...Influenza or the flu affects an estimated 5-15% of the world’s population and results in 500,000 deaths annually. (World Health Organization, 2009). In the United States, between 1979 and 2001, averages of 226,000 persons were hospitalized and 36,000 died each year as a result of complications from influenza. (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2007[CDC]). The primary method for preventing influenza is the flu vaccine, which is available in a variety of settings including clinics, hospitals, pharmacies and schools. The vaccine is typically distributed in October and November in anticipation of the winter flu season, which usually begins in late November and peaks in February. Influenza has been a common seasonal irritant for many years; it is a respiratory infection caused by a variety of viruses. Its symptoms are consistent with those of a cold, congestion, fever, chills, aches and pains. The virus can pass through the air and enter the body through the nose or mouth; it is spread very easily and very contagious. Everyone needs to be aware of the dangers of the influenza virus and the benefits of the influenza vaccine. The vaccine is a primary level of intervention to prevent a person from becoming ill with the influenza virus. Once vaccinated against the influenza antibodies are produced and hopefully the person who was vaccinated will not become infected. Cross-transmission of influenza infection from healthcare personnel (HCP) to patients has been described in...
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...Aswath Damodaran 1 VALUATION Cynic: A person who knows the price of everything but the value of nothing.. Oscar Wilde First Principles 2 Maximize the value of the business (firm) The Investment Decision Invest in assets that earn a return greater than the minimum acceptable hurdle rate The Financing Decision Find the right kind of debt for your firm and the right mix of debt and equity to fund your operations The Dividend Decision If you cannot find investments that make your minimum acceptable rate, return the cash to owners of your business The hurdle rate should reflect the riskiness of the investment and the mix of debt and equity used to fund it. The return should reflect the magnitude and the timing of the cashflows as welll as all side effects. The optimal mix of debt and equity maximizes firm value The right kind of debt matches the tenor of your assets How much cash you can return depends upon current & potential investment opportunities How you choose to return cash to the owners will depend on whether they prefer dividends or buybacks Aswath Damodaran 2 Three approaches to valuaEon 3 ¨ ¨ ¨ Intrinsic valuaEon: The value of an asset is a funcEon of its fundamentals – cash flows, growth and risk. In general, ...
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...aper Lee was the creator of the bestseller, To Kill A Mockingbird, which gives a childhood insight into the southern town of Maycomb, Alabama and its surrounding regions through the eyes of a little girl named Jean Louise Finch during the Great Depression era. In her literary work, she asserts that each character within the book serves a purpose into the internal development of Jean and her older brother Jem in a time where prejudice thrived. Lee grants the status of authority to the adults within the novel using rhetorical strategies consisting of word choice, character dialogue, and figurative language ,such as similes, in order to inform the reader of the social norms and standards older generations have passed down to them over the generations...
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...costs is linear throughout the relevant range.3. Explain the concept of mixed costs. Mixed costs increase in total but not proportionatelywith changes in the activity level. For purposes of CVP analysis, mixed costs must beclassified into their fixed and variable elements. One method that management may use isthe high-low method.4. List the five components of cost-volume-profit analysis. The five components of CVPanalysis are (a) volume or level of activity, (b) unit selling prices, (c) variable cost per unit,(d) total fixed costs, and (e) sales mix.5. Indicate what contribution margin is and how it can be expressed. Contribution marginis the amount of revenue remaining after deducting variable costs. It can be expressed as aper unit amount or as a ratio.6. Identify the three ways to determine the break-even point. The break-even point can be(a) computed from a mathematical equation, (b) computed by using a contribution margintechnique, and (c) derived from a CVP graph.7. Define margin of safety and give the formulas for computing it. Margin of safety is thedifference between actual or expected sales and sales at the break-even point. Theformulas for margin of safety are Actual (expected) sales – Break-even sales = Margin of safety in dollars; Margin of safety in dollars ÷ Actual (expected) sales = Margin of safetyratio.8. Give the formulas for...
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...3 The Regulatory System in the United Kingdom This chapter examines the regulatory system currently in place in the United Kingdom. It provides an overview of the structure and objectives of regulation, the role of the regulator and the techniques that are employed in regulating firms and individuals who engage in investment business. 3.1 Background: the financial crisis and regulatory reform 3.1.1 Responding to the financial crisis In the UK, as elsewhere, the onset of the financial crisis exposed deficiencies in financial regulation and led to calls for regulatory reform. The Treasury Select Committee1 led the way, with its hearings into the collapse of Northern Rock exposing serious deficiencies in supervision and risk management.2 In October 2008, the Chancellor of the Exchequer asked Lord Turner, the newly appointed chairman of the FSA, to review the causes of the crisis and to make recommendations on the changes in regulation and supervisory approach needed to create a more robust banking system for the future. The Turner Review3, published in March 2009, made a 1 The Treasury Select Committee is a Parliamentary (House of Commons) committee that scrutinises the activity of the regulatory authorities in the UK. 2 See House of Commons Treasury Committee, The Run on the Rock HC 56-1 (Fifth Report of Session 2007-08). 3 FSA, ‘The Turner Review, A regulatory response to the global banking crisis’ (March 2009) at http://www.fsa.gov.uk/Pages/Library/Corporate/turner/index...
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...Foundations of Psychology Karen Johnson PSY 300 January 25, 2014 Foundations of Psychology There are many ideas regarding why humans think, have the feelings or behave the way that they do. According to Kowalski and Western (2009) psychology is “the scientific investigation of mental processes, (thinking, remembering, and feeling). There are four major schools of thought in psychology and each has its own theory on the subject, though all have influenced mankind’s understanding of psychology. Each of these perspectives takes on a different theory of the causes and various psychological disorders with unique approaches to treatment. Freud started the psychodynamic approach, he theorized that people have “powerful motives that underlie their conscious intentions” (Kowalski & Western, 2005, p. 8). The psychodynamic approach includes all the theories in psychology that see human functioning based upon the interaction of drives and forces within the person, particularly unconscious, and between the different structures of the personality. According to The Interpretation of Dreams, “It inaugurated the new practice of psychoanalysis, and impacted society and culture in the interpretation of literature and art.” Freud’s belief that dreams are highly symbolic, containing both secret and unhidden meanings as well as underlying, unconscious thoughts. Dreams he suggested are our unconscious wishes in disguise. As stated in Psychopathology of Everyday Life, “By discarding...
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...Pergamon English for SpecificPurposes, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 119-138, 1997 © 1997 The AmericanUniversity.Published by ElsevierScience Ltd All rights reserved. Printed in Great Britain 08894906/97 $17.00+0.00 PIh S0889-4906(90)00019-1 T h e M e d i c a l R e s e a r c h Paper: S t r u c t u r e and Functions K evin Ngozi N w o g u A bstract--Studies i nto the organization of information in the medical research p aper have tended to present accounts of the structure of information in s ections in isolation. The structure of information in all sections of the medical r esearch paper was investigated using Swales' (1981, 1990) genre-analysis m odel. An eleven-move schema was identified, out of which nine were found t o be "normally required" and two "optional". Each schema was found to e mbody "constituent elements" and to be characterized by distinct linguistic f eatures. The study provides insights into the nature of discourse organization in this genre of written discourse. © 1997 The American University. Published b y Elsevier Science Ltd I ntroduction A s with most experimental research reports, the medical research paper is a highly technical form with a standard format for the presentation of i nformation. This format is the division of the paper into "Introduction, M ethods, Results and Discussion" - - the traditional IMRD sections of the r esearch paper. M ost research article writers are familiar with the IMRD format, but not all are conscious...
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...Assess the reign of Amenhotep III Amenhotep III’s reign is often referred to the “Golden Age”, a time of political stability and economic prosperity for Egypt. With an abundance of tribute, booty, and access/exploitation of natural resources in conquered areas of Nubia, and its sphere of influence in Syria-Palestine; Egypt’s affluence only flourished. This enabled Amenhotep’s expanse/magnificent building programs, also resulting to advances in art and religion. Furthermore, changes in the importance and role of the queen progressed in this period; to the extent of Tiye’s deification, as evident in the temple at Sedeinga, built in dedication to her worship. Despite Amenhotep III’s reputation as a great diplomat, the effectiveness of his foreign policy- particularly the lack of military control over vassal states of Syria- Palestine, is contested as a precursor to the eventual loss of Egypt’s northern vassals with the emergence of the Hittites as a rival power during Akhenaten’s reign. Building schemes were not only of socio-political importance, but also vital in reinforcing the religious role of the pharaoh as the intermediary between the gods and the people of Egypt- he himself a reincarnation of Horus, or in Amenhotep’s case, Amun. His divine birth scene depicted at Luxor Temple of Amun giving the ankh “breath of life” to his mother, is significant in establishing his divine power as upholder of ma’at- the divinely established order of the universe. Moreover, Amenhotep’s...
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...Running Title: To Work Or Not To Work TO WORK OR NOT TO WORK: THE IMPACT OF WORK ON STUDENTS’ COLLEGE EXPERIENCE David X. Cheng, Assistant Dean for Research and Planning, Columbia College and The Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science, and Adjunct Professor, Department of Organization and Leadership, Teachers College, Columbia University Lucia Alcántara, Doctoral Student, Department of Organization and Leadership, Teachers College, Columbia University Address Correspondence to: David X. Cheng, Columbia University, 407 Alfred Lerner Hall, 2920 Broadway, MC 2611, New York, NY 10027. E-mail: dxc1@columbia.edu. To Work Or Not To Work Page 1 TO WORK OR NOT TO WORK: THE IMPACT OF WORK ON STUDENTS’ COLLEGE EXPERIENCE ABSTRACT Existing research on student employment focuses on the impact of work on persistence and degree attainment. This study, however, pays special attention to how work affects students' college experience. Blending quantitative and qualitative methods, the study examines the difference between working and nonworking students in their academic and social experience on campus, students’ perceptions of work, and the impact of work on their college life. The results indicate no significant difference between working and nonworking students in their academic and social experience, though working students' GPAs are lower than that of the nonworking. Constantly searching for meaningful work as well as meaning in their work, most working students...
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...RESEARCH TECHNIQUES CLASSIFICATION Uni-bi variant techniques • Uni-variant analysis – Frequency Tables (qualitative) – Descriptive Statistics (quantitative) – Summary Tables • Bi-variant analysis – Contingency Tables – Correlation analysis – Variance analysis Research Techniques II 2 Multivariant analysis techniques DESCRIPTIVE TECHNIQUES Factor Analysis Correspondence Factor analysis Cluster Analysis Output Association / Reducing dimensions Typology EXPLANATORY TECHNIQUES Varian Analysis Regression Analysis Discriminant Analysis CHAID AID Conjoint Analysis Multidimensional Analysis Research Techniques II Output Experiment results Prediction / Classification Segmentation Ideal Product Image / Positioning 3 VARIANCE ANALYSIS ONE FACTOR A random design is that where random simples are selected for each treatment. Yij = µi + εij where Yij: it is the answer of observation j who has received the treatment i µi: it is the mean of the treatment i, and εij: it is a specific random part for each observation Hypotheses: H0 : µ1 = µ2 = . . . = µp Ha: At least two treatments have different means. Assumptions: 1. The probability distributions of the p populations follow a normal distribution. 2. The variances of the p populations are equal. 3. Samples are selected randomly and independently from the populations. This model could be also expressed as the following: Yij = µ + τi + εij Where µ: it is the general mean, and τi: it is the differential effect of the treatment i. H 0 : τ...
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...OUR INDIGENOUS LANGUAGE AND ITS IDENTITY Language is species specific and species generic possession that is uniquely human. It is peculiar to human beings and it can be both an individual property (when it exists as knowledge) and a social property, (when it manifests to perform its functions). The survival of the language of a people is very vital to the people's survival on the whole. In 2012, the United Nations held a forum on ‘The Study on the role of languages and culture in the promotion and protection of the rights and identity of indigenous peoples’. The importance of language is summed up in the following quote: “Language is an essential part of, and intrinsically linked to, indigenous peoples’ ways of life, culture and identities. Languages embody many indigenous values and concepts and contain indigenous peoples’ histories and development. They are fundamental markers of indigenous peoples’ distinctiveness and cohesiveness as peoples.” This is because "Language is not only a vehicle through which a peoples culture can be expressed but also a medium of one's thought, imaginations, creativity, aspirations, desires, emotions, indeed the entire human need and capacity" (Banjo, 1971). According to Hale in Orkar (2006:5), losing one's language entails losing one's "culture, intellectual wealth, a work of art etc. It is like dropping a bomb on a museum." Language captures the entire essence of man. It makes man who he is and what he will become. Chomsky in Banjo...
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...exchange rate determination “Having endeavored to forecast exchange rates for more than half a century, I have understandably developed significant humility about my ability in this area…”[1] - Alan Greenspan Figure 1: Exchange Rate Determination [pic] Source: Exchange Rate Determination I. Short-Run Forecasting Tools Short-term changes in exchange rates are the most difficult to predict and are often determined based on bandwagon effects, overreaction to news, speculation, and technical analysis.[2] Trend-Following Behavior is the tendency for the market to follow a trend. In other words an increase in the exchange rate is more likely to be followed by another increase. Investor Sentiment is based on the consensus of the market. For example if the market is bullish on the dollar, then the dollar is likely to strengthen versus other currencies. The FX market is quite different from the world equity markets in one important aspect: transparency. In equity markets, rules ensure that volume and price data are readily available to all parties… this is NOT the case in FX markets. In fact large FX dealers are able to observe factors such as: shifts in risk appetite, liquidity needs, hedging demands, and institutional rebalancing.[3] Order Flow - there is evidence of a positive correlation between spot exchange rate movements and order flows in the inter-dealer market[4] and with movements in customer order flows.[5] Three explanations for the cause...
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...Mixing Law and Medicine: A Lethal Combination Abstract “First do no harm” is the foundations that medical practices are based on, but there times in which the lines are blurred and physicians must question their ethical, legal and moral participation in procedures. Physician participation in executions of convicted criminals is explored in this paper. The history of the death penalty, including the early involvement of physicians is surveyed. The pros and cons as well of the legal and ethical grounds for medical professionals are weighed ultimately present the necessity for qualified medical professionals to carry out state sanctioned executions regardless of one’s position on the death penalty. Outline I. Introduction a. Thesis- Even though physician’s participation in the implementation of court ordered executions are in direct violation of the fundamental directive of the Physician’s Code of Ethics, “First, do no harm…,” it is a necessary product of the practice to ensure a “good death” for the convicted. II. History and Development of Capital Punishment a. Primitive Forms b. Physician Involvement in capital punishment progression c. Federal Government Intervention d. Current participation state statistics III. Medical Code of Ethics History IV. American Medical Association (AMA) a. AMA stance b. Acceptable actions c. Unacceptable actions V. The Physician’s Argument a. Same motivations- different point of view VI. Other Ethical...
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