As stated ABI can be a traumatic or a non-traumatic brain injury. A traumatic brain injury (TBI) is “damage to the brain caused by an external physical force such as a motor vehicle accident, assault, or a fall” (7). When there is a TBI the individual’s brain can be stretched, torn, penetrated, bruised

or in some instances the brain becomes swollen. Based on the effect, the injury can resulted in affecting more than one part of the brain. A major health and socioeconomic problem has been generated throughout the world due to TBIs. “It is the leading cause of mortality and disability among young individuals in high income countries, and globally the incidence of TBI is rising sharply, mainly due to increasing motor vehicle use in low-income …show more content…
This scale has become a universal classification system to assess the ABI severity. The scale uses three components, eye, motor and verbal scales to determine the severity of the patient. Brain injuries can be classified as mild, moderate and severe. The terms are used to describe the level of the original injury in relation to the neurological severity of injury caused in the brain (7). The classification of mild means that the patient loss of consciousness is 30 minutes or less, the GCS score at 30 minutes after injury is 13-15, and the duration of post-traumatic amnesia is no longer than 24 hours. “The moderate classification happens when there is a loss of consciousness lasts from a few minutes to a few hours, confusion last from days to weeks and physical cognitive and/or behavioral impairments last for months or are permanent” (7). The last classification is severe. In this instance, there is a low level of consciousness which may in some instances include being in a coma, vegetative state, or minimally conscious state. The GCS for severe is 3-8 and if the patient falls in this category to ABI is extensive and recovery can be a long …show more content…
The trauma results in damage to the neurons on the exterior of the brain. This damage can result in the possibility of abnormal flow of electricity. The unsteady flow of electricity can lead to surges of electrical activity from areas of the brain which results in seizure activity. It has been noted that seizures happen in 1 of 10 persons who have an acquired brain injury that require hospitalization. “The seizure usually happens where there is a scar in the brain as a consequence of the injury. During a seizure there is a sudden abnormal electrical disturbance in the brain that results in one or more of the following symptoms: strange movement of your head, body, arms, legs or eyes; unresponsiveness and staring; chewing, lip smacking, or fumbling movements; sudden tiredness or dizziness; and not being able to speak or understand others” (11). The symptoms of a seizure can come on at any time without notice. The individual will have them and not be in control of their body movement for a period of time. During the seizure thoughts and ideas are not remembered and often the person does not even remember having a