.................................................................3 Methodology ..............................................................................................................................................................8 Data Sample ...........................................................................................................................................................8 Measures .................................................................................................................................................................9 Control Variables ...............................................................................................................................................9 Abusive Supervision (AS) ................................................................................................................................ 10 Ethical Leadership (EL) .................................................................................................................................. 10 Affective Commitment to the Supervisor (ACTS) ............................................................................................ 10 Job Security (JS)...
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...colleagues, and client interactions is a form of stress commonly found at work (Kuhns, 2008). Recently, increasing interest has sparked research towards abusive supervision and its negative consequences. Empirical research has found that abusive supervision leads to increased turnover, less favorable attitudes, increased conflict between relationships, and lower in-role and extra-role behaviors (Tepper, 2000). Abusive supervision is a “subordinate’s perception of the extent to which their supervisors engage in the sustained display of hostile verbal and nonverbal behaviors, excluding physical contact” (Tepper, 2000, p. 178). It is considered a form of counterproductive workplace behavior which is opposite to the organization’s interests (Hoobler & Brass, 2006). Abusive supervision is perceptual in nature and based on an individual’s subjective assessment (Tepper, 2001). That is, some individuals may view their supervisor’s behavior as abusive in one situation and non abusive in another. Furthermore, two subordinates may differ in their assessment of a common supervisor’s actions. When confronted with abusive supervisory behaviors, subordinates may be unwilling to admit that they have experienced abusive supervision by their supervisors, while others may exaggerate their supervisor’s hostility. Abusive supervision has a downward influence effect (Tepper, Duffy, & Shaw, 2001). A supervisor’s negative actions tend to “flow downhill” (Hoobler & Brass, 2006, p. 1125)...
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...topic is how to predict if and when abusive supervision will occur within a work environment. The topic explains how abusive supervision can cost up to $23 billion in extra health car, workplace withdrawal, and lost productivity. b. Research Problem As the title of the article suggests, supervisor perceptions of deep-level dissimilarity, relationship conflicts, and subordinate performance, are usually good indicators of when a supervisor is going to be abusive to a subordinate. The authors refer to the only three published studies that have investigated the possible seeds of abusive supervision. In all of them they have found that abusive supervision is a response to that supervisor’s perception of mistreatment done to them at their employment. This helped explain why some supervisors might be more inclined to use hostile management then others, but none of them really answer why supervisor seem to target certain individuals. c. Research Questions Certain questions asked were like “How much relationship tension is there between you and this employee?” or “What is your personal view of your subordinate in terms of his or her overall effectiveness?” questions were asked like this to try and get a complete overview of particular supervisor and their subordinate. II. Review of the Literature The authors begin with the reasoning behind the research that they conducted and why it is important to stop abusive supervision before it even starts. They talk about...
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...Running header: Predictors of Abusive Supervision 1 Predictors of Abusive Supervision Article Critique - Unit 3 Columbia Southern University Predictors of Abusive Supervision 2 In Predictors of Abusive Supervision: Supervisor Perceptions of Deep-Level Dissimilarity, Relationship Conflict, and Subordinate Performance, authors Tepper, Moss, and Duffy conduct a study on their hypothesis of predictors for supervisor abuse toward subordinates. Abusive supervision costs companies and the victims as much as 23.8 billion dollars a year in increased health care, employee turnover, and production loss. (Tepper, Moss, & Duffy, 2011) Using the moral exclusion theories of perceived dissimilarity of employees, conflicts with employees, and the usefulness of employees, as their base ideas, they also bring into their study the performance evaluations given to subordinates by their supervisors and how they relate to the other predictors. Although the authors focus on relationship conflict and low performance evaluations as the predictors of abuse, I propose that it is actually usefulness to the supervisor and perceived dissimilarity that leads relationship conflicts and low evaluations to occur. Tepper, Moss, & Duffy (2011) propose that perceived dissimilarity is not the cause of abusive behavior, but instead it is perceived relationship conflict and low performance evaluations that lead to perceived dissimilarity. The low performance evaluations are what cause ...
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...Kristie Tolle Mr. Burton July 23, 2014 WR121 Generation Home Alone I remembered the rules –go straight home, have a snack, if somebody comes to the door, tell them we are busy; never tell them we are not home, do not go outside, do your homework, and do not call me at work. Besides chasing my sister back into the house when she escaped, we followed the rules and waited until our parents to get home. Merriam-Webster defines a Latchkey child as a school-aged child of working parents who must spend part of the day unsupervised (as at home) —called also latchkey kid Generation X,—born between 1965 and 1980— became a generation that was pushed into adulthood at an early age. It was an era of new technology. We watched the evolution of computers the size of a room become the norm as a desktop appliance. By interacting with computers at an early age, Gen Xers have a greater understanding of its concept. We spent less time with our parents then earlier generations. It was common for Boomer mothers to stay at home and raise their children, while the fathers went off to work. Unlike Boomers, Gen Xers were the first generation to be recognized as latchkey kids. Our generation found ourselves at home taking care of our younger siblings and ourselves while our parents worked. I never considered myself a Latchkey kid. I was like all the other fifth graders with working parents and younger siblings. I babysat all the time when my parents ran to the...
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...Characteristics of At-Risk Students: Latchkey Children Tiffany Tham AED 201 Linda Rosiak Axia College, University of Phoenix June 13, 2010 Children who go home to an empty house without parental supervision are called Latchkey Children. These children are usually left alone until one or both parents arrive home from work. Latchkey children are often told by parents not to open doors for strangers or step outside. A list of emergency contacts is usually left in a place where the children can see in case of an emergency. Parents usually provide a snack for the children to come home to while they wait for their parents’ to come home and make dinner. Some parents even cook dinner the night before so the child can just reheat and eat. I was not a Latchkey child, but many of my friends were. Many of them would walk home to an empty house every day; some of them would have food prepared for them; and some would have to do it themselves. At our age I never realized that my friends would be categorized as at risk students because they went home to no one. The programmed I researched is called the START program. The Start program helps children with anything from homework to tutoring, as well as reading, literacy, math and recreational activities. START also provides extended daycare needs to those students who need them. Each school’s extended program varies but all provides similar activities for students. Start also offers programs through community partners. The START program...
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...2013 MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS GROUP PROJECT: “US TREASURY BILLS AUCTION PRICING: ANALYSIS OF THE STRUCTURE AND PROCESSES” Professor: Done by: The goal of this paper was to analyze and explain the auction system process held by US Treasury and the possible alternatives for it (multiple-pricing auction). Introduction. The U.S. Treasury Department regularly borrows to finance the Federal Government's debt. From 1980 to 2006, the public debt of the United States grew from $930 billion to $8.68 trillion. Approximately one-half of that debt is held in Treasury bills, notes, and bonds, or "treasuries." The Treasury Department sells these securities at auctions held at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, and the Bureau of Public Debt (BPD) in Washington, D.C. The rest of the debt is held mostly in federal and federally sponsored agency securities and U.S. Savings Bonds, and is not sold through the auction process.1 The modern auction process for bills, notes, and bonds begins with a public announcement by the Treasury. A typical announcement might read, "The Treasury will auction $11,000 million of 91-day bills to refund $9,000 million of maturing securities and to raise about $2,000 million new cash." This statement clearly describes the 2 goals of Treasury: to refund old debt and to raise new funds. Such announcement is carried by...
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...Article Rebuttal “Three banks singled out for not helping homeowners” BCOM/275 Article Rebuttal Wells Fargo, Bank of America, and JPMorgan Chase are all banks that have been bailed out by the American taxpayer in order to make home affordability a reality. In an effort to assist homeowners, the Obama administration rolled out several Programs that would enable homeowners to modify their existing loans. The Department of Treasury and Housing and Urban Development created a program that would assist troubled homeowner during these challenging economic times. The Home Affordable Modification Program (HAMP) and the Home Affordable Refinance Program (HARP) were created to help modify and refinance loans that became unbearable to manage. The big three claim to have helped countless homeowners modify and refinance their current loans, yet homeowners have openly stated that they have been given the runaround. What is happening to the federal bailout money? Is it really being used for its initial intent? Claim 1 Bank of America claims to have helped tens of thousands of homeowners into mortgage modifications and refinances every month. The three lenders received $24 million in incentives from the government and get $1000 for each completed modification. . Rebuttal The Obama administration singled out three of the nation’s largest mortgage servicers for impeding its foreclosure efforts by failing to help homeowners modify their loans. The administration will withhold...
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...Washington Federal Savings University of Phoenix Business Law BUS 415 Deborah Gronet October 20, 2007 Washington Federal Savings Washington Federal Savings is a financial institution that has served communities statewide since 1917. As a savings and loan institution, Washington Federal offers checking and savings accounts and mortgage loans. Defining itself amongst competitors, Washington Federal provides customers with the “human touch” in its simplest form - quality customer service. Operating in eight states, Washington Federal maintains a relatively small staff of 885 employees. As a financial institution, Washington Federal is highly regulated by certain federal agency regulations. This paper will explore the regulations currently in effect for financial institutions, as well as the origin, evolution, and efficacy of these regulations within Washington Federal Savings. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation [FDIC] is an independent agency of the United States government. The FDIC protects depositors against the loss of deposits if an FDIC-insured bank or savings association fails. FDIC insurance is backed by the credit of the United States government. An insured bank is any bank or savings association with FDIC insurance (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation [FDIC], 2007). The FDIC was created in 1933 by the Glass-Steagall Act. This was a merging of two separate acts which were created by the U.S. government...
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...them. Starting in 2004 they started using a strategy in lending to make more money by taking high risk loans. In 2006 they started experienced high rates of failure and defaulting loans. By 2007 the bank was losing money that had to do with poor quality and fraudulent loans and securities. The bank internal control systems fail because no one took the evidence that was provided by employees in email, audit reports, and reviews seriously. The bank CEO and president was told of the extensive fraud by Long Beach Mortgage Company. After looking over the review the bank tried to stop the fraud, but it was ineffective. The senior management also helped in sells the delinquency loans to investors. Regulatory failure of the Office of Thrift Supervision (OTS) did not try to stop what they knew was unsafe and unsound practices at WaMu that help with their down fall. This bank had over 500 grave defects. The records of OTS has shown that during the last five years the bank had many problems dealing with lending, risk management, asset quality, and appraisal practices, but WaMu told OTS that the problems would be fixed, it never happen. OTS did not follow through with enforcement acted. 1999 WaMu bought Long Beach Mortgage Company and they started doing shoddy lending procedures. WaMu knew the loans were fraudulent...
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...What caused the financial crisis of 2008 and who is responsible for it? My original intent for this paper was to argue that market failure, particularly in the housing sector, was the primary cause for the crash. Unfortunately my research has lead me in a different direction. According to the discussions we had in class that means I should be arguing from the perspective that the crisis was caused by government intervention then, right? I’m not so sure that’s the case either. Instead I’ll argue that the financial crisis of 2007-08 and the following “Great Recession” were the result of a perfect storm of both regulatory and market failure. Senators Carl Levin and Tom Coburn lead a 2-year long Senate subcommittee investigation into the crash. In April 2011 they released a 635 page report on their findings where they concluded that there was indeed no singular cause of the crash. The bipartisan subcommittee implicates several primary causes. Inflated credit ratings on mortgage related securities are cited as being “…the most immediate cause of the financial crisis…” The two primary rating firms, Standard & Poors and Moody’s had been assigning risk profiles to mortgage related securities similar to that of Treasury Bills – widely regarded as the most secure investment you can make since the government can just print money to pay you. In July of 2007 both firms did massive downgrades that exposed how risky these investments actually were. The downgrades resulted in a...
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...The Logic of JPMorgan Chase Whale Trades The main purpose of this report is to expose the findings and misconduct of disclosing important information of the JPMorgan Chase Whale Trades. This report explicitly details the negligence by the Chief Investment Office in misleading the Office of the Comptroller of Currency of their Synthetic Credit Portfolio. The author’s intention is to inform what went wrong with the trading in the derivatives market by JPMorgan Chase. The key question the author is addressing is why the CIO deviated from their standard midpoint markings to later assigning more favorable prices. Also, the author is addressing why the OCC was unaware of the losses and the risk associated with the SCP. The most important information in this article is the deceptive actions committed by the CIO in the London Whale Trades. It became apparent that senior managers downplayed the problems of the SCP and kept describing the portfolio as a risk-reducing hedge, when in actuality it was a massive portfolio losing billions of dollars and had stopped providing credit loss protection to the bank. The whale trades shows how financial institutions engage in high risk trading activities with federally insure deposits and attempted to divert attention from these synthetic derivatives. The main conclusion s in this article is a combination of poorly executed hedging decisions by the CIO of JPMorgan Chase in their SCP. The CIO failed to alert its regulators of their actions...
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...Economic Impact of Fines Imposed on Banks Ebony Miller-Pugh Wilmington University Abstract This paper will discuss the fines imposed on banks. Furthermore, this paper will determine if these fines have an effect on the economy – both from a national and global scale. I believe that fines imposed on banks will have a detrimental effect on the economy. In my opinion, the top three potential impacts of these fines are: Lower profits Potential lending issues Consumer and employee impact Introduction The financial institution of today is vastly different from those of yesteryear. Those that have survived the test of time and have been in business for many years have seen many changes over the years. Those changes in which financial institutions face differ greatly within a global, and national and a regional one. Regulators today are no loner letting things “slide” and are imposing steep fines and/or penalties to financial institutions in an effort to enable a business environment where the “right way of doing business” supersedes that of pure profit. Global financial institutions are on an uphill battle as well. They have to do right by their stakeholders – they have a fiduciary responsibility – while also maintaining the laws and regulations within the company as a whole and also within each jurisdiction they are located. Financial institutions today are faced with increasing regulations from a regional...
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...Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/obhdp Abusive supervision, intentions to quit, and employees’ workplace deviance: A power/dependence analysis Bennett J. Tepper a,*, Jon C. Carr b, Denise M. Breaux c, Sharon Geider d, Changya Hu e, Wei Hua f a Department of Managerial Sciences, J. Mack Robinson College of Business, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302-4014, United States Department of Management, Neeley School of Business, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States c Department of Management, College of Business Administration, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States d Department of Sociology, Criminal Justice, & Anthropology, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States e Department of Business Administration, National Chengchi University, Taipei 116, Taiwan f Department of Organizational Behavior and Human Resources, Lee Kong Chian School of Business, Singapore Management University, Singapore b a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t We conducted a two-study examination of relationships between abusive supervision and subordinates’ workplace deviance. Consistent with predictions derived from power/dependence theory, the results of a cross-sectional study with employees from three organizations suggest that abusive supervision is more strongly associated with subordinates’ organization deviance and supervisor-directed deviance...
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...interventions are common for most youths who sexually offend, there are many interventions that apply to only some youths. If the cycle is not personalised, it will not be able to inform treatment plans or guide intervention methods (Ryan, Lane and Leversee. 2010). The model can also help the families of JSO to understand and recognise patterns of abusive behaviour, which in turn can help them in the supervision of their youths. The family and especially the parents have a duty to supervise...
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