Axia College Material
Appendix H
Monotheistic Religion Elements Matrix | Judaism | Christianity | Islam | Countries of origin | * Judaism started at Mount Sinai in Arabia according to history; however, Israel was to be the homeland of the Jews. | * Originated in eastern Mediterranean throughout the life of Jesus Christ, in addition to it becoming the major religion of the Roman Empire by the end of the 4th century | * Islam derived from Mecca before the prophet Muhammad journeyed to Medina. * Arabia which is recognized as being the country of derivation; even so, In addition, Islam was developed inside of Egypt and Iran. | Historical figures and events | * Abraham, first Patriarch of the Israelites, was ready to sacrifice his son Isaac at God’s demand. * God commanded Abraham to discontinue this sacrifice because he had proven his fear of God, and this took place just before the sacrifice. * King David * Fall of Jerusalem * Holocaust | * Birth of Jesus Christ * Jesus Christ, known to be the son of God and the savior of humanity, was viewed as a political threat to the Roman Empire. * Crucifixion of Jesus | * Muhammad is known as the prophet of God. He becomes The Prophet at age 40. * Abraham, Ismail, and Hagar built the Ka’bah, the holiest of temples, in Mecca. * Muhammad documented the words of Gabriel the angel, and those words became the first words of the Qu’ran. * Muhammad conferred a truce between Mecca and Medina, in which the outcome was the purging of idols from the Ka’bah. | Central beliefs | * Central beliefs are well known through the Talmud, Torah, and the Ten Commandments. * The most vital act is to love God. * There is One God who created the Universe and rules it. * Covenant linking God and Jewish people | * Christians ought to follow the Ten Commandments and additional laws enclosed in the Christian Bible. * Only One God created the universe and rules it * Jesus is the son of God. | * The Five Pillars of Islam are the central beliefs that Muslims must practice. | Nature of God | * Only one God subsists. * God is the Creator of the heavens and Earth. * No others are to be worshipped except God. * God is Omnipotent * God is Omniscient | * Only one God subsists. Creator of the universe and all living things * Jesus is the Son of God. * Jesus was sent to Earth to teach individuals about the word of God. * Jesus is the path to salvation. | * There is only one God Allah. * Muhammad is Gods messenger | Texts | * * * * * * The Torah, which refers to all sacred Jewish texts, is the origin for all Jewish teachings. * The Tanakh, or the Hebrew Bible, includes an account of how God created the Earth. * The Oral Torah | * The Christian Bible, which consists of the Old Testament and the New Testament | * The sacred text of Islam is the Qu'ran. | Ritual and practice | * Rosh Hashannah is in support of mending the correlation involving oneself and God. * Yom Kippur, which is the day, designated for anointment is where the Jewish community pray and fast on behalf of forgiveness. * Bar Mitzvah for boys * Bat Mitzvah for girls | * Archetypal worship takes place within a church structure on Wednesdays (bible study) and Sundays (Sunday school and devotional service). * Communion, or Eucharist, whereby Jesus is believed to award communion by way of himself * Catholics confess their sins preceding taking Communion. * Orthodox Christians fast for several days preceding Communion. * Baptism purifies sins. * Offerings | * Ceremonial prayer, known as Salah, must be performed while being in front of Mecca 5 times every day. * Zakat, which is the giving of alms * Fasting beginning at daybreak and ending at nightfall during the month of Ramadan * The Hajj, or pilgrimage to Mecca | Ethics and morality | * Jewish morals and ethics are based on Abraham's love of God, which was so strong Abraham was prepared to sacrifice his son. * Jews are expected at all times to illustrate the identical love to God that Abraham did. | * Christianity preaches a unity with God and an afterlife with Him is merely achievable through a life of following the Ten Commandments, living by the Golden Rule, and accepting Jesus as the savior of humanity. | * Islam teaches to lend a hand to those less privileged than you are. * Muslims are taught to love God so that he may reciprocate his love. * At all times, lend a hand to your fellow man in any way you can. |