...behavior attributed, more generally, to capitalism’s inability to check the unmitigated growth of corporate greed. Others believe Enron’s collapse can be traced back to questionable accounting practices such as mark-to-market accounting and the utilization of Special Purpose Entities (SPE’s) to hide financial debt. In other instances, people point toward Enron’s mismanagement of risk and overextension of capital resources, coupled with the stark philosophical differences in management that existed between company leaders, as the primary reasons why the company went bankrupt. Yet, despite these various analyses of why things went wrong, the story of Enron’s rise and fall continues to mystify the general public as well as generate continued interest in what actually happened. The broad purpose of this paper is to investigate the Enron scandal from a variety perspectives. The paper begins with a narrative of the rise and fall of Enron as the seventh largest company in the United States and the sixth largest energy company in the world. The narrative examines the historical, economic, and political conditions that helped Enron to grow into one of the world’s dominant corporation’s in the natural gas, electricity, paper and pulp, and communications markets....
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...Introduction In this paper is analyzing the business idea of cousin Edgar to invest in four gas stations in U.S. After conducting researches and analyzing information, there are factors that Cousin Edgar might need to consider before the investment and start up the business. Firstly, the country’s economy health needs to be examined, whether the microeconomic factors, such as the level of demand in gasoline, monthly and a year and the factors that influencing supply of gasoline. Subsequently, macroeconomic factors determine the business idea in producing high profit, and also determining the business span in the short run or even in the long run. Macroeconomic analyzes in oil price According to The World Bank (2014) the total macroeconomic impact of the U.S. oil and natural gas industry is significant. Moreover, the industry was directly and indirectly responsible for over $1 trillion of value- added, or 7.7% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Essentially the estimation that the oil and natural gas industry’s total impact on labor income in 2009 was $534 billion (including benefits), which flow to 9.2 million Americans in jobs directly or indirectly in the industry or in jobs supported by those in the industry. In 2007, it is estimated that the industry directly and indirectly contributed approximately $280 billion of revenue to federal, state and local governments. The industry’s impact goes beyond the operations of the companies actively engaged in exploration and...
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...Case Analysis: “Framework for analyzing the development impact of a project”. Adam smith wrote in his 1976 classic “The Wealth of Nations” that a private businessman worried only about the profitability of his investments, would be guided by an invisible hand , to those actions which are best for society as whole. But he also noted that the results do not always follow. More often than not, In a free market the managers will take into account the extra costs and benefits from their actions and decisions to their private business and not consider their effects on society as a whole. There are several reasons why the profitability of an investment from a society’s perspective may differ from the private business. An example would be the environmental pollution impact of the Leather tanning and textile dyeing industries vs. the private profits. The concept of social return is very complex considering that every project affects a wide cross section of society different ways. These impacts may be primary and secondary in nature. Determining the net impact for calculation of social returns is complex. This case provides a framework to analyze the social returns as compared to the private returns of an investment project .The methodology to do this is follows Define the reasons, why social and private returns will differ. Namely • Externalities- All large projects have negative and positive externalities. For example a new power plant in power starved Indian states may unlock...
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...Introduction Emerging Markets Most of the Developing countries are known as the emerging markets. They are driving the global economy. Investing in emerging markets is a wise decision as the growth can be witnessed and also have better return on investment for future. It is anticipated that Emerging economies will mature two to three times more rapidly than developed nation like the US, as predicted by International Monetary Fund estimates. Corporate profits incline to grow faster when economic growth is higher. Likewise, US companies have done well in the last 12 months is because of their growth in non-US markets. Emerging markets also prove beneficial to investors as they create diversification as they act differently than developed markets. Emerging Markets Index of Morgan Stanley's consists of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Egypt, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Israel, Jordan, Poland, Russia, South Africa, Taiwan, Thailand, and Turkey (Forbes). Russia is one of the booming emerging markets in the East. However, Russia is not always an investor favorite as it is a booming market in global oil and gas demand. Russia has tons of both. It is the world's prominent natural gas producer and exporter and has the 8th largest oil reserves in the world. Russia is considered as a bargain for equity, but that is mostly due to country risk. (Forbes) During the recession in 2008, world markets in developed countries crashed but the emerging markets saved the global...
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...Contents List of Figures 4 1. Introduction 5 2. Strategic Focus 7 2.1 Our Vision 7 2.2 Our Mission 7 2.3 Organizational Values 7 2.4 Highest Priority Goals 8 3. About DNV 9 3.1 DNV’s History 9 3.2 SWOT Analysis 10 4. Market Analysis 12 4.1 Industry’s Economy 12 4.2 Success Factors 12 4.3 Risks and Barriers 12 4.4 Key Customers 12 4.5 Size of Target Market 13 5. Products 14 5.1 Choosing Services to be implemented in the UAE 14 5.2 The Decision: 25 6 Marketing 26 6.1 Product Prices and Benefits to the Customer 26 6.2 Product Distribution 26 7 Research, Development and Innovation 27 7.1 Importance and Need for Research 27 7.2 Research and Development Objectives 27 8 Business Systems and Processes 28 8.1 Executing Operations and Project Studies 28 8.2 Risk Management 28 8.3 Quality Control System 28 8.4 Contractors and Suppliers 28 8.5 Customer Relationships and Targeting 29 8.6 Employee Training 29 9 External Environment, Stakeholders Relationships and Alliances 30 9.1 Importance of Analyzing the Environment 30 9.2 External Environment Elements 30 9.3 Problems of Uncertainty and Interdependence 31 10. Organization Design and Management 33 10.1 Organization Design 33 10.2 Staffing Requirements 33 10.3 Employee Recruitment and Training 33 10.4 Performance Standards and Feedback 34 11. Environmental and Social Impacts 35 11.1 External Impact 35 11.2 Internal Impact 35 11.3 Ethics 36 ...
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...------------------------------------------------- University of Oklahoma EMBA5072Corporate Finance TEAM 6 – Karen Waldrip, Atjen Shasivari, Keith Albright ------------------------------------------------- University of Oklahoma EMBA5072Corporate Finance TEAM 6 – Karen Waldrip, Atjen Shasivari, Keith Albright 1366 Technologies-Scaling the Venture 1366 Technologies-Scaling the Venture EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1366 Technologies (“1366”) is a Massachusetts-based solar energy 2007 start-up that is developing a series of innovations to drive down the levelized cost of solar electricity. Its first target is the wafer with its Direct Wafer™ technology which has the potential to revolutionize wafer manufacturing by eliminating process steps, time, and waste with a refined, scalable process. 1366 Technologies’ eliminates the cost and production challenges that have hampered solar power’s ability to replace fossil fuels. The company combines breakthrough innovations in silicon cell architecture with lean manufacturing processes to make the world’s most cost effective and commercially viable high efficiency solar cells. Developed by a veteran team of scientists led by world renowned inventor, Ely Sachs, and its co-founder and CEO, Frank van Mierlo, the company’s innovative approach breaks the historic efficiency and cost tradeoff of solar photovoltaics. 1366 Technologies’ initial investment (Series A) financing came at the end of 2007 from venture capitalists and it received $3...
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...Table of contents Introduction 2 The Concept of Competitiveness 3 Created versus inherited prosperity 3 Indicators and enablers of competitiveness 5 Determinant of Competitiveness 6 EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE ON RUSSIA’S OIL PRICE , DEPENDENCE AND THE RISK OF THE DUTCH DISEASE 10 THE ROLE OF RAW MATERIALS IN RUSSIA’S EXPORTS 10 THE ROLE OF RAW MATERIALS IN DOMESTIC PRODUCTION 12 IS RUSSIA SHOWING SYMPTOMS OF THE DUTCH DISEASE? 15 2008 Economic Crisis 18 Conclusion 22 Introduction Since I could choose a country from Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the choice was pretty natural for me. I have chosen the major member which has the biggest global influence among the other participants. The country which has actually formed the CIS is Russia. The point of the whole research is to put oneself in the shoes of en exporter or investor. What does the investor want? He wants to gain as much return on investment as possible. What does this factor depend on? Actually, it depends on lots of nuances, but the most important is economic growth of a country. What if several countries show the same performance on average? The investor should choose between the ‘competitors’. Any favorable environment attracts new businesses and investments that increase its competitiveness. There are lots of factors to be taken into consideration when estimating the competitiveness of a county. Most of them have an impact on country’s GDP, so a brief look on it will give us a general...
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...ExxonMobil is an American established gas and oil firm that has a head office in the metropolis of Irving, Texas. Even though it is American established and holds its head office in Texas, it is additionally a multinational firm that is recognized and utilized worldwide. The Exxon Firm was instituted in the year of 1934 across the mergence of the Average Oil Firm of New Jersey and the Anglo-American Oil Company. Even though these two firms joined in 1934, the name and company of Exxon did not come about until 1972. Exxon Mobil was instituted afterward, in 1999, alongside the mergence of Exxon and Mobil. ExxonMobil is an extremely prosperous firm, generally because “it is the third biggest firm by revenue and the subsequent biggest openly traded firm by marketplace backing in the world.” (Nagurney, 2010) An example of how big and successful ExxonMobil is, is lead by its largest shareholder, which happens to be the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. “The company is ranked No. 5 globally in 2013. ExxonMobil’s reserves were 72 billion BOE (barrels of oil equivalent) at the end of 2007 and, at then rates of production, were expected to last over 14 years. With 37 oil refineries in 21 countries constituting a combined daily refining capacity of 6.3 million barrels, ExxonMobil is the largest refiner in the world, a title that was also associated with Standard Oil since its incorporation in 1870.” (Nagurney, 2010) All of the products that ExxonMobil markets around the world are marketed through...
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...The Abstract. Green Washing is “an environmental claim which is unsubstantiated (a fib) or irrelevant (a distraction). Found in advertising, PR or on packaging, and made about people, organizations and products. to preserve and expand their markets by posing as friends of the environment and leaders in the struggle to eradicate poverty the purpose of green washing is to preserve and expand their markets by posing as friends of the environment and leaders in the struggle to eradicate poverty. The history of green washing begins with research of environmentalist Jay Westerveld in 1986, in an essay regarding the hotel industry’s practice of placing green placards in each room, promoting reuse of guest-towels, ostensibly to “save the environment. Energy sector represents “biomass, coal, electricity, geothermal energy, hydrogen, hydropower, natural gas, nuclear power, petroleum, solar power, and power wind”, companies involved in generating energy. In this research paper, main focus is analyzing major energy industry components such as Petroleum industry, Nuclear power industry and Coal power industry, in order to explore the related Green Washing phenomenon. As an example for green washing, “Australian Federal Government’s Green Washing Campaign of nuclear power as a “clean” energy source and as the primary solution to reduce Australia’s green house emissions”, analyzed in this research. As an example in coal industry “ the clean coal” campaign recognized and analyzed as...
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...Introduction The report encapsulates a detailed assessment of the financial performance of the firms; Petronas Gas Berhad and Shell refining company which belongs to the gas and oil industry. An extensive evaluation of the financial statements of the year 2009 to 2011 has been incorporated. Company Profiles I. Petronas Gas Berhad (PGB) PGB was founded on 1983. TOD is responsible for the transmission and delivery of sales gas to customers in the power, industrial and commercial sectors throughout Peninsular and East Malaysia. Business Activites: Four major divisions operate under PGB. They are Plant Operations, Transmission Operations, Centralised Utility Facilities and Technical and Facilities Development. Plant operations are responsible for the processing of the gas piped from the Petronas offshore fields, and the Transmission Operations are used to transport the processed gas via the Peninsular Gas Utilisation (PGU) pipeline network to Petronas consumers nationally. Centralised Utility Facilities division is responsible for delivering industrial utilities to the various petrochemical plants which are operative in Kertih, Terengganu and Gebeng, Pahang. Lastly, the fourth division provides expert technical services in engineering and project management for PGB and other bodies operated within the Petronas group of companies. In 2012, Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Regasification Division was formed which plays the role of supervising and operation of engineering...
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...ASSESMENT: CASE ANALYSIS Submission 21st February 2001 Present an in-depth comparative analysis of two firms operating in two different countries. In the case analysis compare and contrast the differences in political, ethical, economic and legal differences and their impact on management decision making. Introduction: The aim of this paper is to identify the key political, ethical and economic differences between Apple, based in the USA and Shell, based in Holland, and then compare the differences based on management the individual decision making processes in the subject countries. The ethical conditions will also be discussed, with regard to laws on corporate social responsibility of the companies, as well as the environmental laws of the countries and the impact on the companies. Shell Holland Royal Dutch Shell plc, also known as shell, is a global group of energy and Petrochemicals Company with more than 100,000 employees in almost 90 countries. Shell is a worldwide oil and gas company, which is headquartered in the Netherlands and with its registered office in the United Kingdom. It is the largest energy company and the second-largest company in the world measured by revenues, It is management controlled and is active in every area of the oil and gas industry, that includes exploration and production, refining, distribution and marketing, power generation and trading. It also has major renewable energy activities, hydrogen, solar and wind power...
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...another they usually become friendly and informal. Canada as the United States encourages small businesses to grow and prosper as well as their economic. In regards to the workplace, Canada also promotes from within companies and wants its workforce to be involved in a company’s growth and offers great benefits to its employees. Canada as the Unites States offers great cultural diversity among its people and within the workforce as well. It would be easier for an individual to adapt to Canadian ethical behavior since it is similar and diverse as the United States. There are many similarities and differences between the culture of the United States and the culture of Canada. While there are many preconceptions about the culture and behaviors of Canadians, many of the country’s customs are similar to those found in the United States, despite differences in culture and government styles. Both Canada and the United States share similar views that are found within Adler’s table. Such views include dimensions of “Individual, world, human relations, activity, time, and space,” (Adler, 2008, p.22). The population of Canada is 34,030,589. Its government leads in the style of “Confederation with parliamentary democracy,” (The World Almanac Online, 2012). Major industries in...
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...corporate behavior attributed, more generally, to capitalism’s inability to check the unmitigated growth of corporate greed. Others believe Enron’s collapse can be traced back to questionable accounting practices such as mark-to-market accounting and the utilization of Special Purpose Entities (SPE’s) to hide financial debt. In other instances, people point toward Enron’s mismanagement of risk and overextension of capital resources, coupled with the stark philosophical differences in management that existed between company leaders, as the primary reasons why the company went bankrupt. Yet, despite these various analyses of why things went wrong, the story of Enron’s rise and fall continues to mystify the general public as well as generate continued interest in what actually happened. The broad purpose of this paper is to investigate the Enron scandal from variety perspectives. The paper begins with a narrative of the rise and fall of Enron as the seventh largest company in the United States and the sixth largest energy company in the world. The narrative examines the historical, economic, and political conditions that helped Enron to grow into one of the world’s dominant corporation’s in the natural gas, electricity, paper and pulp, and communications markets. Upon providing the substantive...
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...petrochemical companies is a multinational company with worldwide recognition. Shell is best known for its service stations and for exploring and producing oil and gas on land and at sea. In truth Shell deliver a vast range of energy solutions and petrochemicals to customers, produce and sell petrochemical building blocks to industrial customers on a global scale, invest in making renewable and lower-carbon energy sources, competitive for large scale use. LITERATURE REVIEW Corporate Strategy of shell By being more upstream Shell aims to focus its investments on long term, high return projects to develop oil and gas resources, and grow the companies leading liquefied natural gas business. Downstream profits involves; generating more cash by reshaping integrated oil products and petrochemicals portfolio to enhance operations and focus on growth markets, particularly in Asia. Shell believes that this strategy will improve their business performance and increase their contribution to sustainable development. “Stronger emphasis on our upstream activities and fast growing markets will help us deliver the energy the world needs for economic growth and poverty reduction”. Shell aims to increase focus on producing cleaner burning natural gas, in so doing reducing dependency on coal. Shell is aware that the growing demand for oil and gas presents sustainable development challenges. Producing and using this extra energy is only sustainable, and socially acceptable, if ways are found to combat...
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...the government has decided to bestow the “Maharatna” status with increased empowerments and distinctly higher status as a premier Public Sector Undertaking. The company has recorded the highest Net Profit of Rs. 189,240 million. ONGC recorded highest ever production of 62.05 million ton of oil and equivalent gas (MMTOE). For the reporting year 2010-11. This represents a growth of 12% in both turnover and net worth and 13% in net profit over FY-2010. The company continued to pursue its growth strategy despite the fact that global economy was in shambles and the oil industry had been at crossroads since later half of 2008. The growth vehicle of ONGC, “ONGC VIDESH LTD.” With 40 projects in 15 countries sourced 8.87 MTOE of oil and gas in FY 2010: the highest ever. Beyond core activities of E&P, the company’s efforts towards new gas sources are also laudable. CBM production from the pilot Parbatpur, Jharia project has started in January 2010. Environmental clearance from UCG pilot project at Vatsan, Gujarat has also been obtained. The company has also taken lead in the exploration of shale gas in the country by launching an integrated pilot shale gas project in Damodar valley . The value multiplier projects in the areas of power, petrochemicals, SEZ are at different stages of completion and all of these projects are scheduled to be commissioned during 2012/2013. For all these endeavors, the company has created for systematic and required investment plans...
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