Urban Workers: * Establish planning (Central Planning) * Annual planning, similar to soviet style * Went back to recognising hierarchy and experts (Chinese) * Russians began to fear China, they armed the Chinese border * Pay differentials, if you do more skilled work you get paid more * By 1965 they’ve doubled their 1957 output * Introducing elements of capitalism and its working

Politics: - Ideology takes second place to pragmatism - Mao is being ignored - They bring back many of the people in labour camps people Mao had purged in the past - Mao tries to get power back, power struggle and it’s going to bring negative impacts

Cultural Revolution
Key dates: 1976 Mao dies 1966-1976:
- Cultural Revolution- intensifies in the beginning
- In the mid 60’s the pragmatic group of the party led China
- Trying to create a reasonable standard of living with economic stability
- Still working on national unity
- Making sure China’s place in the world is made secure

Why it happens? * Mao still has a very revolutionary vision * One of those visions, is greater equality and of mass participation to create change * Mao thought China was stagnating in terms of revolution * He identified the things that were holding China back from proper revolution * Mao looks at education as one of the factors * Education gave a view privileges, e.g. people from rural areas received bad education * He saw this was becoming hereditary * Towns allowed privileges to people, more money, more opportunity, better health… * The party is a bureaucracy, if your parents were in the party your automatically privileged. – Hereditary elite * Mao’ s utopian vision of China

The other reason is that Mao wants the power back. * Mao has the army support that is his power base PLA * Moise p. 179