The WACC Fallacy: The Real Effects of Using a Unique Discount Rate 1 Philipp Kr¨ ger u Geneva Finance Research Institute - Universit´ de Gen`ve e e Augustin Landier Toulouse School of Economics David Thesmar HEC Paris and CEPR First Version: February 2011 This Version: September 2011 We greatly appreciate comments and suggestions by Malcolm Baker, Andor Gy¨rgy, Owen Lamont, o Masahiro Watanabe, Jeff Wurgler and seminar participants at the NBER Behavioral Finance Spring Meeting, the
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Prabhakar - Jayaraj Somarajan - Ajay Gnanashekaran - Shafrin Maredia Table of Contents Sl.No 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 10. 11. Contents Evolution of Project Boeing 7E7 Empirical Data 7E7 Project NPV –DCF Analysis WACC Calculation Payback Period Stock Options @ Risk Analysis Conclusion References Page 1 4 5 7 11 12 22 23 24 Table of Tables
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MSc Corporate Finance Dr. Kirak Kim Before we start Main branches of finance Corporate Finance How do we value projects and (optimally) finance them? Asset Pricing How do we price securities more precisely? What’s the difference? Is it a Corporate Finance question or an Asset Pricing question? □ You are the manager of Intel Corp. You are reviewing the proposal for the new plant to be built in China. The new plant requires a large onetime investment but will provide significant
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BACKGROUND In 1981, AHP had reached sales of more than $4 billion by producing 1,500 marketed brands in 4 different kind of business; prescription drugs, packaged drugs, food products, and housewares and households products. Moreover, AHP is known to be the largest and profitable business in prescription of drugs; however, the company has a sizable market share in antihypertensive, tranquilizers, and oral contraceptives. The company has almost debt- free balance sheet and growing cash reserves (40%
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value of the associated financing decisions should be generally useful for the financial manager. 2 A Comparison of WACC and APV • Features/advantages of WACC. 1. WACC accounts for tax shield benefit of interest in discount rate. 2. WACC is widely adopted by practitioners and is easy to use. 3. WACC is applicable when D/E remains essentially constant through project life. 4. WACC is most appropriate when the project is “typical” of the firms traditional businesses (i.e., same risk), or “scale enhancing”
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NIKE, INC.: COST OF CAPITAL Book value vs. Market value While calculating the Nike’s cost of capital using both the book value (Exhibit 1.1) and the market value (Exhibit 1.2), I could notice the mistake Cohen made finding the equity value. Cohen used the book value to reflect equity value. Although the book value is an accepted measure to estimate the debt value, the equity’s book value is an inaccurate measure of the value perceived by the shareholders. Since Nike is a publicly traded company
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Under the net present value method, the weighted average cost of capital is used as the discount rate to calculate the present value of future cash inflows. Hence, for the case study, we will compute for the WACC, prepare projected cash flows then compute the NPV. Solution WACC The all-equity beta (β) of Dixon is 1.06. We assume that we could have a beta of 1.9 for the production of sodium chlorate, basing from the betas of other chemical firms. We could re-lever Dixon’s beta
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PART I THE VALUATION OF BLUESCOPE FOR THE RESTRUCTURE 1. Historical Financial Performance According to BlueScope Steel Limited consolidated financial headlines, the total revenue of BlueScope kept slightly increasing from 2003 to 2008. However, there is a significant fluctuation of revenue in recent three years. As a result, the EBIT and NPAT suffered a tremendous decrease from 2008 to 2009. And BlueScope generated its first loss (YR 2009) on NPAT shown negative A$66 million which is caused by the
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their strength. PPC’s management and board are weighing out two alternative approaches in order to determine a minimum rate of return. They had to decide if a single cutoff rate based on the company’s overall weighted average cost of capital (WACC) or a system of multiple cutoff rates that reflected the risk-profit characteristics of the several businesses or economic sectors in which the company’s subsidiaries operated would be the better alternative. Their basic capital budgeting approach
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do your analysis using WACC, an d then using APV. In both cases, you can use the data in Exhibit 2 to calculate the free cash flow s of the project. Assume that these free cash flows will grow at 5% per year in perpetuity followin g the year 2006; that is, if you calculate the free cash flow to be FCF 2006 in 2006, the unlevered free cash flow will be FCF 2006 (1 . 05) t − 2006 in year t = 2007 , 2008 ,... When calculating the project’s value using WACC, assume tha t the target
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