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Anatomy & Physiology Preload After Load

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Pressure Volume loop Study Guide

What is preload?

• Occurs during ventricular filling

• Is the degree the ventricles stretch by blood moving passively into the atrium during ventricular diastole

• Affects the ability of the muscle to produce tension,

• Think of muscle cell, with actin and mysosin complex,

• As you increase the volume of blood in ventricular diastole, the pressure will increase

o Related to the EDPVR = end diastole pressure volume relationship

• Preload is the degree of myocardial stretch before contraction



stroke volume?

• Stroke volume is EDV – ESV

• The amount of blood pump out by one ventricular contraction

• Average is 70 ml

EDV and Stroke Volume

• When humans are at rest,

o The EDV is low

▪ Less ventricular filling before the contraction phase

o Myocardium stretches less

o Stroke volume is low

• Wen human exercise

o EDV increases

o The myocardium stretches more, yielding more work

o Stroke volume increase

• Frank- Starling principle

o As the EDV increase, stroke volume will increase

o Stroke volume increases as EDV increases

• Physical limits

o The expansion of the ventricles from the filling of blood is limited by ct , cardiac skeleton, pericardial sac

What is afterload?

• Tension the ventricle produce to open the semilunar valve and eject blood to the aorta

|Pressure Volume Loop |

• Pressure is on the y axis

• Volume on the xaxis

• 1 loop = 1 heart contraction / beat

[pic]

• From A to A prime you have ventricular

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