CHAPTER 2 CONCRETE LEARNING OUTCOME: By the end of this session, the students SHOULD BE able to: Explain the basic science and engineering fundamentals pertaining to classification,properties, advantages and disadvantages of concrete. INTRODUCTION Concrete is most widely used as construction material. Obtained by mixing – cement, water + aggregates (sometimes admixtures in required proportions) These mixture then placed in forms and allowed to cure and becomes hard like
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Major Export Markets: * Afghanistan * India * African Countries * Middle Eastern Countries * Iraq Cement contribution to Pakistan and types of cement: http://korea.ssrn.com/delivery.php?ID=254067068126022003113002086030082105022014038021002005108125075028021077000124074120033036018034122000060029112013006095005012025085028077060107095090096021075023071014042085123068105067114118084025004107115125119114080119018079109077006119118098068029&EXT=pdf 1. It constitutes 3
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The immediate visual impression of the Parthenon rests with the line of columns supporting the lintel roof. The columns taper off toward the top, which acts to emphasize the slender character of each column. The building itself has a front porch and an interior cella. Inside the cella stood a statute of the patron goddess of Athens, Athena. Although modern scholars often speculate at the furnishing of the interior of the Parthenon, the actual decoration remains speculative (Greer 68-72). The Roman
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A STUDY ON DEALER’S SATISFACTION WITH REFERENCE TO TAMILNADU CEMENT CORPORATION LTD., ARIYALUR. SUMMER PROJECT REPORT Submitted by M. SWAMINATHA PRABU REGISTER NO: 27348351 Under the Guidance of Mrs. M. JANAKIRAMA, M.B.A, P.G.D.C.A Faculty in the Department Of Management Studies in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES SRI MANAKULA VINAYAGAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE PONDICHERRY UNIVERSITY
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Concrete as a building material Name: Institution Concrete is a building material which has been in use since the Roman times. It is a complex mixture of water, coarse granular material usually sand or gravel. Cement fills the spaces among the granular material and acts as a binder that glues them together. The Panama Canal, the Hoover Dam, and the Roman Pantheon are some of renowned structures made of concrete. (PCA) Concrete usage dates back thousands of years ago. Concrete was used for building
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INTRODUCTION Buildings come in various types and shapes, frequently determined by their functions. Unfortunately, there are many types of building defect that may occur in most of the building. Building defect is one of the major components of building that needed attention. Building defect refer to the results in a failure of a component part of a building or structure and causes damage to person or property, usually resulting in financial harm to the owner. Building defect will also reduce
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CHAPTER 2 QUANTITY TAKE-OFF The quantity “takeoff” is an important part of the cost estimate. It must be as accurate as possible and should be based on all available engineering and design data. Use of appropriate automation tools is highly recommended. Accuracy and completeness are critical factors in all cost estimates. An accurate and complete estimate establishes accountability and credibility of the cost engineer, therefore, providing greater confidence in the cost estimate. The estimate
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Advanced Materials Research Vol. 549 (2012) pp 762-765 Online available since 2012/Jul/09 at www.scientific.net © (2012) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.549.762 Semi-dry desulfurization ash modification and application in autoclaved brick Fu Ying-li1,a, Mu Yan1,b , Zhao Feng-qing1,3,c 1 2 Chemical Department, Hebei University of Sci.＆Tec. , Shijiazhuang 050018 P.R. China Hebei Research Center of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Shijiazhuang
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Road characteristics: road categories, road surfacing. Other road enginering structures. Lecturer I. Piščikienė Vilnius 2013 Introduction Content World bridges…………………………………………………………………………………………………..4 World longest tunnels………………………………………………………………………………………6 Types of roads………………………………………………………………………………………………….7 Roads surfacing………………………………………………………………………………………………
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Introduction of recycled aggregates Recycled Aggregates are obtained when screening the demolished concretes. When concrete is mixed with a certain percentage of these recycled aggregates, it is then called “Recycled Concrete” (R.Dalati, 2008). The concept of sustainable construction development is becoming nowadays a widely discussed subject. It is also turning to become a challenge for the construction industry due to the increasing scarcity of natural resources and the ever increasing demolition
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