...control-based technologies and policies designed to adhere to regulatory compliance rules and protect information, data applications and infrastructure associated with cloud computing use. http://searchcompliance.techtarget.com/definition/cloud-computing-security https://cloudsecurityalliance.org/topthreats/csathreats.v1.0.pdf Threats from cloud computing IaaS providers offer their customers the illusion of unlimited compute, network, and storage capacity — often coupled with a ‘frictionless’ registration process where anyone with a valid credit card can register and immediately begin using cloud services. Some providers even offer free limited trial periods. By abusing the relative anonymity behind these registration and usage models, spammers, malicious code authors, and other criminals have been able to conduct their activities with relative impunity. PaaS providers have traditionally suffered most from this kind of attacks; however, recent evidence shows that hackers have begun to target IaaS vendors as well. Future areas of concern include password and key cracking, DDOS, launching dynamic attack points, hosting malicious data, botnet command and control, building rainbow tables, and CAPTCHA solving farms. Threat #3: Malicious Insiders Description The threat of a malicious insider is well-known to most organizations. This threat is amplified for consumers of cloud services by the convergence of IT services and customers under a single management...
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...| | | | 1. 안전한 전자정부를 위한 법제도 E-signatures Legislation passed in the U.S., Canada, U.K., E.U., Australia, New Zealand, and most nations around the world establishes the legality of e-signatures. Documents signed online with legally compliant e-signature software are as valid and binding as traditional pen-and-paper documents. E-signatures have been upheld in numerous court cases and, in many situations, prove to be more defensible than pen signatures. This legal strength is due to the robust authentication data captured by online signature software, which provides digital evidence of who signed a document, as well as when, where, and how they did it. Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act (U.S) The E-SIGN Act, passed by Congress in June, 2000, is the premier federal law ensuring the legality of documents executed with e-signatures in the United States. The E-SIGN Act states that contracts with electronic signatures may not be denied legal effect or ruled unenforceable because they were created digitally. Uniform Electronic Transactions Act (U.S.) The National Conference of Commissioners of Uniform State Laws developed the UETA in order to bring consistency to potentially varying state laws regarding e-signatures and online document execution. Now adopted by 47 states thus far, the UETA works in unison with the federal E-SIGN Act to protect the legal enforceability of electronic contracts. Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents...
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...Jack Ferguson 12 May 14 Lab #8 In cryptography, encryption is the process of encoding messages in such a way that eavesdroppers or hackers cannot read it, but that authorized parties can. In an encryption scheme, the message or information (referred to as plaintext) is encrypted using an encryption algorithm, turning it into an unreadable ciphertext . This is usually done with the use of an encryption key, which specifies how the message is to be encoded. Any adversary that can see the ciphertext should not be able to determine anything about the original message. An authorized party, however, is able to decode the ciphertext using a decryption algorithm, that usually requires a secret decryption key that adversaries do not have access to. For technical reasons, an encryption scheme usually needs a key-generation algorithm to randomly produce keys. There are two basic types of encryption schemes: Symmetric-key and public-key encryption. In symmetric-key schemes, the encryption and decryption keys are the same. Thus communicating parties must agree on a secret key before they wish to communicate. In public-key schemes, the encryption key is published for anyone to use and encrypt messages. However, only the receiving party has access to the decryption key and is capable of reading the encrypted messages. Public-key encryption is a relatively recent invention: historically, all encryption schemes have been symmetric-key (also called private-key) schemes...
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...source and continues to exploit such information for use against our forces. Some soldiers continue to post sensitive information to internet websites and blogs, e.g., photos depicting weapon system vulnerabilities and tactics, techniques, and procedures. Such OPSEC violations needlessly place lives at risk and degrade the effectiveness of our operations.” Peter Schoomaker (1). Operations Security (OPSEC), while a relatively recent term, is an operations enabler that has been practiced in varying degrees throughout history. This document will explore the history of OPSEC as it’s known today, discuss the process and its role in disrupting the capabilities of adversarial forces using multiple collection and planning models and examine the rapidly advancing technical capabilities of threat vectors. OPSEC as a concept was developed during the Vietnam War under the command of Admiral Ulyssess Sharp. The mission of the newly-established “Purple Dragon” team was to determine how the enemy was able to gather information on military operations (2). The team was able to understand the need to alter tactics and procedures to reduce an adversary's ability to make educated predictions based on the knowledge of routines (3). Post-war OPSEC was formally established as a national program when President Ronald Regan signed the National Security Decision Directive Number 298 in 1988 (4/ p1). Although the program was created as a result of the Purple...
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...4 Anonymous Hacktivism and Contemporary Politics Christian Fuchs 1. INTRODUCTION It is Friday, August 6, 2012, on the Internet. Sixty-seven years earlier, on August 6, 1945, the U.S. dropped the first atom bomb on Hiroshima. One hears a song by Trey Parker: "America. Fuck yeah. [. . .] So lick my butt and suck on my balls, America, fuck yeah! Whatcha' gonna do when we come for you now? (. . .) McDonalds, fuck yeah! Wal-Mart, fuck yeah!" Pictures of cats that look human are accompanied by the request, "I want to start a collection of my fetish catboys so post moar!" There is a link to a live cam on Times Square. One also finds an image showing a burning American flag that is accompanied by the logos of McDonald's and images of a can of Mountain Dew, the Statue of Liberty, a guitar player and a screaming bear. "You should kill yourself, fucking AMERRRICCAAA, you little fag- got." A rapper writes a new song and says that the first few minutes of the discussion in his thread will become part of the song. There is a story about a brother who tries to seduce his sister, but it turns out that his sister is a large arthropod. There is a thread with images of female but- tocks, accompanied by an announcement that one of the portrayed girls receives prank phone calls. One sees a picture of a couple having oral sex accompanied by the text "PORNO FUCK YEAH!" as well as a picture of a drunk sleeping man accompanied by the text "buddy passed out after 11 Coors...
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...THREAT MODELING AND ITS USAGE IN MITIGATING SECURITY THREATS IN AN APPLICATION Thesis Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF TECHNOLOGY in COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING - INFORMATION SECURITY by EBENEZER JANGAM (07IS02F) DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY KARNATAKA SURATHKAL, MANGALORE-575025 JULY, 2009 Dedicated To My Family, Brothers & Suraksha Group Members DECLARATION I hereby declare that the Report of the P.G Project Work entitled "THREAT MODELING AND ITS USAGE IN MITIGATING SECURITY THREATS IN AN APPLICATION" which is being submitted to the National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Degree of Master of Technology in Computer Science & Engineering - Information Security in the Department of Computer Engineering, is a bonafide report of the work carried out by me. The material contained in this report has not been submitted to any University or Institution for the award of any degree. ……………………………………………………………………………….. (Register Number, Name & Signature of the Student) Department of Computer Engineering Place: NITK, SURATHKAL Date: ............................ CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the P.G Project Work Report entitled " THREAT MODELING AND ITS USAGE IN MITIGATING SECURITY THREATS IN AN APPLICATION" submitted by Ebenezer Jangam (Register Number:07IS02F)...
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...Barbarians at the Gateway (and just about everywhere else): A Brief Managerial Introduction to Information Security Issues1 a gallaugher.com case provided free to faculty & students for non-commercial use © Copyright 1997-2009, John M. Gallaugher, Ph.D. – for more info see: http://www.gallaugher.com/chapters.html Draft version last modified: Dec. 7 , 2009 – comments welcome john.gallaugher@bc.edu Note: this is an earlier version of the chapter. All chapters updated Dec. 2009 are now hosted (and still free) at http://www.flatworldknowledge.com. For details see the ‘Courseware’ section of http://gallaugher.com INTRODUCTION LEARNING OBJECTIVES: After studying this section you should be able to: 1. Recognize that information security breaches are on the rise. 2. Understand the potentially damaging impact of security breaches. 3. Recognize that information security must be made a top organizational priority. Sitting in the parking lot of a Minneapolis Marshalls, a hacker armed with a laptop and a telescope‐shaped antenna infiltrated the store’s network via an insecure Wi‐Fi base station. The attack launched what would become a billion‐dollar plus nightmare scenario for TJX, the parent of retail chains that include Marshalls, Home Goods, and T.J. Maxx. Over a period of several months, the hacker and his gang stole at least 45.7 million credit and debit card numbers, and pilfered driver’s license and other private information from an additional ...
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...COMMON VULNERABILITIES IN CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE CONTROL SYSTEMS Jason Stamp, John Dillinger, and William Young Networked Systems Survivability and Assurance Department Jennifer DePoy Information Operations Red Team & Assessments Department Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque, NM 87185-0785 22 May 2003 (2nd edition, revised 11 November 2003) Copyright © 2003, Sandia Corporation. All rights reserved. Permission is granted to display, copy, publish, and distribute this document in its entirety, provided that the copies are not used for commercial advantage and that the present copyright notice is included in all copies, so that the recipients of such copies are equally bound to abide by the present conditions. Unlimited release – approved for public release. Sandia National Laboratories report SAND2003-1772C. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. ABSTRACT Sandia National Laboratories, as part of its mission to ensure national security, has engaged in vulnerability assessments for IT systems with the main focus on control and automation systems used in United States critical infrastructures. Over the last few years, diverse customers from the electric power, petroleum, natural gas, and water infrastructure have partnered with us to gain insight into their critical vulnerabilities...
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...A Key Concept in Information Systems Strayer University - CIS109 A Key Concept in Information Systems In this paper we will provide an overview and history of computer and network security. We will identify one current use of computer and network security and provide an example of this concept in practical use. A discussion of attitudes towards computer and network security will be made and justifications towards the attitude. We will explain the fundamental strengths and weaknesses toward computer and network security and will provide expert views regarding computer and network security. An overview of the origin and history of computer and network security. Lately enthusiasm for security was energized by the wrongdoing submitted by Kevin Mitnick. Kevin Mitnick carried out the biggest computer related wrongdoing in U.S. history. The misfortunes were eighty million in United States dollars, and licensed innovation and source code from a mixture of organizations. From that point forward, data security came into the spotlight. Open systems are being depended upon to convey budgetary and individual data. Because of the development of data that is made accessible through the web, data security is moreover needed to develop. Because of Kevin Mitnick's offense, organizations are underscoring security for the protected innovation. The web has been a driving power for information security change. Web conventions in the past were not developed to secure themselves. Inside of the...
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...Northcutt Accepted: August 5th 2014 Abstract In December 2013 over 40 million credit cards were stolen from nearly 2000 Target stores by accessing data on point of sale (POS) systems. This paper will explore known issues in the Target breach and consider some of the Critical Controls that could have been used to both prevent this breach and mitigate losses. From what is known about the Target breach, there were multiple factors that led to data loss: vendors were subject to phishing attacks, network segregation was lacking, point of sale systems were vulnerable to memory scraping malware and detection strategies employed by Target failed. A possible solution for preventing and mitigating similar breaches using a defense in depth model will be presented using a multi-layered security strategy. Considerations of human factors that contributed to the losses in this case will also be addressed. ! ! [1.0%August%2014]% ! ! Case Study: Critical Controls that Could Have Prevented Target Breach! 2 1. Introduction Target...
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...Sir Thomas Malory, Alfred Lord Tennyson and Monty Python, this definition of chivalry remains constant, although with a particular focus on the tropes of physical prowess, superhuman endurance in combat and dutiful respect of ladies. However, as Leigh Hunt remarked of Tennyson’s Idylls of the King, the poem ‘treats the modes and feelings of one generation in the style of another’. I would argue that, in fact, this applies directly to all three writers. Malory presents the reader with an earthy, realistic, yet anachronistic representation to demonstrate the worth of such ideals in a country wrought with decline and chaos during the Wars of the Roses. Tennyson idealizes this knightly conduct: this glamorization of chivalry functions as a model which, for Tennyson, reflects the applauded propriety of Prince Albert and other Victorian gentry. Monty Python, in tune with the 1960/70s synonymous with the radical and subversive, deride the chivalric values which to them seem impractical and unrealistic. In medieval Arthurian literature, physical prowess was a knightly imperative. Being seemingly undefeatable in battle was the basic underlying currency of the medieval feudal system. For example, Thomas of Chestre’s fourteenth-century warrior, Sir Launfal, slays ‘Syr Valentyne’, who ‘was wonder...
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...QR Code Security Peter Kieseberg, Manuel Leithner, Martin Mulazzani, Lindsay Munroe, Sebastian Schrittwieser, Mayank Sinha, Edgar Weippl SBA Research Favoritenstrasse 16 AT-1040 Vienna, Austria [1stletterfirstname][lastname]@sba-research.org ABSTRACT This paper examines QR Codes and how they can be used to attack both human interaction and automated systems. As the encoded information is intended to be machine readable only, a human cannot distinguish between a valid and a maliciously manipulated QR code. While humans might fall for phishing attacks, automated readers are most likely vulnerable to SQL injections and command injections. Our contribution consists of an analysis of the QR Code as an attack vector, showing different attack strategies from the attackers point of view and exploring their possible consequences. Figure 2: QR Code cards, public transport vehicles, etc. Indeed, this mechanism has a vast number of potential applications [4, 1, 2, 13, 9]. For instance, the sports brand Umbro have embedded QR codes into the collars of England football shirts, sending fans to a secret website where prizes can be won. In this paper, we explore the structure and creation process of QR codes as well as potential attacks against or utilizing QR codes. We give an overview of the error correction capabilities and possible ways to alter both error correction data and payload in order to either modify or inject information into existing codes. Furthermore, we explore numerous...
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...B. Create a business contingency plan (BCP) that the company would follow if faced with a major business disruption (e.g., hurricane, tornado, terrorist attack, loss of a data center, the sudden loss of a call center in a foreign country, the collapse of a financial market or other catastrophic event) in which you include the following: Business Contingency Plan (BCP) Definition: “Business continuity planning (BCP) ‘identifies an organization's exposure to internal and external threats and synthesizes hard and soft assets to provide effective prevention and recovery for the organization, while maintaining competitive advantage and value system integrity’. It is also called business continuity and resiliency planning (BCRP). A business continuity plan is a roadmap for continuing operations under adverse conditions such as a storm or a crime,” (Business continuity planning, n.d.). 1. Analyze strategic pre-incident changes the company would follow to ensure the well-being of the enterprise: Notes: outline proactive suggestions that can be made in advance of potential risks actuating into disaster, e.g., training, drills, company policies and procedures and so forth. Create strategic pre-incident strategy that incorporates the following elements and considerations: • Identify potential risks for each IPC business operation in all its domestic and international locations. This identification process may include: Potential risks may be inherent to the various IPC business...
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... 10………………………………………………………… Risk Identification 11……………………………………………………………………….. Risk Identification C. 12……………………………………………………… Risk Assessment 13…………………………………………………… Risk Response Matrix 14……………………………………………………. First & Second Highest Risk 15……………………………………………………… Communication Plan 16………………………………………………. Communication Plan Matrix 17……………………………………… Performance Measurement and Control Approach 18……………………………………………………… Audit Process and Timetable 19…………………………………………………… Customer Review 20………………………………………………………Conclusion / Recommendation Executive Summary Through the use of personal computers, customized computer software, and unclassified databases, the Natural Resource Defense Council (NRDC) is now able to model nuclear conflict and approximate the effects of the use of nuclear weapons. For the first time, this allows nongovernmental organizations and scholars to perform analyses that approximate certain aspects of the U.S. The plan results from highly classified guidance from the President, the Secretary of Defense, and the Joint Chiefs of Staff. The Joint Chiefs of Staff then set requirements for how much damage our nuclear warheads must achieve. Most of the requirements call on U.S. Strategic Command to target Russia, but China and other nations are also viewed...
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...Guidelines for Secure Use of Social Media by Federal Departments and Agencies Information Security and Identity Management Committee (ISIMC) Network and Infrastructure Security Subcommittee (NISSC) Web 2.0 Security Working Group (W20SWG) Version 1.0 September 2009 This document is publicly releasable Intended Audience This document is intended as guidance for any federal agency that uses social media services to collaborate and communicate among employees, partners, other federal agencies, and the public. Note: The Federal CIO Council does not endorse the use or imply preference for any vendor commercial products or services mentioned in this document. Guidelines for Secure Use of Social Media by Federal Departments and Agencies Page 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTENDED AUDIENCE............................................................................................................................................2 REVISION HISTORY ................................................................................................................................................4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................................................................5 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .........................................................................................................................................6 RISKS ......................................................
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