...Managerial accounting is concerned with providing information to managers-that is, people inside an organization who direct and control its operation. In contrast, financial accounting is concerned with providing information to stockholders, creditors, and others who are outside an organization. Managerial accounting provides the essential data with which the organizations are actually run. Managerial accounting is also termed as management accounting or cost accounting. Financial accounting provides the scorecard by which a company's overall past performance is judged by outsiders. Managerial accountants prepare a variety of reports. Some reports focus on how well managers or business units have performed-comparing actual results to plans and to benchmarks. Some reports provide timely, frequent updates on key indicators such as orders received, order backlog, capacity utilization, and sales. Other analytical reports are prepared as needed to investigate specific problems such as a decline in the profitability of a product line. And yet other reports analyze a developing business situation or opportunity. In contrast, financial accounting is oriented toward producing a limited set of specific prescribed annual and quarterly financial statements in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). (Ray H. Garrison Eric W Noreen 1999). Managerial accounting is managers oriented therefore its study must be preceded by some understanding of what managers do, the...
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...Managerial Accounting: Chapter 1: Managerial Accounting: An Overview - This chapter explains why managerial accounting is important to the future careers of all business students. It answers three questions: (1) What is managerial accounting? (2) Why does managerial accounting matter to your career? (3) What skills do managers need to succeed? It also discusses the importance of ethics in business and corporate social responsibility. □ What is Managerial Accounting? | Financial Accounting | Managerial Accounting | 1. Users | External persons whomake financial decisions | Managers who plan for and control an organization | 2. Time focus | Historical perspective | Future emphasis | 3. Verifiability versus relevance | Emphasis on objectivity and verifiability | Emphasis on Relevance | 4. Precision versus timelines | Emphasis on precision | Emphasis on timeliness | 5. Subject | Primary focus is on companywide reports | Focus on Segment reports | 6. Rules | Must follow GAAP / IFRS | Not bound by GAAP / IFRS | 7. Requirement | Mandatory for external reports | Not Mandatory | There are seven key differences between financial accounting and managerial accounting: 1. Users: Financial accounting reports are prepared for external parties, whereas managerial accounting reports are prepared for internal users. 2. Emphasis on the future: Financial accounting summarizes past transactions. Managerial accounting has a strong future orientation. 3. Relevance...
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...Goal of Managerial Accounting http://edugen.wileyplus.com/edugen/courses/crs4637/rc/jiambalvo3341c... GOAL OF MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING LEARNING OBJECTIVE 1 State the primary goal of managerial accounting. Virtually all managers need to plan and control their operations and make a variety of decisions. The goal of managerial accounting is to provide the information they need for planning, control, and decision making. If your goal is to be an effective manager, a thorough understanding of managerial accounting is essential. Planning LEARNING OBJECTIVE 2 Describe how budgets are used in planning. Planning is a key activity for all companies. A plan communicates a company's goals to employees aiding coordination of various functions, such as sales and production.A plan also specifies the resources needed to achieve company goals. Budgets for Planning The financial plans prepared by managerial accountants are referred to as budgets. A wide variety of budgets may be prepared. For example, a profit budget indicates planned income, a cash-flow budget indicates planned cash inflows and outflows, and a production budget indicates the planned quantity of production and the expected costs. Consider the production budget for Surge Performance Beverage Company. In the coming year, the company plans to produce 5,000,000 12-ounce bottles. This amount is based on forecasted sales. To produce this volume, the company estimates it will spend $1,500,000 on bottles, $400,000...
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...difference between managerial accountant and a financial accountant are vastly different. Investopedia defines managerial accounting as the process of identifying, measuring, analyzing, interpreting, and communicating information for the pursuit of an organization's goals. The information that a managerial account has is primarily targeted to assist managers inside the organization to make better decisions for the company ("Financial accounting," ). On the other hand the financial accounting is greatly different in that it is a method of recording, summarizing and reporting the numerous amounts of dealings from an industry; as a result it makes available a precise representation of the business fiscal situation and performance. The most important objective of financial accounting is the planning of financial statements - including the balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement that condenses the firm's functioning presentation over a specific period, and financial position at a precise point in time. These statements - which are normally prepared quarterly and annually, and in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) - are aimed at external parties including investors, creditors, regulators and tax authorities ("Financial accounting," ). The key difference between financial and managerial accounting is that financial accounting is aimed at providing information to parties outside the organization, whereas managerial accounting information is aimed...
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...Chapter 1 Introduction to Managerial Accounting Regardless of your major or intended career path, most of you will become managers one day. A manager has responsibility and control of selected parts of a company’s operations, or in some cases, multiple aspects of operations. Only those of you that happen to stay at the ‘bottom’ of a company, prefer never to get promoted, or never accept any responsibility for some aspect of a business, will miss the ‘management’ opportunity. Fortunately, none of you will likely fall into this persona given that you have taken the initiative to attend college. Understanding managerial accounting will help you move up the ladder more quickly, regardless of your chosen career path. How Can Managerial Accounting Help You? In any responsible business capacity, your boss and all other management levels above you will want to know how well you handle your responsibilities. To do so requires that they measure your performance. The evaluation process is similar to your perceptions in each college course in which you enroll. During your first class meeting in each course, one of your initial goals is to find out how your performance will be evaluated. In a business environment, you want to know what they expect, i.e., how they will measure your performance. While you won’t be earning letter grades in the business world, your performance will ultimately translate into promotions, bonuses, raises, reprimands, or perhaps dreaded walking...
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...Introduction to Managerial Accounting Regardless of your major or intended career path, most of you will become managers one day. A manager has responsibility and control of selected parts of a company’s operations, or in some cases, multiple aspects of operations. Only those of you that happen to stay at the ‘bottom’ of a company, prefer never to get promoted, or never accept any responsibility for some aspect of a business, will miss the ‘management’ opportunity. Fortunately, none of you will likely fall into this persona given that you have taken the initiative to attend college. Understanding managerial accounting will help you move up the ladder more quickly, regardless of your chosen career path. How Can Managerial Accounting Help You? In any responsible business capacity, your boss and all other management levels above you will want to know how well you handle your responsibilities. To do so requires that they measure your performance. The evaluation process is similar to your perceptions in each college course in which you enroll. During your first class meeting in each course, one of your initial goals is to find out how your performance will be evaluated. In a business environment, you want to know what they expect, i.e., how they will measure your performance. While you won’t be earning letter grades in the business world, your performance will ultimately translate into promotions, bonuses, raises, reprimands, or perhaps dreaded walking...
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...Blanchard College of Business This course is designed to prepare students for the graduate learning experience at Grand Canyon University. Students have opportunities to develop and strengthen the skills necessary to succeed as graduate students in the Ken Blanchard College of Business. Emphasis is placed on utilizing the tools for graduate success. 2 MGT-605 Leadership and Organizations The purpose of this course is to introduce students to the Ken Blanchard College of Business, key concepts of leadership, and an overview of how the science of organizational behavior contributes to effective leaders and managers. 4 ACC-502 Accounting Practices This course is designed for individuals who are preparing for more advanced coursework in accounting and for students who have not had accounting in undergraduate work. Topics covered include the principles and practices of financial accounting and the fundamentals of managerial accounting, such as cost behavior and budgeting. The course covers accounting theories using computational examples, and homework is problem solving. 4 FIN-504 Finance Principles This course is designed for individuals who are preparing for more advanced coursework in accounting and is designed for students who have not had finance in undergraduate work. Topics covered include financial analysis, financial planning, asset evaluation, capital structure, and working capital management. 4 SYM-506 Applied Business Probability and Statistics The purpose of...
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...II. CLASSIFICATION OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION/ ACCOUNTING DISCIPLINES 1. The Accounting Profession The accounting profession may be divided into two disciplines, namely private accounting and public accounting. a) Private accounting These are accountants employed by a business firm or a NGO- frequently called management accountants. b) Public accounting This provides services on a fee basis. An accountant may practice as an individual or as a member of a public accounting firm. Public accountants who meet the required education, experience and pass required examinations may become CPA’s. 2. Specialized accounting fields/ branches There are several specialized fields in accounting. The two most common are financial accounting and managerial accounting ( this is based on user’s point of view). Other fields include:- Cost accounting, Environmental accounting, Tax accounting, Social accounting, etc. 3. Management Accounting – Management accounting is concerned with the provision of appropriate financial information to people within the organization (management and employees) to help them make better decisions. – It involves professional knowledge and skills in the preparation, presentation and interpretation of information required by management at all levels of the organizational structure. ← In other words, Management Accounting is concerned with data gathering (from both internal and external sources), analyzing, processing, interpreting...
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...Public Sector’, which is more strategic and corporate in its thinking. This ‘New Public Sector’ is intended to replace a public sector characterized by bureaucracy, professionalism and departmentalism. In this paper we take a specific look at the National Offender Management Service (NOMS) from an accounting perspective to shed light on the influence and changes involved of defining something as an accounting entity. We will look closer at and critically evaluate the issues involved in the representation of NOMS as an accounting entity. Furthermore, we will analyze the implications of the representation of NOMS as an accounting entity on definitions of organizational accountability. Therefore, we look in a next step which aspects of NOMS’ accountability are highlighted in the Accounts and what aspects are left out? Finally we examine what issues, items and risks are kept “off-balance sheet”? And what might be consequences of this. According to Hendrikson (1970) defining something as an accounting entity is to represent an area of interest, to make real and to circumscribe the objects and activities of which financial reports will speak. Therefore the concept of an economic or accounting entity assumes a more or less common agreement that something concrete, bounded and whole...
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...Individual Assignment Advanced Management Accounting ACCT 4000 Presented to: Alan Dryden Presented by: Priscilla Lee Date: November 19, 2015 Magna International Inc. is a global automotive supplier, which manufactures auto parts, based in Aurora, Ontario, Canada. Magna consists of “285 manufacturing operations and 83 product development, engineering and sales centres in 29 countries, …[with] over 125,000 employees.” 2 Magna supplies auto parts to companies such as the Big 3, General Motors, Ford Motor Company, and Chrysler LLC. As well as, Tesla Motors, Volkswagen, BMW, Toyota, and other auto companies internationally. The vision that Magna stands by states: We aim to be our customers’ preferred global supplier partner for the automotive industry, by delivering the best value built on innovative products and processes and World Class Manufacturing. We strive to be the employer choice, an ethical and responsible corporate citizen and a superior long-term investment for our shareholders.[1] Here, this report will discuss some of the management strategies, and their control systems and processes that assist Magna deal with problems, improvements, and future growth of the organization. A “strategy specifies how an organization can create value for its customers while differentiating itself from its competitors”[2] In Magna’s Board Charter document, displays...
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...Map for Horngren, Foster & Datar: Cost Accounting: A Managerial Emphasis, 10th Edition (Prentice Hall) This map was prepared by an experienced editor at HBS Publishing, not by a teaching professor. Faculty at Harvard Business School were not involved in analyzing the textbook or selecting the cases and articles. Every case map provides only a partial list of relevant items from HBS Publishing. To explore alternatives, or for more information on the cases listed below, visit: www.hbsp.harvard.edu/educators Case Title Institution, HBSP Product Number, Length, Teaching Note Geographical and Industry Setting, Company Size, Time Frame Abstract, Key Subjects PART ONE: COST ACCOUNTING FUNDAMENTALS Chapter 1: The Accountant’s Role in the Organization Chapter 2: An Introduction to Cost Terms and Purposes Carver HBSP United States, Consulting Co. #199006 consulting, 10,000 7p employees, 1994 Daniel Dobbins Distillery, Inc. HBSP #189065 7p TN #189172 Tennessee, liquor distillery, 1988 The managing partner of a relatively new consulting firm is concerned because training costs at the firm's new training center are higher than expected. Analysis of actual costs compared to those expected is required. In addition, he is considering capitalizing some training costs for later amortization. A management control system for the center is also a priority. A distiller increases whiskey production and income declines because of accounting methods in use. Questions are raised regarding...
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...The Difference Between Managerial Accounting and Financial Accounting ACC 560 Term Paper In this term paper the author will discuss Managerial Accounting and the components of Managerial Accounting. The author will also compare the different components of financial accounting compared to managerial accounting. According to McGraw Hill, Managerial Accounting is concerned with providing information to managers, people inside an organization who direct and control its operations.” (Garrison & Noreen) Financial Accounting according to McGraw Hill “is concerned with providing information to stockholders, creditors and others who are outside an organization.” (Garrison & Noreen) In managerial accounting a wide variety of reports are prepared. Reports in managerial accounting focus on how well managers and businesses have performed. Most of these reports provide timely, frequent updates on information regarding when orders are received, sales, order backlog, and utilization. Also, according to McGraw Hill, “financial accounting is oriented toward providing a limited set of specific annual and quarterly financial statements in accordance to the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP).” (Garrison & Noreen) Managerial Accounting does not have too followed the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). For this reason, managers set aside their own rules concerning the content and form of internal reports. The only...
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...In manufacturing to produce subjective items cost not exactly creating not subjective items with the less costs. Since if organization delivers top notch item despite the fact that the item's COGS will be more, the organization will pick up trust of client, great notoriety and long haul stable clients who will come back to purchase the item. Then again if organization produces not subjective items the COGS will be less, but rather it will prompt the costlier results, for example, duplicating the same item keeping in mind the end goal to swap it for the client and it will lose its notoriety according to clients which will make faithful clients to go the contenders. Managers have found that enhanced quality and narrow mindedness for high spoilage have brought down general expenses and expanded deals. As for the situation with Boeing Dreamliner, where the planes with the low quality cost for organization $2.5 billion to add to the planes' quality and alternate clients which are Quantas Airways and a Dubai-based air ship renting firm both crossed out the request for 15 planes with the cost of by and large for $4.5 billion. "Like Boeing, organizations are progressively centered around enhancing the nature of, and decreasing deformities in, their items, administrations, and exercises. A rate of imperfections viewed as typical in the past is no fairer. In this section, we concentrate on three sorts of expenses that emerge as an aftereffect of imperfections—spoilage, rework, and scrap—and...
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...Accounting is the disciplinary technology which enables the prioritising of the financial above all other considerations (Loft 1991). As the focus of a business is on profit, prominence must be placed on the circumstances in which the finances exist. However, as this literature review will highlight, there is more to operating and maintaining a business than money – the human aspect should never be underestimated and can never be eliminated. The emphasis of this literature review examines, quite fittingly, some of the works written on management accounting, a topic which gives credence to both the financial and the behavioural aspects of an organisation. It hones in on monetary costs and the need for control on and from management to ensure the longevity of the organisation. Management accounting defined The inherent difference between the two main types of accounting is in the usage of information. Ultimately, the different uses and users of the information mean that each type incorporates different techniques, which also set the two apart. However, Kieso, Weygandt, & Warfield (2011) capture the essence of the separateness in their definitions of the terms: Financial accounting is the process that culminates in the preparation of financial reports on the enterprise for use by both internal and external parties. (p. 5) whereas Managerial accounting is the process of identifying, measuring, analysing, and communicating financial information needed by management to plan...
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...Introduction to Accounting Why Study Accounting? Engineering Accounting • Accounting is pervasive • Used in all types of organizations An Overview Richard S. Barr – For-profit companies – Not-for-profit companies – Governmental organizations 1 2 Organizations Accounting Common characteristics: • An objective or group of objectives • A set of strategies to achieve its objectives • Managers • A key element of management • You must understand what is being reported – – • Managers' performance is often measured by accounting data • This data is used for decision making • An organizational structure – • A need for information 3 Accounting Systems 4 Types of Information • Are the primary quantitative information system in most organizations In accounting systems: • Attention-directing – – Types of information – Purposes of accounting systems • Problem-solving – • Scorekeeping – 5 6 1 Introduction to Accounting Purposes of Acctg Systems Accounting Systems • Internal reporting to managers for planning and control • Internal reporting for special decisions, policies, and long-range plans • External reporting Four Standard Types 7 8 Types of Accounting Systems Financial Accounting 1. 2. 3. 4. • Primarily for the external decision maker Financial Tax Management Cost – – – • External reporting follows legal and GAAP requirements • Objective:...
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