...CREDIT RISK GRADING MANUAL BANK JUNE, 2007 Credit Risk Grading Manual - BANK 1 CREDIT RISK GRADING MANUAL - BANK Bangladesh Bank vide its BRPD Circular No.18 dated December 11, 2005 advised all Banks to implement Credit Risk Grading for their borrowing clients as per Credit Risk Grading Manual. The Credit Risk Grading Manual released earlier was applicable only in case of lending to commercial clients. The area which required to be focused was how to risk rate an obligor if it is a Banking Company or a Non-Banking Financial Institution. Basel II compliance also calls for risk rating of the obligor, which includes all clients like commercial, banking and non-banking financial institution. Keeping the above objective in mind, Credit Risk Grading Manual for Bank has been developed. The Credit Risk Grading Manual for Bank was completed and reviewed by a review committee consisting of members from NCBs, PCBs and FCBs who are specifically involved in credit approval function. Special thanks to Mr. Niaz Habib, Deputy Managing Director, United Commercial Bank Limited for his endeavor and time in preparing this guidelines. This “Credit Risk Grading Manual – Bank” is now made mandatory and will be applicable for all exposures extended to a Bank by a Bank. Md. Nazrul Huda Deputy Governor June 2007. Credit Risk Grading Manual - BANK 2 Credit Risk Grading Manual - BANK 3 Credit Risk Grading Manual - BANK 4 Table of Contents Contents...
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...Financial Ratios to Credit and Financial Analysts: Evidence from Bahrain Jasim Al-Ajmi Department of Economics and Finance, College of Business Administration University of Bahrain, Bahrain Tel: +973-39444284; Fax: +973-17449776 E-mail: jasimalajmi@gmail.com Abstract Financial ratios provide useful quantitative information to investors and analysts who want to evaluate the operations of a firm and analyze its position within its industry over time. The financial indicators that analysts use as basis for decisions are not necessarily all equally useful. This study attempts to determine the perceptions of credit and financial analysts working in financial institutions in Bahrain as to the usefulness of 71 financial ratios and 6 attributes of corporate governance named in a questionnaire. There are no significant differences between credit analysts and financial analysts with respect to 40 of the indicators. Credit analysts consider the quick ratio the most useful ratio, followed by the non-recurrent ratio. Financial analysts consider price-earnings the most useful ratio, followed by the market-to-book ratio. The quality of corporate governance practices is also considered important by financial analysts, but less important by credit analysts. These results should be of interest to a variety of stakeholders, including credit analysts, financial analysts, auditors, regulators and educators. Keywords: Corporate governance, credit analysts, financial analysts, Bahrain, financial...
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...interest and principal payments in sequence based on seniority.[3] If some loans default and the cash collected by the CDO is insufficient to pay all of its investors, those in the lowest, most "junior" tranches suffer losses first. The last to lose payment from default are the safest, most senior tranches. Consequently coupon payments (and interest rates) vary by tranche with the safest/most senior tranches paying the lowest and the lowest tranches paying the highest rates to compensate for higher default risk. As an example, a CDO might issue the following tranches in order of safeness: Senior AAA (sometimes known as "super senior"); Junior AAA; AA; A; BBB; Residual.[4] Separate special purpose entities—rather than the parent investment bank—issue the CDOs and pay interest to investors. As CDOs developed, some sponsors repackaged tranches into yet another iteration, known as "CDO-squared" or "CDOs of CDOs."[4] In the early 2000s, CDOs were generally diversified,[5] but by 2006–2007—when the CDO market grew to $100s of billions—this changed. CDO collateral became dominated not by loans, but by lower level (BBB or A) tranches recycled from other asset-backed securities, whose assets were usually non-prime mortgages.[6] These CDOs have been called "the engine that powered the mortgage supply chain" for...
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...Internship Report On Loan Processing, Credit Appraisal, Follow-Up &Recovery Procedure of IFIC Bank Limited Internship Report On Loan Processing, Credit Appraisal, Follow–up & Recovery Procedure Of IFIC Bank Limited Prepared For: Mohammad Tanvi Newaz Assistant Professor, BRAC Business School BRAC University Prepared By Nafisa Marzan ID: 10304087 BRAC Business School Major in HRM & Finance BBA (Summer 2014) Date of Submission: 10September, 2014 Letter of Transmittal Date: 18th September, 2014 Mohammad Tanvi Newaz Assistant Professor, and Coordinator, MBA Program BRAC Business School BRAC University Subject: Submission of Internship Report on “Loan Processing, Credit Appraisal, Follow – up& Recovery Procedure of IFIC Bank Limited”. Dear Sir, With due respect and humble submission, I like to state that I have completed my Internship report on “Loan Processing, Credit Appraisal & follow-up Recovery Procedure of IFIC Bank Limited”. The internship program has given me the opportunity to learn about different aspects of this well reputed organization. Before facing the corporate world, I have gathered general idea about the organization culture and activities. Without sincere cooperation and proper guidance of you it was not possible for me to prepare this report. For this act of kindness, I am grateful to you. I have tried my best to make this report as informative, practical, reliable and relevant as Possible. In preparation of this...
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...CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AT BRITE BANK Brite Bank commenced operations a couple of years back and has a network of 25 branches, primarily operating in Mumbai, Pune, Nashik, Nagpur and some district capitals in Maharashtra. Started by a group of industrialists, the bank has been able to quickly commence operations and currently has more than 25,000 customers in its fold. The top and middle level management have been recruited from large private sector banks and are industry veterans. Ms Sneha Kulkarni, COO was a high flyer at one of the largest private sector banks, when she joined Brite. Her vision was to create a work force that could be nurtured on the vision and values of Brite Bank. Hence, all branch level officers and assistants were recruited and trained by the bank. For this, the bank tied up with AK Institute of Banking & Finance, a training institute, to provide initial training to probationary officers and Banking Assistants recruited by the bank. Advanced training was imparted by Brite’s own training team, both at the bank’s corporate office and at branch level. According to Brite, exemplary customer experience could be a unique differentiator to increase customer base. Large part of the initial infrastructure investment, was spent on creating an IT infrastructure which would enable the bank to quickly roll out value-added facilities like ebanking, mobile banking and enable tracking customer transactions, trends and behaviors. The bank scaled up to 25 branches with all...
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... 3. Credit rationing methodologies 3.1: Agency methodologies 3.2: Table of creditworthiness methodologies 3.3: Loss concept 4. Creditworthiness process 5. Morningstar Global Bank Credit Rating Methodology 6. Stages of creditworthiness 1. Introduction Credit rating agencies (CRAs) formulate and issue credit ratings for both companies (debt issuers) and individual debt instruments. Issuer’ rating represents a forward-looking assessment of the ability and willingness of an issuer, such as a corporation or state or city government, to meet its financial obligations in full and on time. Therefore, credit ratings are considered to be important drivers of bankscost of finance, its capital structure and ability to continue trading (Grayetal., 2006). Issuer’s credit ratings are therefore interesting since they represent the judgement of informed and modern financial analysts about banks credit worthiness. Most of studies of ratings focus on determinants of bond ratings, default probabilities or the reliability of credit ratings. To date, no generally accepted model exists as to what determine CRAs perceptions of banks’ credit worthiness. The current study tries to fill this gap in the literature by examining the accounting determinants of credit ratings of banks in two major markets where the recent financial crisis of2007/08 is believed to have started: i.e. the US and the UK. During the 2007/8 banking crisis, credit ratings...
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...“2006 Asian Banks Competitiveness Ranking” Report At the Request of “21st Century Business Herald” Jointly conducted by Faculty of Business Administration, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Guanghua School of Management, Peking University Written by: HE Jia, Hugh THOMAS Researchers: HE Jia, Hugh THOMAS, ZHOU Chunsheng Research Assistants: WAN Yanyan, SU Jun, MAO Tianshi Part One: Background for Asian Banks’ Competitiveness Study I. Asian Banking Reform Reform has surged across the banking industry in Asia over the last decade. In the large, insular, developing economies of China and India, the reform movement originated with internationalizing and introducing market mechanisms to stimulate previously state-owned systems. In Japan and the other traditionally market oriented Asian economies, the reform was born out of crisis. Japan’s slow and painful, a decade-long recession of the 1990s, following the bursting of the bank-financed real estate and stock markets bubbles, finally led to a consensus on the need for reform. But real urgency did not enter banking reform in Asia until the Asian Financial Crisis struck the smaller, developing, market-based economies of Asia in 1997. In the run-up to the crisis, capital inflows helped fuel debt-financed investment, while stable exchange rates and surging economic growth masked the risks of many loans to leveraged and risky companies, often based more on connections than sound credit analysis. Many...
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...michael_thompson@standardandpoors.com Robert Keiser Vice President Valuation and Risk Strategies (1) 212-438-3540 robert_keiser@standardandpoors.com Lisa Sanders Director Valuation and Risk Strategies (1) 212-438-3291 lisa_sanders@standardandpoors.com Although less than two weeks old, the third-quarter earnings season is shaping up to be a repeat of the second quarter, already suggesting that reported earnings will not break the seven-quarter streak of double-digit earnings growth. Although they were likely inspired by market concerns of a double-dip recession in the U.S. and threats of contagion stemming from the eurozone debt crisis, analysts may have underestimated the earnings power of U.S. companies. The Valuation and Risk Strategies (VRS) research team continues to expect slow GDP growth in 2011. As we said in the previous issue of the Lookout Report, if third-quarter earnings exceed analyst expectations--as they have for the past two years--we think the case for growth over recession will solidify. Heading into the third quarter, the Capital IQ mean estimate for S&P 500 companies declined sharply, with growth forecasts dropping from 17% at the beginning of the calendar quarter to 12.8% on Oct. 10, the day before Alcoa Inc.'s earnings unofficially launched the reporting The Lookout Report provides cross-market and cross-asset views based upon the unique combined capabilities of S&P Valuation and Risk Strategies, S&P Index Services, Capital IQ, and S&P Leveraged Commentary and Data. Published by...
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...Chick7fil7A,!and!Publix.!This!cluster!of!grocers!and!fast!food!chains!at!the!top!of!the!list! exemplifies!the!dominance!of!these!two!industries!in!our!ratings;!they!together!claim!15!of! the!top!21!spots.!We!asked!10,000!U.S.!consumers!to!rate!their!recent!interactions!with!268! companies!across!19!industries.!Consumers!evaluated!their!experiences!with!these!firms! across!three!dimensions:!functional,+accessible,+and+emotional.!On!an!industry!level,!grocery! chains,!fast!food!chains,!parcel!delivery!services,!retailers,!and!banks!all!earned!“good”! ratings!on!average,!whereas!TV!service!providers,!health!plans,!Internet!service!providers,! and!rental!car!companies!received!“poor”!ratings!on!average.!We!also!compared!individual! companies!to!their!industry!averages!and!found!that!Kaiser!Permanente,!USAA!(insurance),! A!credit!union,!Southwest!Airlines,!and!Regions!all!outperformed!their!peers!by!more!than! 10!percentage!points.!Meanwhile,!DHL,!HSBC!(credit!cards),!Chrysler,!US!Cellular,!Coventry!...
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...PROBABILITY ASSIGNMENT 1. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) conducted a survey to learn about how drivers throughout the US are using their seat belts. Sample data consistent with the NHTSA survey are as follows. (Data as on May, 2015) Driver using Seat Belt? | Region | Yes | No | Northeast | 148 | 52 | Midwest | 162 | 54 | South | 296 | 74 | West | 252 | 48 | Total | 858 | 228 | a. For the U.S., what is the probability that the driver is using a seat belt? b. The seat belt usage probability for a U.S. driver a year earlier was .75. NHTSA Chief had hoped for a 0.78 probability in 2015. Would he have been pleased with the 2003 survey results? c. What is the probability of seat belt usage by region of the Country? What region has the highest seat belt usage? d. What proportion of the drivers in the sample came from each region of the country? What region had the most drivers selected? 2. A company that manufactures toothpaste is studying five different package designs. Assuming that one design is just as likely to be selected by a consumer as any other design, what selection probability would you assign to each of the package designs? In an actual experiment, 100 consumers were asked to pick the design they preferred. The following data were obtained. Do the data confirm the belief that one design is just as likely to be selected as other? Explain. Design | Number of Times Preferred | 1 | 5 | 2 | 15 | ...
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...INTERNSHIP REPORT ON CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT OF DHAKA BANK LIMTED [pic] EXCELLENCE IN BANKING DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE & BANKING UNIVERSITY OF CHITTAGONG CHITTAGONG. CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT OF Preface The banking sector of Bangladesh is dominated by commercial banks with huge debt burdens. Inefficiency in loan sanctioning, expansion of preferential loans, and poor classification and administration of loans has led to the slow recovery of credit extended by the banks. To restore efficiency and accountability in this sector, an effective credit risk management system is necessary. To manage credit risk efficiently Bangladesh Bank has provided a guideline for CRM. Besides, Basel Committee on Banking Supervision has set a guideline on Sound credit risk assessment and valuation for loan in order to encourage banking supervisors globally to promote sound practices for managing credit risk. This paper presents a comparative picture of credit risk management of Dhaka Bank Limited with Bangladesh Bank’s guidelines and Basel Committee for Banking Supervision’s (BCBS) guideline regarding Credit Risk Management. This report also provides an overview of the Credit Risk Management of DBL. In this report DBL’s credit risk management system is analyzed into three sections. First of all the policy guidelines have been analyzed and compared with Bangladesh bank’s guideline. After that the organizational structure & responsibilities have been analyzed...
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...Strategic Human Resource Management practice. Dear Madam, It is my great pleasure to submit the report on Strategic Human Resource Management practice of The City Bank Limited Throughout the study I have tried with the best of my capacity to accommodate as much information and relevant issues as possible and tried to follow the instructions as you have suggested. I sincerely believe that it will satisfy your requirements and will also serve the purpose of my report. I shall remain deeply grateful if you kindly go through the report and evaluate my performance. Sincerely Yours, Muhammad Maruf Rayhan. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT At first particularly I am thankful to the almighty Allah for best owing me and to give me the effort to complete this task. Strategic Human resource Management is really an interesting course and attending an assignment like this leaves one with a store of knowledge. For that we thank our course teacher Sanjana Hossain, for teaching us easier way and guiding us till the completion of this assignment, with patience and care. At last I also would like to thank my batch mates & teachers who helped us to complete this assignment. Very special thanks to my classmates for lend their hand for my favor. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The City Bank Limited is a full service scheduled commercial bank. It has both local and International...
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...CONFIDENTIAL – INDICATIVE TERMS ABACUS 2007-AC1 $2 Billion Synthetic CDO Referencing a static RMBS Portfolio Selected by ACA Management, LLC February 26, 2007 The information contained herein is indicative only and the actual terms of any transaction will be set forth in the definitive Offering Circular. Capitalized terms but not defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in the definitive Offering Circular. Table of Contents Disclaimer and Risk Factors Exhibit I. Transaction Overview II. Portfolio Selection Agent Overview III. Structure Overview Appendix A. Initial Reference Portfolio B. Selected ACA Biographies C. Goldman Sachs Contact Information 1 Disclaimer The information contained herein is confidential information regarding securities that may in the future be offered by ABACUS 2007-AC1, Ltd. (the “Issuer”). The information is being delivered to a limited number of sophisticated prospective institutional investors in order to assist them in determining whether they have an interest in the type of securities described herein and is solely for their internal use. By accepting this information, the recipient agrees that it will use and it will cause its directors, partners, officers, employees and representatives to use the information only to evaluate its potential interest in the securities described herein and for no other purpose and will not divulge any such information to any other party. Any reproduction...
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...Internship Report On Credit Risk Management: A Study On Sonali Bank Ltd. Supervised By: Shahidul Islam Lecturer Department of Marketing Comilla University Prepared By: Mahmudul Hasan ID – 0807031 Session- 2008-2009 3rd Batch Date: 20th January,2014 Department of Marketing Comilla University Table of Contents Contents Page no. Letter of Transmittal Letter of Authorization Acknowledge Executive Summery Chapter- 01 Introduction Background of the study Problem Statement Objective of the Study Chapter- 02 Literature Review Overview of Sonali Bank Ltd Overview of Credit Risk Management Literature Review: A Theoretical Framework Chapter- 03 Methodology Sources of Data Chapter- 04 Data Analysis & Findings Diagrammatic Analysis SWOT Analysis Findings Conclusions & Recommendations Internship Experiences References Letter of Transmittal 20th January, 2014 Shahidul Islam Lecturer Department of Marketing University of Comilla Sub: Submission of Internship Report entitled “Credit Risk Management : A Study On Sonali Bank Limited. Dear Sir, I am pleased to submit this internship report as you entitled me. I tried my best to present this internship report on Credit Risk Management: A Case Study On Sonali Bank Limited, Agrabad Corporate Branch, Chittagong, according to your...
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...National Institute of Securities Markets Assessment of Long Term Performance of Credit Rating Agencies in India July 2009 5th Floor, Plot No.82, Sector 17, Vashi, Navi Mumbai 400 705 1 Contents Terms of Reference Executive Summary Acknowledgements CRAs: Relevance and Perspective Raters and Ratings: Evolution and the Current State of the Art Critical Evaluation of Ratings Rating Transition and Default Study Emerging Trends and Alternate Approaches Conclusions and Recommendations References Annexure Sample Questionnaire 3 4 14 15 21 32 43 58 63 74 78 2 Terms of Reference This Study has been commissioned by NISM as desired by the Committee on Comprehensive Regulation of CRA’s in India, to look into the legal and policy framework for regulating the activities of Credit Rating Agencies (CRAs), vide letter bearing Reference No. F.No.12/11/07-PM, dated 16.1.2009. The Terms of Reference are listed as under: 1. Assessment of the performance of CRAs in India in terms of parameters like default and transition data 2. How much information asymmetry is bridged by CRAs 3. How far CRAs assessment helps financial regulation 4. Accountability, corporate governance issues of CRAs 5. Disclosures of methodologies of rating 6. Rating of complex products like structured obligation 7. Uniformity or otherwise in definition and rating nomenclature of CRAs in India 8. Consistency of rating data with accounting data 9. Overall evaluation of what CRAs have done in terms of value...
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