...TELEVISION PORTRAYALS OF HOUSEWIVES IN THE 1950s VERSUS TODAY: I Love Lucy vs. Desperate Housewives The 1950s housewife was the epitome of a woman. She had poise and grace and cared for her family more than having a career. She had a smile on her face, dinner on the table, and her child always used please and thank you. At least on TV. Fast forward 50 years and much has changed in our history and the way that women are portrayed on television. With women no longer expected to give up their careers in order to raise a family, working moms are represented more with each passing decade. Two television shows that can be examined to explore the difference in television’s portrayal of housewives are I Love Lucy from the 1950s and Desperate Housewives from the 2000s. While the shows premiered more than a half a century apart, there are many similarities in the shows. And that’s not on accident. After World War II ended, men came home and families started growing and prospering, able to buy things they had to go without during the rough wartimes. With servicemen home and the baby boom well underway, women were expected to reclaim their dominance over the home, while their husband’s reclaimed dominance over them.1 Housewives were to be seen more than heard, all while keeping a smiling on their face. No one talked about their problems, because they didn’t really have any. The white picket fence was always perfect and no one ever raised their voice or drank too much, at least on the...
Words: 4582 - Pages: 19
...interpretation of the Fourteenth Amendment has contributed to racial equality by the Equal Protection clause. The clause was a deciding factor in cases that involved racism. Though it sometimes limited rights, the Equal Protection clause eventually became a key element to justice. Lum vs. Rice (1927) was a Supreme Court case where the Mississippi education board did not allow a nine year old girl to attend the all-white Rosedale Consolidated School because of her ethnicity. Gong Lum’s daughter, Martha Lum, was Chinese and a native-born in the United States. One day, a superintendent at Rosedale told Martha to leave school because she was not Caucasian. Gong Lum later filed for suit and the state trial court was in his favor. The state took the issue to officials to readmit Martha Lum, however, the Supreme Court opposed the state’s decision. The Supreme Court supported their argument from the Cumming vs. Richmond County Board of Education case (1899) where it showed that schools are allowed to be separated for white and “colored” students. They also focused on whether or not Martha Lum was being denied of her equal protection of the laws from the 14th Amendment. This brought the Supreme Court to uphold the Plessy vs. Ferguson case (1896) by approaching the concept “separate but equal.” They declared that Martha Lum was not white and the Board of Trustees was allowed to exclude her from Rosedale. In 1954, the Brown family went against the Board of Education because they believed segregated...
Words: 794 - Pages: 4
...------------------------------------------------- HIM 4083 Health Organization Trends ------------------------------------------------- Exam 2 ------------------------------------------------- Essay Questions – Turn in by midnight Tuesday, February 25, 2014 via www.turnitin.com Each question should be answered with 2-4 paragraphs for maximum credit. Answer the question (which may be your opinion) and then substantiate your answer. 1. Discuss the major problems facing hospitals today. Offer some possible solutions to each of these problems. Some of the major problems that face hospitals today include; cost increases, bed surpluses, and the overemphasis of specialized care vs. primary care. Cost increases for hospitals are caused by several different factors. According to a report by the American Hospital Association, labor cost accounts for more than half of hospitals’ total expenses. This number grew by between 5 to 8% a year from 2002 to 2009. Another issue effecting hospitals is the growth in patients covered by Medicare and Medicaid. These patients represent 60% of all admissions. These programs do not pay the full cost of care. The AHA claims the amount each program pays has decreased significantly year after year. Patients unable to pay for care amount to about 6% of hospitals’ cost. To me a universal health care system would definitely assist in this problem. If everyone paid a portion for the same health care, then costs would not rise so high. ...
Words: 1127 - Pages: 5
...impact on the board of education and our lives. There was an African American girl named Linda Brown, she was a normal girl in the third grade. Linda went to a school that was a mile away even though there was an all white elementary school, seven blocks away. Her father, Oliver Brown, tried to enroll her in the white elementary school, but the principal of the school refused to let her in due to her race. Mr. Brown then took this problem to the NAACP ( National Association for the Advancement of Colored People), they agreed to help him. As this case became more known it was then later brought up to supreme court. Other cases have led up to this case, these cases included, Sweat v. Painter (1950) and McLaurin v. Oklahoma Board of Regents of Higher Education (1950). The cases leading up to Brown Vs Board of Education featured African American people dealing with segregation problems. Brown argued segregation is seen as antithetical to our whole culture. If a particular class of people are forced to stay in their own neighborhoods, have their own schools, parks, stores, restaurants, movie theaters, and not welcome in 'mainstream' places, they are not equal as citizens. This is a violation of the 'equality' provisions of the 14th amendment. One of the most basic founding principles of the US is that we have only one class of citizenship, every citizen is entitled to exactly the same rights and privileges of citizenship.Brown argued this and related it to 14th amendment rights.. ...
Words: 494 - Pages: 2
...emancipation of slaves, race continued to be a problem in early twentieth century America. One of the most critical issues surrounding the further entrenchment of racial segregation within the early twentieth century was the development of policies and laws that did not follow the emancipation guidelines for ex-slaves, but instead made segregation and discrimination of African Americans more prominent. These laws were at first called the Black Codes, allowing for differences in the way that African Americans were treated both privately and publically. Even Supreme Court cases, like Plessy vs. Ferguson, further allowed for racism to be a compelling factor within the nation. This case allowed for the expansion of the Black Codes instead of abolishing them by creating the “separate but equal” mentality that existed until the 1950s when “systematic segregation within the states was ended” (Plessy vs. Ferguson Judgment, 1895). The Black Codes were also eventually referred to as the Jim Crow Laws, based on a stereotype of an African American portrayed in public plays by a white man with black makeup on. This was one of the ultimate insults...
Words: 947 - Pages: 4
...Scribe Homer gave us earthly warrior heroes battling with one-eyed monsters and women with snakes for hair. In the Middle Ages, the enduring tale of a mythical hero was that of King Arthur, a man who wielded a magical sword to save his kingdom from ruin. These days, the average person might be hard-pressed to suspend belief in such gloriously bloody stories, but that hasn’t stopped us from telling tales in which Good is pitted against monstrous Evil. The most prevailing of these modern heroic tales have been the creations of storytellers whose medium is the comic book, and in turn, the film industry. Today we’ll compare two of the champions of the comic book genre, in this episode of The Infographics Show, Marvel vs. DC. First we’ll start with an introduction to DC, which is often hailed as ‘the...
Words: 519 - Pages: 3
...influences the body) * 1870 = more focus on the mind (eg. How do the mind and bosy interact?) (need to know dates for exams) * psychology was a sub discipline of these areas William Wundt * Professor od physiology * 1879 created first experimental psych lab in Germany * The father of psych * 1879 = psych date of birth * Focused on consciousness * He taught many students, and they began teaching once they graduated and it began to spread * 1883 – 1893 = new psych research labs in north America G. Stanley Hall * former student of Wundt * 1883 = started first US research lab in John Hopkins Uni, Baltimore Maryland * 1887 = first psych journal * Early theories: structuralism vs. Functionalism * Structuralism – late 1800’s to 1927 * Edward Tichener (student of Wundt) * Studying...
Words: 1132 - Pages: 5
...The Ongoing Issue- Dark Skin and Light Skin Janice Crosley University Composition and Communication II 10/07/2012 Tracy Alberry “All the prettiest kids are light skinned anyway.” This is a quote that Neyo, a pop/rap artist made during one of his many interviews.(Bougie Black Girl) (4/11/2012) This is how dark skin is depicted in the African community by each other. Divisiveness is a very strong trait in the African American community and being dark skinned is one that has kept oppression alive from within. One might say that this paper is too offensive or bias because of the use of the African American Culture. It is always negative to speak about racism, dark skin or anything that has to do with the African culture and racism normally in any situation. This has been a tainted subject for quite some time now and it travels all the way from the continent of Africa. This is definitely a form of racism and the rules need to change in order to protect, heal and strengthen not only the black community, but the cultural world as a whole. Nonetheless, the origin of racism began some time ago. The first boat that carried Africans to be enslaved was brought to America in 1619. They were bought here by the White man to trade and use for cleaning, cooking, working in the fields and whatever else was needed. It was a business that was flourishing throughout the world. It is said that slavery started with the Africans in the continent of Africa. Slavery was supposed to be abolished...
Words: 1248 - Pages: 5
...and Beyond The subject of art throughout history is one that is widely debated and highly subject to interpretation. One thing that isn’t debatable is that cultural influences from centuries ago are as relevant as ever, from theming box office movies to manipulating the way we see the world around us. Of course, art forms are available in a wide variety, but I find music to be perhaps the most influential. To further elaborate, I will give an explanation of two separate periods of music through history in the following essay. The Middle Ages The Middle Ages, also referred to as the Medieval period, was a time when science and technology were being pursued perhaps more than ever, yet humanism wasn’t quite in the lead. “We are inclined today to romanticize the Middle Ages as a time when things were simpler, but in reality medieval society was highly complex” (Forgeng, 1999). Unlike today’s constitutional/document driven society, Middle Age civilizations were much more driven by personal relationships, especially concerning wealthy and powerful bloodlines. As a result of the somewhat more emotionally driven structure, social norms were often determined by the choices of the few and...
Words: 1406 - Pages: 6
...Nature vs. Nurture There is an issue that has been conferred upon by philosophers in the past and still so by scientists today. This issue is whether heredity or environment plays a greater role in the determining or shaping of an individual's behavior. It is known as the nature versus nurture debate. Numerous generations before us have deliberated on the reasons behind the development of human behavior. There have been many theories formulated to explain why humans behave the way they do. The surviving theories for behavior derive from physiological and sociological explanations. However, the two explanations have not always been compatible with each other. The famous nature vs. nurture debate over human behavior resulted from conflicting views between proponents of the physiological (nature) and sociological (nurture) explanations. Throughout history, research has swayed popularity back and forth between the theories. Yet, theorists have broken down the line separating nature and nurture. As of today, people utilize both explanations to explore human behavior. Way before our time, early philosophers endeavored to understand the human behavior. As early as 350 BC, such philosophers as Plato and Aristotle tried to understand behavior. The question of nature or nurture as the primary drive can be traced to these times. Plato believed behavior and knowledge was due to innate factors. Author Fiona Cowie states, "The claim that the character of our mental furniture is to...
Words: 1605 - Pages: 7
...When examining the course of history from the 1950s to today it is evident that women made the most progress in attaining individual autonomy equal to that men in their sexual lives (sexuality) and least of a progress when it comes to family life. There are four main sub-topics that regarding women's life that have led to this conclusion and they are family life, including marriage/divorce, and child care; work life; political life (including legal rights); and sexuality and reproduction. "Marriage and the family are the roots of women's oppression" (Women's America, 291). The suburban wife felt alone and was afraid to ask if there was more to life than taking care of the children, shopping for groceries, sponsoring boy scouts and making brownies...she was afraid to ask this because it deviated from so much that she was use to. "By the end of the 1950s, the average marriage age of women in America dropped to 20" (Women's America, 692). The percentage of women in colleges compared to men were dropping at a significant rate. A century before women use to fight for the opportunity to receive a higher education and now they were just going to college to look for husbands. By the end of the fifties the birthdate in the United States had over taken India's. Million have women started to picture their lives as the suburban house wife. Taking the children to school in the station wagon, kissing their husbands good bye in the front of the home as the husbands we going to work, and then...
Words: 2521 - Pages: 11
...The threat of Communism created an air of paranoia in the United States during the early 1950’s. Senator Joseph McCarthy of Wisconsin was the man who exploited those fears. CBS reporter Edward R. Murrow and his producer Fred W. Friendly decided to take a stand by challenging McCarthy. They chose to expose him for the fear monger he was. Even though their actions took a great personal toll on both men, they stood by their beliefs. In turn, they helped bring down one of the most controversial senators in American history. This important story in American history and politics is shown in the film, “Good Night and Good Luck.” It is directed by George Clooney, written by George Clooney and Grant Heslov, and stars David Strathairn, George Clooney and Patricia Clarkson. As mentioned before, "Good Night, And Good Luck" takes place during the early days of broadcast journalism in 1950's. It chronicles the real-life conflict between television newsman Edward R. Murrow and Senator Joseph McCarthy and the Permanent Sub-committee on Investigations. With a need to report the facts and enlighten the public, Murrow, and his dedicated staff - headed by his producer Fred Friendly and Joe Wershba in the CBS newsroom – rebel to corporate and sponsorship pressures to examine the lies and fear mongering tactics carried out by McCarthy during his communist 'witch-hunts.’ McCarthy claimed that there were over two hundred card carriers in America. An awfully public argument develops when the Senator...
Words: 1689 - Pages: 7
...has diminished. The way you approach IT investment and management will need to change dramatically” (Carr, 2003) IT Doesn’t Matter! • Information Technology: – Proprietary Technology vs. Infrastructural Technology • The Commoditization of IT – Transport mechanism – more valuable shared rather than isolated – Interconnectivity and interoperability – Standardisation of technology and homogenisation of its functionality – Highly replicable – Rapid price deflation http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PO2dCaaSDk8 IT Doesn’t Matter! • From Offence to Defence – Spend less – Follow, don’t lead – Focus on vulnerabilities, not opportunities Does IT matter? • Inherently strategic because of indirect effects • Creates possibilities and options that did not exist before • May become ubiquitous! The insight to harness the potential is not distributed evenly. Does IT matter? Three broad lessons • Extracting value from IT requires innovations in business practices. • IT’s economic impacts comes from incremental innovations rather than “big bang” initiatives. • The strategic impact of IT investments comes from the cumulative effect of sustained initiatives to innovate business practices in the near term. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SUe-tSabKag The changing scope of IS: from 1950s to present day Beyond the Enterprise: Institutional Supply Chain Core: Data collection Decision...
Words: 1498 - Pages: 6
...CS 771 Artificial Intelligence Introduction to AI Outline • • • • Course overview What is AI? A brief history State of the Art Course overview • • • • • • • • • • • • • Intro to AI (chapter 1) Intelligent agents (chapter 2) Goal based agents and uninformed search(chapter 3.1-3.4) Informed Search : A* (chapter 3.5-3.6) Beyond classical search (chapter 4) Adversarial search alpha-beta pruning (chapter 5) Constraint satisfaction problem (chapter 6) Midterm 1 (chapter 1, 2, 3,4,5,6) Logical agents and propositional logic (chapter 7) First-order logic (chapter 8) Inference in first order logic (chapter 9) Midterm 2 (chapter 7, 8, 9) Quantifying uncertainty (chapter 13) Probabilistic reasoning using Bayes net (chapter 14) Probabilistic reasoning over time (chapter 15) Where is AI in Computer Science? Computer science : problem solving using computers • Computer Architecture and Operating System study how to build good computers. • Computation and Complexity Theory study what can be computed, what cannot be computed, i.e., the limits of different computing devices. • Programming Languages study how to use computers conveniently and efficiently. • Algorithms and Data Structures study how to solve popular computation problems efficiently. • Artificial Intelligence is relevant to any intellectual tasks, e.g., playing chess, proving mathematical theorems, writing poetry, driving a car on a crowded street, diagnosing diseases ...
Words: 1948 - Pages: 8
...Civil Rights The struggle for equality has been a battle fought for hundreds of years amongst Native Americans, African Americans, and Mexican Americans. When we hear the words civil rights often we conjure images of Martin Luther King Jr. delivering his soul-stirring “I Have a Dream” speech before the nation’s capital. The truth is, minorities have been fighting for their civil rights way before the 1950’s in fact it dates way back to the early 1880’s when Native Americans lost their lands, family, culture but most importantly their rights as human beings. America deprived Native Americans of their rights and ways of living by recruiting the young children to try and stop them from growing up to become “savages,” as the USA described them and instead civilize them and turn them into men of class. The USA though they were doing the Native Americans a favor by civilizing them when instead all they were doing was destroying the most valuable thing a man has in this world which is his family. If being taken away from your family wasn’t bad enough students at federal boarding schools were forbidden to express their culture, everything from wearing long hair to speaking even a single Indian word. They lost not only their language, but also their American Indian name. In my opinion I don’t see how the USA was doing Native Americans a favor by the intent to completely transform people, inside and out, language, religion, family structure, economics, the way you make a living...
Words: 965 - Pages: 4