...CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION AND LITERATURE REVIEW 1.1 INTRODUCTION Many cultures throughout the world still rely on indigenous medicinal plants for their primary health care needs (Farnsworth et al., 1985). To date, 25% of modern medicines are derived from plants that have been used by traditional medical practitioners (Cragg and Newman, 2005). It is a fact that traditional systems of medicine have become a topic of global importance. African countries are at a stage where traditional medicine is considered more for its capacity to generate other medicine than for its own sake. In many cases research undertakings and the commercial use stemming from that research have always relied on information provided by the local communities and, in many instances, have hardly benefited from the research results (Rukangira, 2004) . In Africa, traditional healers and remedies made from plants play an important role in the health of millions of people. (Rukangira, 2004). Typically, studies on the medicinal plants such as Alstonia boonei have focused on the bioactivity of its chemical constituents, ethnobotany, pharmacology, and taxonomy. However, a comprehensive or systematic review on the plant is lacking. Furthermore, in much of the older literature concerning West Africa, the name Alstonia congensis has been erroneously used for Alstonia boonei. Consequently, this paper examined the effect of aqueous bark extracts of Alstonia boonei on the haematological parameters of male wistar abino...
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...CONSULTING CLUB CASEBOOK 2004/2005 CASES Page 6 of 48 Copyright 2004, Do not copy or distribute without permission CONSULTING CLUB CASEBOOK 2004/2005 SOURCE / FIRM: DATE / CONTEXT: ISSUES COVERED: ISSUE/PROBLEM POSED: INFORMATION PROVIDED: SOLUTION: OTHER USEFUL TIPS: Page 9 of 48 BOOZ ALLEN HAMILTON 2nd round interview for summer internship 2004 Brainteaser Estimation How would you value a football (soccer) player? Business Case None I went around the houses a bit on this one. Identified sources of revenue for a football club including: Ticket revenue, Revenue from TV coverage, Sponsorship Merchandise sales (e.g. shirts) Talked around how to determine the contribution that an individual player makes to those revenue streams The final conclusion was that the best way to divide the portion of revenue related to the actual players (over their lifetime) between the team would be based on individual ratings (like those published for each player in the fantasy football league) Talked around valuation as the present value of future cash flows related to each player Open discussion with structure maintained through making notes and drawing tree diagrams was appreciated – used diagrams as prompt for directing discussions Copyright 2004, Do not copy or distribute without permission CONSULTING CLUB CASEBOOK 2004/2005 SOURCE / FIRM: DATE / CONTEXT: ISSUES COVERED: ISSUE/PROBLEM POSED: INFORMATION PROVIDED: SOLUTION: ...
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...9-209-001 REV: NOVEMBER 3, 2010 C. FRITZ FOLEY ROBIN GREENWOOD JAMES QUINN NEC Electronics In early July 2007, Alp Ercil, Managing Partner and portfolio manager of Perry Capital’s (“Perry”) Asian portfolio, was considering options for how best to manage the $150 million position his firm had in NEC Electronics (NECE), the semiconductor subsidiary of Japanese electronics conglomerate NEC. In recent days, the NECE subsidiary had garnered Ercil’s full attention. On the heels of attending NECE’s annual meeting, he had learned that the Tokyo Stock Exchange (TSE) was placing NECE on a watchlist for possible delisting due to its concentrated ownership structure. To Ercil, this was yet another sign that the investment was not going as planned - the stock was down considerably since Perry initiated the position in late 2005 (see Exhibit 1). Ercil took a moment to reflect on the recent history with NECE. When Perry Capital made the initial investment in 2005, Ercil had every expectation for success. Ercil’s team felt that NECE’s microcontroller unit (“MCU”) business,1 which supplied chips to major automobile manufacturers, operated at a world-class level with high growth potential and solid margins. NECE’s Computing, Consumer and Discrete businesses were generally competitive. However, the Communications business, which supplied semiconductors for mobile phones, appeared to be a constant drag on NECE’s cash flow and earnings. Specifically, Perry believed that NECE...
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...9-700-082 DEBORA SPAR Forever: De Beers and U.S. Antitrust Law Educational material supplied by The Case Centre Copyright encoded A76HM-JUJ9K-PJMN9I Order reference F267708 CoursePack code C-788-275379-STU “As a worldwide dealer in enchanting illusions, Disney has nothing on De Beers.” - The Economist1 In 1999, a series of spectacular advertisements adorned the bus-sides and billboards of major American cities. Set against a lush black background, the ads displayed a perfect set of diamond earrings, or a single sparkling solitaire. The lettering, in white, was sparse and to the point: “What better time to celebrate the timelessness of love?” they asked. Or, “What are you waiting for, the year 3000?” Some were even more direct: “This wouldn't exactly be the year,” they noted, “to give her a toaster oven.” Coyly, the ads captured a joint fascination with the new millennium and the enduring allure of diamonds. How better to capture time than with a diamond, they urged. How better to herald eternal love? Indeed. According to analysts, U.S. diamond sales (30% of which occurred during the Christmas season) were expected to surge by more than 10%, hitting a high of over $20 billion for 1999.2 A significant portion of this windfall would flow to De Beers, one of the world’s most successful corporations and the controlling force of the international diamond market. There were many ironies behind De Beers’s millennial campaign, not least of which was that diamonds...
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...REV: SEPTEMBER 5, 2007 ROBERT D. AUSTIN DANIELA BEYERSDORFER Bang & Olufsen: Design Driven Innovation “The Farm,” Bang & Olufsen’s futuristic glass-and-concrete headquarters, rose out of the green fields of western Denmark “like something lifted from a Stanley Kubrick dreamscape.”2 In a nearby parking area, Christopher Sorensen stepped from his car and walked toward the entrance, on his way to meet with a high-powered group that included the CEO, to discuss an important product program. Within this 80-year-old company, based in rural Jutland where local people might still consider you an outsider after 30 years, Sorensen would be very much the newcomer. Despite that, he would try to convince the others to adjust the firm’s successful design process—to change a winning game. In April 2006, Bang & Olufsen (B&O) sold a range of televisions, audio systems, loudspeakers, telephones, and other products (see Exhibit 1) in more than 60 countries. The company had a worldwide reputation for idea-based products of high quality and artistic design, many of which held places of honor in the permanent collections of the world’s greatest art museums. (According to a citation at the Museum of Modern Art in New York, B&O had “delivered the largest and most consistent design portfolio among the world’s industrial companies.”3) This level of accomplishment translated into high price points (see Exhibit 2) and profit margins, realized through an exclusive network of dealers, from devoted...
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...An analysis of the repositioning of the “BMW Mini” brand C. Simms and P Trott . Business School, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK Downloaded by Myongji University At 05:37 14 May 2015 (PT) Abstract Purpose – This paper aims to adopt a consumer behaviour perspective and investigate the extent to which BMW has repositioned the new “Mini”. It builds on a previous paper that explored perceptions of the “Mini” brand. Design/methodology/approach – The study adopted a two-stage approach to data collection, consisting of 66 in-depth interviews with a cross section of important stakeholders with high brand awareness and knowledge. The paper develops a conceptual framework and offers a novel way for firms to consider the effects of their repositioning strategies on consumers perceptions of a brand. Findings – The findings reveal a substantial repositioning of the brand’s functional appeal, moving away from the car’s price as an appeal towards product build quality. Furthermore, the Mini’s symbolic appeal, which is based on its fun and sporty image, has largely remained in place. Practical implications – Firms need to recognise the importance of repositioning at both the symbolic and functional level. Originality/value – The paper presents a novel conceptual framework for viewing repositioning strategies and presents evidence of repositioning at both the functional and symbolic level. Keywords Brands, Consumer behaviour, Cars, Brand image Paper type Research paper ...
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...1 MARKETING STRATEGICZNY MSM - 2010/2011 GRZEGORZ KARASIEWICZ Katedra Marketingu Wydział Zarządzania Uniwersytet Warszawski 2 Prowadzący wykład Dr hab. Grzegorz Karasiewicz, prof. UW Dyżur: piątek godz. 18.00-19.00 B436 3 Agenda 1. Marketing strategiczny – wprowadzenie i typologia Poziomy decyzji marketingowych w przedsiębiorstwie Definicja strategii marketingowej Proces tworzenia strategii marketingowej 2. Strategie marketingowe dla przedsiębiorstwa Strategia marketingowa dla przedsiębiorstwa – elementy Domena działania przedsiębiorstwa Strategiczne jednostki biznesu Misja przedsiębiorstwa Cele strategiczne przedsiębiorstwa Luka strategiczna Analiza portfelowa Strategie zakresowe Firma zdywersyfikowana i skoncentrowana 3. Strategie marketingowe dla produktu Typologia strategii marketingowych na poziomie produktu Segmentacja rynku Ocena atrakcyjności segmentów rynku Ocena opłacalności segmentów rynku Strategie obsługi rynku docelowego – rodzaje Perspektywa marketingu masowego, segmentacyjnego i zindywidualizowanego Analiza możliwości rynkowych Analiza kompetencji firmy Analiza pozycji rynkowej Strategie pozycjonowania - rodzajowe Strategie pozycjonowania - szczegółowe Perspektywa egzogeniczna i endogeniczna strategii konkurencji 4 Warunki zaliczenia • Zaliczenie przedmiotu (egzamin): ▫ Egzamin pisemny 90% pytania otwarte i zamknięte zadania (będzie potrzebny kalkulator) co najmniej 51% prawidłowych odpowiedzi • Praca zaliczeniowa...
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...Clinical guidelines Diagnosis and treatment manual for curative programmes in hospitals and dispensaries guidance for prescribing 2010 EDITION © Médecins Sans Frontières – January 2010 All rights reserved for all countries. No reproduction, translation and adaptation may be done without the prior permission of the Copyright owner. ISBN 2-906498-81-5 Clinical guidelines Diagnosis and treatment manual Editorial Committee: I. Broek (MD), N. Harris (MD), M. Henkens (MD), H. Mekaoui (MD), P.P. Palma (MD), E. Szumilin (MD) and V. Grouzard (N, general editor) Contributors: P. Albajar (MD), S. Balkan (MD), P. Barel (MD), E. Baron (MD), M. Biot (MD), F. Boillot (S), L. Bonte (L), M.C. Bottineau (MD), M.E. Burny (N), M. Cereceda (MD), F. Charles (MD), M.J de Chazelles (MD), D. Chédorge (N), A.S. Coutin (MD), C. Danet (MD), B. Dehaye (S), K. Dilworth (MD), F. Fermon (N), B. Graz (MD), B. Guyard-Boileau (MD), G. Hanquet (MD), G. Harczi (N), M. van Herp (MD), C. Hook (MD), K. de Jong (P), S. Lagrange (MD), X. Lassalle (AA), D. Laureillard (MD), M. Lekkerkerker (MD), J. Maritoux (Ph), J. Menschik (MD), D. Mesia (MD), A. Minetti (MD), R. Murphy (MD), J. Pinel (Ph), J. Rigal (MD), M. de Smet (MD), S. Seyfert (MD), F. Varaine (MD), B. Vasset (MD) (S) Surgeon, (L) Laboratory technician, (MD) Medical Doctor, (N) Nurse, (AA) Anaesthetist-assistant, (Ph) Pharmacist, (P) Psychologist We would like to thank the following doctors for their invaluable help:...
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...AS 3600—2009 AS 3600—2009 Australian Standard® Concrete structures Accessed by NEWCREST MINING LIMITED on 14 Jul 2010 This Australian Standard® was prepared by Committee BD-002, Concrete Structures. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 8 October 2009. This Standard was published on 23 December 2009. The following are represented on Committee BD-002: • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • AUSTROADS Association of Consulting Engineers Australia Australian Building Codes Board Bureau of Steel Manufacturers of Australia Cement Concrete & Aggregates Australia—Cement Cement Concrete & Aggregates Australia—Concrete Concrete Institute of Australia Engineers Australia La Trobe University Master Builders Australia National Precast Concrete Association Australia Steel Reinforcement Institute of Australia University of Adelaide University of Melbourne University of New South Wales University of Western Sydney This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 05252. Standards Australia wishes to acknowledge the participation of the expert individuals that contributed to the development of this Standard through their representation on the Committee and through the public comment period. Keeping Standards up-to-date Accessed by NEWCREST MINING LIMITED on 14 Jul 2010 Australian Standards® are living documents that reflect progress in science, technology and systems. To maintain their currency, all Standards are periodically reviewed, and...
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...06 Solutions 46060_Part1 5/27/10 3:51 PM Page 329 © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they currently exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher. 6–1. Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the shaft. The bearings at A and B exert only vertical reactions on the shaft. A B 250 mm 800 mm 24 kN 6–2. Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the simply supported beam. M A 2m 2m 2 kN m 4 kN B 2m 329 06 Solutions 46060_Part1 5/27/10 3:51 PM Page 330 © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they currently exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher. 6–3. The engine crane is used to support the engine, which has a weight of 1200 lb. Draw the shear and moment diagrams of the boom ABC when it is in the horizontal position shown. a + ©MA = 0; 4 F (3) - 1200(8) = 0; 5 A -Ay + Ax 4 (4000) - 1200 = 0; 5 A 3 ft B 5 ft C FA = 4000 lb 4 ft + c ©Fy = 0; + ; ©Fx = 0; Ay = 2000 lb 3 (4000) = 0; 5 Ax = 2400 lb *6–4. Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the cantilever beam. 2 kN/m A 2m 6 kN m The free-body diagram of the beam’s right segment sectioned through an arbitrary point shown in Fig. a will be used to...
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...Employment News 11 - 17 February 2012 www.employmentnews.gov.in 21 Union Public Service Commission EXAMINATION NOTICE NO. 04/2012-CSP DATED 11.02.2012 (LAST DATE FOR RECEIPT OF APPLICATIONS : 05.03.2012) CIVIL SERVICES EXAMINATION, 2012 (Commission's website - http://www.upsc.gov.in) F. No. 1/4/2011-E.I(B) : Preliminary Examination of the Civil Services Examination for recruitment to the Services and Posts mentioned below will be held by the Union Public Service Commission on 20th May, 2012 in accordance with the Rules published by the Department of Personnel & Training in the Gazette of India Extraordinary dated 4th February, 2012. (i) Indian Administrative Service. (ii) Indian Foreign Service. (iii) Indian Police Service. (iv) Indian P & T Accounts & Finance Service, Group ‘A’. (v) Indian Audit and Accounts Service, Group ‘A’. (vi) Indian Revenue Service (Customs and Central Excise), Group ‘A’. (vii) Indian Defence Accounts Service, Group ‘A’. (viii) Indian Revenue Service (I.T.), Group ‘A’. (ix) Indian Ordnance Factories Service, Group ‘A’ (Assistant Works Manager, Administration). (x) Indian Postal Service, Group ‘A’. (xi) Indian Civil Accounts Service, Group ‘A’. (xii) Indian Railway Traffic Service, Group ‘A’. (xiii) Indian Railway Accounts Service, Group 'A'. (xiv) Indian Railway Personnel Service, Group ‘A’. (xv) Post of Assistant Security Commissioner in Railway Protection Force, Group ‘A’ (xvi) Indian Defence Estates Service, Group ‘A’. (xvii) Indian Information...
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...“WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIVERSIFICATION AND PERFORMANCE, PARTICULARLY IN EMERGING ECONOMIES? WHAT ARE THE FACTORS WHICH ARE RELEVANT FOR SETTING THE CONTENTS OF THAT RELATIONSHIP?” By João de Almeida Frazão Caro de Sousa Master Thesis Submitted to ESADE Business School in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in International Management ESADE Business School May 2012 Master of Science in International Management – ESADE Business School i Master of Science in International Management – ESADE Business School Table of Contents Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1 Theoretical Background 1. Diversification ......................................................................................................................... 5 1.1 General Observations ........................................................................................................ 6 1.2 Different types of diversification strategies....................................................................... 7 1.3 The costs and benefits of diversification ........................................................................... 8 1.4 Diversification Trends ....................................................................................................... 9 A. The Lack of Significant Relationship ................................
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...SENIOR SECONDARY COURSE PHYSICS 1 (CORE MODULES) Coordinators Dr. Oum Prakash Sharma Sh. R.S. Dass NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OPEN SCHOOLING A-25, INSTITUTIONAL AREA, SECTOR-62, NOIDA-201301 (UP) COURSE DESIGN COMMITTEE CHAIRMAN Prof. S.C. Garg Former Pro-Vice Chancellor IGNOU, Maidan Garhi, Delhi MEMBERS Prof. A.R. Verma Former Director, National Physical Laboratory, Delhi, 160, Deepali Enclave Pitampura, Delhi-34 Dr. Naresh Kumar Reader (Rtd.) Deptt. of Physics Hindu College, D.U. Dr. Oum Prakash Sharma Asstt. Director (Academic) NIOS, Delhi Prof. L.S. Kothari Prof. of Physics (Retd.) Delhi University 71, Vaishali, Delhi-11008 Dr. Vajayshree Prof. of Physics IGNOU, Maidan Garhi Delhi Sh. R.S. Dass Vice Principal (Rtd.) BRMVB, Sr. Sec. School Lajpat Nagar, New Delhi-110024 Dr. G.S. Singh Prof. of Physics IIT Roorkee Sh. K.S. Upadhyaya Principal Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya Rohilla Mohammadabad (U.P.) Dr. V.B. Bhatia Prof. of Physics (Retd.) Delhi University 215, Sector-21, Faridabad COURSE DEVELOPMENT TEAM CHAIRMAN Prof. S.C. Garg Former Pro-Vice Chancellor IGNOU, Delhi MEMBERS Prof. V.B. Bhatia 215, Sector-21, Faridabad Prof. B.B. Tripathi Prof. of Physics (Retd.), IIT Delhi 9-A, Awadhpuri, Sarvodaya Nagar Lucknow-226016 Sh. K.S. Upadhyaya Principal Navodaya Vidyalaya Rohilla Mohammadabad, (U.P.) Dr. V.P. Shrivastava Reader (Physics) D.E.S.M., NCERT, Delhi EDITORS TEAM CHAIRMAN Prof. S.C. Garg Former Pro-Vice Chancellor IGNOU, Delhi MEMBERS Prof. B.B. Tripathi Prof...
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...Government of Andhra Pradesh COMMON SCHEDULE OF RATES AS PER A.P. REVISED STANDARD DATA FOR THE YEAR 2014-15 (Effective from 1st June, 2014) BOARD OF CHIEF ENGINEERS MASTER INDEX Sl. No. 1 2 3 Description Part-I (Irrigation & CAD Works) Part-IV ( Public Health Works) Annexure – Latest G.O. on Seigniorage Charges Page No. From 1 1 1 To 44 84 5 Office of the Engineer-in-Chief(I.W) I&cad Dept., Errummanzil,Hyderabad Procs.No.ENC/IW/P&M/EE.3/DEE-10/AE/13305/Vol.37 Sub: Ref: dt:30.05.2014 Schedule of Rates as per A.P.Revised Standard Data for the year 2014-15-Irrigation & CAD orks(Part-I),Road & Bridge Works(Part-2) and Drinking water supply schemes(Part-4)-approved-Printing& Communication of SoRs-Reg. 1)G.O.Ms.No.49,I&CAD (PW:Reforms)Dept., dt:2.3.2009 2)ENC(PH) Lr.No. 146/T1/SoR/2014-15/2014 dt. 31-05-2014 3)Industrial Consumer Price Index points obtained from Commissioner,Labour Department 4)Minutes of BOCEs meeting for Schedule of Rates held on 24.05.2014. **** The Government have approved A.P.Revised Standard Data vide ref 1st cited.The Schedule of Rates as per A.P.Revised Standard Data for the year 2014-15 is approved based on the following. The Engineer-in-Chief, Public Health Department has furnished draft rates for Public Health works items and Public Health Materials vide ref 2nd cited. The Engineer-in-Chief (PR) has furnished the draft rates for Roads & Bridge items for the year 2014-15 in lieu of the...
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