...In November 2000, voters in Colorado passed Amendment 20, which enabled patients and their caregivers to obtain a restricted amount of marijuana from medical dispensaries. The Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment created and informal rule prohibiting caregivers from providing medical marijuana to more than 5 patients at a time and were subsequently sued for the policy by Sensible Colorado, Colorado’s medical marijuana distribution system. In 2007, Sensible won the lengthy hearing, and its victory made way for store-front dispensaries throughout Colorado. Fast forward November 2012, 55% of Colorado’s voters were pro-Amendment 64. Amendment 64 made recreational marijuana use legal to anyone age 21 or older. This law was made...
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...Case Study William Smith Professor Leona Williams July 15, 2014 Columbia Southern University This case study paper is focused on the exclusionary rule, which is defined as an interpretation of the Fourteenth Amendment by the Supreme Court that holds evidence seized in violation of the U.S. Constitution cannot be used in court against a defendant (Dempsey, J., Forst, L., 2011). What this rule pretty much means is that any evidence that is found to be seized in violation of the U.S. Constitution can be suppressed in court and not used against the arrested subject. The exclusionary rule evolved in U.S. law through a series of Supreme Court cases. Since at least 1914, the Supreme Court has been concerned with the use of illegal means by the police to seize evidence in violation of the Constitution, and then using that evidence to convict a defendant in court (Dempsey, J., Forst, L., 2011). The court continually warned state courts and law enforcement agencies that they must amend their procedures in order to comply with the U.S. Constitution or risk the exclusionary rule being imposed on them as well. By 1961, the Supreme Court, noting that the state courts had not amended their procedures to conform to the Constitution, applied the exclusionary rule to the state courts and law enforcement agencies, as well as federal ones. The following cases Weeks vs. United States, Rochin vs. California and Mapp vs. Ohio, I will compare and contrast each individual case. I will also...
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...certain cases. My personal opinion on the death penalty is it should be administered only in cases of particularly cruel crimes, or serial crimes such as serial murder. Groups that support the death penalty often say that is a deterrent for future criminals who are thinking of committing murders or other heinous crimes. I disagree with this statement because criminals do not think of the consequences of their actions when they are committing a crime, nor do they care. Amnesty International, which opposes the death penalty, reports that scientific studies have not produced any conclusive evidence showing that capital punishment is a deterrent for future crimes to be committed. I believe the only deterrent for a murderer to not commit a crime again would be execution. Various people who are opposed to the death penalty say that capital punishment condemns the innocent to die. According Amendment V in the United States Bill of Rights, “No person shall be held to answer for a capital crime, or otherwise infamous crime unless on a presentment of an indictment of a grand jury” (except in military cases). While it is true that a few innocent people have “slipped through the cracks” of the justice system and been convicted and executed unfairly, it is extremely rare that this type of situation would happen. By the time that all appeals are exhausted, it is most likely that the attorneys will find new evidence to support alleged criminal’s innocence from examining the case so many...
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...Unit V Case Study BCJ-2001 March 29, 2016 Introduction The exclusionary rule applies to evidence which has been confiscated in infringement of the U.S. Constitution. There have been many alterations to the exclusionary rule and its applications throughout the years. The exclusionary rule, in addition to three court cases, which have had a direct impact on the rule, will be examined in this case study. The court cases are Weeks v. United States (1914), Rochin v. California (1952), and Mapp. Ohio (1961). The Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution and how it operates is accordance to the exclusionary rule, will also be studied. Additionally, this case study will examine logical searches and how they may have pertained to the three court cases. Exclusionary Rule The exclusionary rule is an interpretation of the Fourteenth Amendment by the Supreme Court, it is not part of the U.S. Constitution (Dempsey, 2013). When written, the Bill of Rights only applied to “agents of the federal government—not to those of local governments—the Court first applied the exclusionary rule only to federal courts and federal law enforcement officers.” (Dempsey, 2013, p.179) In court cases, the rule has progressed as an interpretation of the Fourth Amendment by the Supreme Court, which forbids any irrational search and seizure of a citizen. Illegally confiscated evidence cannot be utilized against a defendant in a court, as it violates the Fourth Amendment, thus, the evidence...
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...Management of Financial Institutions. The Student is expected to complete and defend his/her undergraduate thesis that may be a project feasibility study, industry study, basic business research, case study, or corporate/business planning study. II. COURSE OBJECTIVE: To successfully write and defend a thesis about contemporary issues in finance and related fields. III. COURSE OBJECTIVE: To further reinforce the five Cs of COB and to personify the La Sallian values of Religio, Mores, Cultura. To learn the value of self-reliance and the practice of ethical research standards. IV. COURSE REQUIREMENTS: In order to pass this course, the following must be completed: 1. A group thesis successfully defended and passed before a panel of academicians and industry practitioners; 2. Submission of the necessary reports, such as status reports, amendments, hardbound copy, CD of final paper and all other requirements as indicated in the calendar; 3. Attendance in the General Assembly, One-on-One Consultation, Defense Briefing, as well as other meetings that may be called; 4. No culpable violations of the Ground Rules (See page 2); and, 5. Other requirements as may be needed. V. CALENDAR OF ACTIVITIES: THSMAFI SCHEDULE (as presented on a separate sheet) VI. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF REPORTS: 1. Amendments...
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...[Year] [AMENDMENTS VIDE FINANCE ACT, 2010 ON “DIRECT TAX” ] [Amendments vide Finance Act,2010 are applicable for June 2011 and December 2011 terms of Examination] AMENDMENTS vide FINANCE ACT, 2010 on “DIRECT TAX” Tax Rates Rates of Income - Tax for Assessment Year 2011-12 1.1 (A) For woman, resident in India and below the age of 65 years at any time during the previous. Upto Rs. 1,90,000 Rs. 1,90,001 to Rs. 5,00,000 Rs. 5,00,001 to Rs. 8,00,000 Above Rs. 8,00,000 Nil 10% 20% 30% 1.1 (B) For an individual (man or woman), resident in India who is of the age of 65 years or more at any time during the previous year. Upto Rs. 2,40,000 Rs. 2,40,001 to Rs. 5,00,000 Rs. 5,00,001 to Rs. 8,00,000 Above Rs. 8,00,000 Upto Rs. 1,60,000 Rs. 1,60,001 to Rs. 5,00,000 Rs. 5,00,001 to Rs. 8,00,000 Above Rs. 8,00,000 Surcharge: NIL Education Cess (EC): Education Cess at the rate of 2% on income-tax shall be levied. Secondary and Higher Education Cess (SHEC): “Secondary and Higher Cess (SHEC) on income-tax: at the rate of 1% of income-tax in all cases shall be levied. Nil 10% 20% 30% Nil 10% 20% 30% 1.1 (C) Individuals, [other than those mentioned in para 1.1(A) and (B) above] HUF, AOP/BOI (other than co-operative societies, whether incorporated or not) Directorate of Studies, The Institute of Cost & Works Accountants of India Page 2 AMENDMENTS vide FINANCE ACT, 2010 on “DIRECT TAX” 2. Other Assessees: Assessee Rate of Tax 30% Education SHEC Surcharge Cess 2% on income 1%...
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...Student Rights are highly protected with higher education through “Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA). The FERPA Law applies to all schools or universities that receive any funds from the Department of Education by federal or state government. The law protects the privacy of students and graduates education and student finance records. Furthermore, students also have rights in discipline, freedom of speech, freedom of the press, voting rights, privacy, gay rights sexual harassment and many others that are protected by the school, Department of Education as well as the government. The “Bill of Rights” has had a considerable amount of influence on higher education’s policies based on the First, Fourth, Fifth, and Tenth Amendments....
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...Recent statistics show schools that promote school uniforms are high in attendance but are lacking in academic excellence. History also shows that in cases involving dress code violations and freedom of expression have ruled in favor of the students. School uniforms create an added cost for families and the impact varies among socioeconomic groups. Although some people believe that wearing school uniforms can be a greener alterative and makes better students there is no proof that it provides a safer, more studious environment. Schools say uniforms promote a more studious environment. Research strongly states that school uniforms promote no self-expression or justifiable increase in grades. With schools that do not require uniforms to be worn a decrease in attendance but a higher grade point average is apparent among its students. The qualities of the school and academics offered should promote the environment not the clothes the school requires the students to wear. School officials say that promoting school uniforms can create less conflict among students because all the students are wearing the same clothes. But recent studies show that conflict or bullying among students is still present with schools that promote school uniforms. In the article, "Dress Codes: The Pros And Cons,” the author explains that even if every student wears the same thing bullying is still going to be present because changing what they wear by making them wear identical uniforms will not break this...
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...of benefits for charitable causes. 2. Advertisements should not misuse research results or quotations from technical and scientific publications. Statistics should not be so presented as to exaggerate the validity of advertising claims. Scientific terms should not be used to falsely ascribe scientific validity to advertising claims. (International Charter, 2012) The FTC’s standards and EAS-405 are clearly aligned. This suggests that ethical principles in regards to advertising in both the United States and the international community are virtually the same. Commercial Speech and the First Amendment The First Amendment of the United States Constitution stipulates: “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press […]”. (Cornell University Law School, n.d.) The First Amendment protects the freedom of expression: the rights to freedom of speech, press, assembly and to petition the government for a redress of grievances, and the implied rights of association and belief. (Cornell University Law School,...
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...SIM 336 Strategic Management Individual Assignment Case Study – ‘The Comeback of Caterpillar, 1985-2001’ in De Wit & Meyer (2004:755-772) Addendum to the January 2013 Assessment to be noted by all Centre Tutors and Students submitting this assessment Following a review of the assessment by the External Examiner and Module Leader it has been agreed that the emphasis on Question 3 of this assessment should be shifted to allow students a greater opportunity to conduct further additional research of their own which can be used to supplement the material contained in the case study and module study pack. Therefore Question 3 (b) will be amended as below and students will be expected to demonstrate that they have undertaken further research of their own to should how Caterpillar has adapted to strategic change since 2001 and the publication of the case study. It was felt that given the extensive additional material which is available, students should be given the opportunity to demonstrate their personal research skills and enhance the case study material by incorporating their own reasoned views on the company. To reflect this slight shift in emphasis it has been agreed that the marks for the two elements should be switched to reflect the additional content in Question 3 (b). The mark elements will be Question 3 (a) – 10 marks and Question 3 (b) will be 20 marks. The question will be as follows: Question Three: a) What were the major revolutionary changes...
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...Interested in learning more about security? SANS Institute InfoSec Reading Room This paper is from the SANS Institute Reading Room site. Reposting is not permitted without express written permission. Legal Aspects of Privacy and Security: A CaseStudy of Apple versus FBI Arguments The debate regarding privacy versus security has been going on for some time now. The matter is complicated due to the fact that the concept of privacy is a subjective phenomenon, shaped by several factors such as cultural norms or geographical location. In a paradoxical situation, rapid advancements in technology are fast making the technology both the guardian and invader of the privacy. Governments and organizations around the globe are using technology to achieve their objectives in the name of security and conveni... AD Copyright SANS Institute Author Retains Full Rights Legal Aspects of Privacy and Security: A CaseStudy of Apple versus FBI Arguments GIAC (GLEG) Gold Certification Author: Muzamil Riffat, muzamil@hotmail.com Advisor: Chris Walker Accepted: June 1, 2016 Abstract The debate regarding privacy versus security has been going on for some time now. The matter is complicated due to the fact that the concept of privacy is a subjective phenomenon, shaped by several factors such as cultural norms or geographical location. In a paradoxical situation, rapid advancements in technology are fast making the technology both the guardian and invader of the privacy...
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...Sample Final: International Payments I, MCQ 1, A shipping document indicating the details of the shipment and delivery of the goods and their ownership is a A, B/L (True: This is the most important transport document) B, Sight draft (False: This is a type of B/E) C, Time draft (False: This is a type of B/E) D, L/C (False: this is a method of payment) 2, A written statement by the exporter ordering the importer to pay a specific amount of money upon presentation to drawee to whom it is addressed is known as a A, B/L (False: This is a transport document) B, Sight draft (True: This is the type of B/E that requires payment upon presentation) C, Time draft (False: This is the type of B/E that requires payment at a future date after presentation) D, L/C (False: this is a method of payment) 3, L/C may be payable at all but one of the following locations: A, Confirming Bank’s counters (False: Confirming Bank has irrevocable undertaking to Beneficiary) B, Nominated Bank’s counters, or at the counters of any bank if L/C is freely negotiable (False: Nominated Bank pays Beneficiary on behalf of Issuing Bank (Confirming Bank)) C, Issuing Bank’s counters (False: Confirming Bank has irrevocable undertaking to Beneficiary) D, Reimbursing Bank’s counters (True: Reimbursing Bank has no undertaking towards Beneficiary. It only functions to reimburse other banks with authorization of Issuing Bank) 4, Which of the following can be combined under a credit available with the Issuing...
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...Sierra College California Public Policy Case Study: AB 1014 Nathan Nguyen Political Science 001: American Government Professor Vince Latino 10/20/15 Nathan Nguyen Professor Vince Latino Political Science 001 20 October 2015 California Public Policy Case Study: AB 1014 On February 22, 2013 a new form of legislation was created to allow family members and law enforcement officers ask a judge to issue temporary restraining orders preventing people from possessing a firearm when a person poses a threat: Assembly Bill 1014. Passed on a 23-8 vote and signed by California Governor Jerry Brown on Wednesday September 30th. The bill was brought to light after twenty two year old Elliot Rodgers legally bought three semi-automatic rifles with intent to shoot University of Santa Barbara students killing six students and taking his own life. Prevailing law declares those that have been admitted to a mental health institution are denied the right to purchase firearms under the circumstances of: a certified therapist alerts the police that the individual is a danger to themselves and others, the individual has been previously been convicted of a felony or a misdemeanor, have under gone a...
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...Prayer in Public Schools Derrick DuHart Race, Religion, Culture Arkansas Baptist College Dr. Johnson, Instructor November 4, 2014 Tables of Contents I. Introduction Background/Statement of Problems pg. 3-4 Purpose of the Study pg. 5-12 Research Questions pg. 13 Significance of the Study pg. 14-19 II. Literature Review Methodology and Sampling Design Strategy pg. 20 Data Collection Procedures pg. 20 Data Analyzed pg. 21 Ethical Issues pg. 21 III. Results Conclusion pg. 21-22 References pg. 23 Appendix: I. Annotated Bibliography pg. 24-26 II. Survey Questions pg. 27 III. Results (Charted/Tables) pg. 28-31 Notes: I. Introduction Background/Statement of Problem Prayer in Public Schools The courts have ruled against prayer in school. Many agree with the decision; yet many disagree. Prayer should be allowed in public schools because it is already practiced. It prevents...
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...Removing Junk Food from Public Schools Christopher Bisping ILR 260 Dr. Dee Griffin February 2013 Abstract Should junk food be removed from public schools? Those who support removing junk food from public schools say that it has no real nutritional value, and disrupts children’s learning capabilities. They also say that junk food is a leading factor of childhood obesity. On the other hand, those who oppose removing junk food from public schools say that it eliminates sources of funding that the U.S. government doesn’t provide. They also say that it usurps the responsibility of parents, and violates the First Amendment. To overcome the obesity epidemic, and give the children the nutrition they need to learn and become productive citizens we need to remove junk food from public schools. Removing Junk Food from Public Schools For the first time, the United States (U.S.) government is proposing standards to ensure schools serve more nutritious foods, ultimately leading to a ban on serving or selling junk food. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) is setting new rules requiring schools to sell items such as water, diet sodas, baked chips, and low-calorie sport drinks instead of junk food. Lunchrooms will also be required to replace fatty à la carte items like nachos and fried cheese sticks with healthier items like low-fat burgers, fruit cups, yogurt and healthier pizzas. While some schools in the U.S. have already made improvements to their menus, schools...
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