Two definitions of nationalism: Bender’s Notes: A powerful unifying force drawing together people who share common bonds such as language, culture, religion and heritage. Also a divisive force in large empires where culturally distinct people may seek to create their own independent states. Patriotic feelings, an extreme form of this, especially marked by a feeling of superiority over other countries. advocacy of political independence for a particular country. A deep devotion to one’s nation
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P.102 The values held by Homer to give meaning to life in the Homeric Age were predominantly heroic values- the strength, skill, and valor of the dominating warrior. Such was the earliest meaning of arête, “excellence” or “virtue”, a term whose meaning changed as values changed during the course of Greek culture. To obtain arête- defined by one Homeric hero as “to fight ever in the forefront and outdo my companions”- and the undying fame that was its reward, men would endure hardship, struggle,
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also those of many Romans, Christianity harm the empire for several reasons. Christians worship only one god, and therefore refuse to honor Rome and the Emperor which are considered like gods. But the cult of Rome and the emperor is the basis of unification of all the inhabitants of this vast empire that includes peoples so different. , Christians provide only very few soldiers bu the empire is threatened on its borders. Christian doctrine also considers all men as brothers and therefore harms the
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Саратовский Государственный Университет им Н.Г.Чернышевского Literary Language Formation of English Literary Language Выполнила студентка 411 группы Журкина Дарья Саратов, 2012 1. Literary Language Literary language is a developed form of a national language, with norms fixed in writing to varying extents; the language of all manifestations of culture that are expressed in words. The concept of a “developed form” is historically variable (in different ages and with different peoples)
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1. Namethe French artist who made a series of paintings visualizing his dreams of democracy republic? Ans. Frederic Sorrieu 2. What had the French artist visualized as world made of democratic social republics? Ans. In 1848, Frederic Sorrieu, a French artist, prepared a series of four prints visualizing his dream of a world made up of ‘democratic and social Republics’, as he called them. In Sorrieu’s utopian vision, the peoples of the world are grouped as distinct nations, identified through
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of foreign invasion become a reality in 1494, when French armies marched into Italy, thus initiating a series of wars that left Italy divided and impoverished exiled from Florence upon the collapse of the republican government he had served from 1498 to 1512 and eager to win favor with the Medici now that they had returned to power Machiavelli penned the prince a political treatise that called for the unification of Italy under a powerful and courageous leader. In the prince, Machiavelli argued that
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Table of Contents: Item Topic ….. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page Geography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Government . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Change: – Facts: Death toll The Economic Set-Back: Prewar year when GDP equalled that of 1945 1886 1924 1936 1938 1891 1908 1909 1912 1937 GDP grew during WWII GDP grew during WWII GDP grew during WWII Austria Belgium Denmark Finland France Germany Italy Netherlands Norway Sweden Switzerland UK 525,000 82,750 4,250 79,000 505,750 6,363,000 355,500 250,000 10,250 0 0 325,000 • – Images: 2 Understanding the climate for radical change • Difficult – but essential – to understand how different
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During Benito Mussolini’s reign, he and his Fascist regime utilized political intelligence, propaganda, and Mussolini’s own charismatic demeanor to form a cult of personality. This personality cult was used to perpetuate Mussolini as Il Duce and Italy as a Fascist state, while presenting Il Duce as a mythic hero who could do no wrong. The “Cult of the Duce” was in many aspects the unifying force of the Fascist regime, and acted as a common denominator for various political groups and social classes
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There were two major periods where Italian revolutionaries attempted to achieve unification through uprisings. The first was in 1820-32 and then 1848-49, however they were unsuccessful both times due a few key reasons. The first reason is the military strength of Austria, as in both periods of revolt, the revolutionaries had no chance of sustaining provisional governments as the Austrian power meant that they were easily defeated and suppressed. Also, another major reason is the revolutionary groups
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