America and China based on Hofstede’s dimensions. The United States of America is frequently
Words: 921 - Pages: 4
1) Which type of communication chain is adapted by your organization? Formal or informal? Both of them mostly but It’s basically design on an informal hierarchy of communication. 2) Do you think such type of communication is effective? Well yes, sometimes it’s just better to take orders and execute them rather than letting every other person in the organization involve in the communication. The source is more reliable while its informal and it’s easy to track
Words: 925 - Pages: 4
Moving from a country to another represents for the majority of people a serious challenge while it is for some people as easy as changing a pair of pants. Nevertheless, whether you feel comfortable or not with changing the country, every person faces the same challenges and difficulties. The difference remains in how people do cope with it and how easily they do it. Those challenges are embodied in cultural clashes. Indeed, people are used to different customs and traditions and they differ from
Words: 810 - Pages: 4
Cover Page) |19 | | | | |Face-to-Face | | Facilitator |
Words: 3722 - Pages: 15
is paramount and overrides most other societal rules and regulations. The society fosters strong relationships where everyone takes responsibility for fellow members of their group. In collectivist societies: offence leads to shame and the loss of face,
Words: 1252 - Pages: 6
It is one of the poorest countries in the world, and one of the biggest garments exporting countries in the world. Bangladesh and the Netherlands are quite different, but are there also similarities? And how does this affect the trade between these two countries. I am going to compare Bangladesh with the Netherlands. The Power distance deals with the fact that all individuals in societies are not equal – it expresses the attitude of the culture towards these inequalities amongst us. Power distance
Words: 1101 - Pages: 5
who engage in international business. As mentioned above some rewards could be to gain market share, earn higher margins and profits, and to develop economies of scale; consequently, there are also risks involved. The four major risks companies’ faces in international business are Cross-Cultural Risk,
Words: 3846 - Pages: 16
adapted/standardized product 7. Characteristics of culture 8. Conclusion 9. Values in Culture 10. Value Similarities and Differences across cultures Introduction to Culture There is no doubt that the international marketing process do face a large set of variables as it take place over different countries and it does act in different environments. One of the most determinant environments to the success of the international marketing process is Culture, which hold the reason for many
Words: 3276 - Pages: 14
