1. At what point on the input cycle does the PIV occur?
2. For a half-wave rectifier, there is current through the load for approximately what percentage of the input cycle?
3. What is the average of a half-wave rectified voltage with a peak value of 10 V?
4. What is the peak value of the output voltage of a half-wave rectifier with a peak sine wave input of 25 V?
5. What PIV rating must a diode have to be used in a rectifier with a peak output voltage of 50V?

ANSWERS:-
1. PIV across the diode occurs at the peak of the input when the diode is reversed biased.
2. There is current through the load for approximately half (50%) of the input cycle.
3. The average value is 10 V/∏ = 3 .18 V
4. The peak output voltage is 25 V - 0.7 V = 24.3 V.
5. The PIV must be at least 50 V
SECTION 2-2
REVIEW
1. How does a full-wave voltage differ from a half-wave voltage?
2. What is the average value of a full-wave rectified voltage with a peak value of 60V?
3. Which type of full-wave rectifier has the greater output voltage for the same input voltage and transformer turns ratio?
4. For a peak output voltage of 45 V, in which type of rectifier would you use diodes with a PIV rating of 50 V?
5. What PIV rating is required for diodes used in the type of rectifier that was not selected in Question 4?

ANSWERS:-
1. A full-wave voltage occurs on each half of the input cycle and has a frequency of twice the input frequency. A half-wave voltage occurs once each input cycle and has a frequency equal to the input frequency.
2. The average value of 2(60 V)/∏ = 38.12 V
3. The bridge rectifier has the greater output voltage.
4. The 50 V diodes must be used in the bridge rectifier.
5. In the center-tapped rectifier, diodes with a PIV rating of at least 90 V would be required.
SECTION 2-3
REVIEW
1. When a 60 Hz sinusoidal voltage is applied to the input of a half-wave