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Life Cycle Testing of Electrical Loads by Down Counter

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Life Cycle Testing of Electrical Loads by Down Counter

Rayhan Ferdous Fahim
1102018, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology
Chittagong, Bangladesh fahimcuet18@gmail.com Md. Sadman Sakib
1102029, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology
Chittagong, Bangladesh sadman_fcc@ymail.com Abstract— A desired number is entered through a keypad interfaced to a microcontroller. Upon activation, the system counts down one in each second till the set number reaches zero. A relay switches the load ON & OFF for every count thus testing the life cycle of a product.

Keywords— Life cycle; Down counter; Microcontroller; PIC16F877A; Relay.

Introduction

The working life of many products such as lamps depends on the number of ON/OFF cycles it encounters. This project is designed to be used in industries for testing the life cycle of such electrical loads (lamps, motors etc) using a down counter.

This circuit basically performs automatic ON/OFF operation. If it is supposed to see whether a light can withstand 100 times on/off encounter, the value is set to 100 through the keypad. Then the circuit automatically performs 100 times on/off operation. The count is shown in the LED. After operation the circuit is prepared for next operation. That is how an important task of industrial operation can be obtained by automation.

Methodology

This project uses a microcontroller (PIC 16F877A). A 4*4 matrix keypad is interfaced to it to enter a required number. A 16*2 LCD is used for displaying the count number.

The code for down counter is written on MACRO C pro language. After the count no. is given, the counter starts counting in the decrementing order from the set no. to zero. Simultaneously the load condition is turned on and off by a relay to finally turn off, once the counter reaches zero.

An additional LED is connected to show the counting operation. The relay is energized by an additional 12v battery where a 12v light is used. The relay circuit is closed in every count operation, thus makes the light on.

1 Down Counter

A program is written on MACRO C pro language for down count operation. A for loop is used where the value of kp i.e. the keypad input is used as the variable. The for loop decrements the set value upto zero. The relay operation code is also placed in the for loop. That’s how the relay becomes on and off in each execution of for loop. 1000 ms delay is used between every operation. After each operation the program is ready for next operation

2 Basis of KEYPAD interface

MATRIX KEYPAD is used to deduce the number of port pins required to read a certain number of inputs. 4*4 MATRIX KEYPAD requires 8 i/o pin. When one of the 16 button is pressed, particular row and column get connected. This will dive that column pin low (initially high). The program is written to scan continuously to detect which column is low. Thus, the key is sensed. Once the key is sensed, we used suitable ASCII values in programming to display the particular digit.
.

3 Block Diagram

The basic blocks of this project are Microcontroller,
Keypad, LCD, Relay Switch and Load.
[pic]

4 Circuit Diagram

KEYPAD is interfaced with port-D of PIC16F877A. LCD is interfaced with port-B.MATRIX KEYPAD requires 8 i/o line. Here, 9V DC supply is adjusted to 5V DC by Voltage Regulator. Brightness of LCD is adjusted by a variable Resistor. Frequency of crystal oscillator is 20MHZ.Before the connection is placed in Breadboard, the circuit is simulated in PROTEUS. An LED is connected to pin no 15 of PIC for testing purpose of the instrument. The relay circuit is connected to pin no 16 of PIC through a 10k resistor. The relay circuit consists of a transistor (BC547) and a 12V light which serves the purpose of an electrical load. The relay circuit is energized by a 9V battery.

[pic]

Fig. 1. Circuit diagram of the system.

Results And Discussion

When a specific count number was given as input via the keypad, the LCD displayed the count number. The LED and the light then blinked that number of times simultaneously. The outputs were observed taking different count numbers as input. Every time the result was expected.

The program of the PIC can be developed more precisely so that more digits can be given as count number input.

Conclusion

Life cycle testing of electrical appliances is an important aspect now-a-days. The guarantee or warrantee of electrical products can be ascertained using this instrument. As a result it can be a very useful apparatus for industries. Besides, manual testing of life cycle of electrical loads is time consuming which can be eradicated using this system. The instrument can be developed more to achieve better performance.

Acknowledgment

Firstly, the authors would like to pay their respectful gratitude to Allah, their beloved families, teachers and their admirer supervisor. The authors also express their greatly thanks to all persons who had concern to support in preparing this paper.

References

[1] EDGEFX Technologies Pvt Ltd, India.
[2] MicroC Pro: Help Library
[3] PIC16F877A, JZC-22F Data Sheet
[4] www.electrosome.com

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