current patient with heart failure being nursed in a community setting. Due to confidentiality and patient privacy, the patient discussed will be referred to as John¹. John is an 82 year old gentleman who lives alone in sheltered accommodation. John’s son and daughter live close and take it in turns to visit daily. John is an ex-smoker who gave up 20 years ago, has long standing hypertension and is overweight having a BMI of 30 kg/m. John was diagnosed with heart failure a year ago after being
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Disease Trends and the Delivery of Health Care Services The health care delivery services have changed dramatically over the years, this service has made some major improvements since it began. Within today’s health care system advancements have been made to prolong life expectancies and a person’s quality of life. As everyone knows the cost of providing health care is expensive and not always easy to accomplish. The cost, accessibility, along with the quality of care is a challenge that the
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JONATHAN L. SACK, M.D. Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina Atrial fibrillation is the arrhythmia most commonly encountered in family practice. Serious complications can include congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction, and thromboembolism. Initial treatment is directed at controlling the ventricular rate, most often with a calcium channel blocker, a beta blocker, or digoxin. Medical or electrical cardioversion to restore sinus rhythm is the next step in patients
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What is causing Ms. Jones’s kidney disease? Ms. Jones’s just underwent a major surgery which reduced the blood flow to her kidneys and sent her body into surgical shock. What are possible treatment options and prognosis? Restore blood volume and treat her for any type of infection she may have. The treatment mostly depends on the reason for the kidney disease. Why is the condition of Mr. Hodges’s kidneys affecting the rest of his body? The kidneys shift out waste products and extra water which
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clinical issue in patients with end stage renal failure. Oftentimes, unresolved and unaddressed fluid overload leads to congestive heart failure. Congestive heart failure is a progressive and systemic disease process that involves the interaction between the heart and kidneys. (Krishnan, 2007). Over time, worsening heart failure coupled with progressive kidney failure leads to diuretic resistance, consistent fluid volume overload and refractory heart failure. (Francis, 2006). Fluid balance is a goal for
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data, and interpretation and dissemination of results (including peer review and occasional systematic review).Major areas of epidemiological study include outbreak investigation, disease surveillance and biomonitoring, and comparisons of treatment effects such as in clinical trials. Epidemiologists rely on a number of other scientific disciplines such as biology (to better understand disease processes), biostatistics (to make efficient use of the data and draw appropriate conclusions)
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Ischaemia is a term which is used to describe the deficiency in blood supply to any part of the body. In ischaemic heart disease there is a deficiency in the blood supply to the heart muscle which can be caused by an obstruction to, or even a narrowing of the coronary arteries. This in turn reduces the supply of nutrients and oxygen to the heart muscle. Without an optimum oxygen supply the heart muscle is unable to function efficiently.(Boersma et al 2003) There are three ways in which an infarction
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need more health care services to provide them with the care they will need in the future. Health Care costs are very high and it is because of chronic conditions, such as, “diabetes”, “coronary artery disease”, “Heart Disease”, “Cancer”, “Stroke”, “HIV or Aids”, “congestive heart failure”, “depression and asthma”, and the growing population in the “increase of obesity” not to mention the “lifestyles” people are living (“Gathering and Using Data for value-based Health Care Initiatives,” 2012, pp. 33-34)
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Congestive Heart Failure Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) is a condition where the heart doesn’t pump blood as well as it should. Sometimes CHF can be referred to as Heart Failure. Heart Failure becomes CHF when it hits the stage where there is fluid built up around the heart causing ineffective pumping of the heart. CHF eventually causes a backup of fluid and blood into the liver, abdomen, lungs, and lower body. All different types of people can develop CHF and there are different ways to go
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ABSTRACT Heart failure is one of the leading causes of mortality in the world. At present, there are approximately 26 million heart failure patients worldwide (1). Heart failure is a life-threatening disease and addressing it should be treated as a global health priority. The prevalence and cost of the condition is set to rise due to Ireland’s ageing population and increases in diabetes and coronary heart disease (2). To a large extent, heart failure is a disease that is managed medically. Medications
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