...Introducing Transaction Log Files Each SQL Server 2000 database has at least one transaction log file and can have multiple transaction log files spread across a number of disks. Each transaction log file is a separate operating system file and is used by only one database. Each transaction log file generally has the .ldf filename extension (this extension is not required). Each transaction log has a logical filename that is used in Transact-SQL statements and a physical filename that is used by the Windows operating system. Additional file properties include the file ID number, initial file size, file growth increment (if any), and maximum file size. Unlike data files that contain pages, transaction log files contain a series of transaction log records. A sequential log sequence number (LSN) identifies each transaction log record. Regardless of the number of physical log files, SQL Server 2000 treats the transaction log as one continuous log. SQL Server 2000 logically divides each physical transaction log file into a number of virtual log files (VLFs). The number and size of virtual log files are determined dynamically based on the size of each transaction log file. Each transaction log file has at least two VLFs. Each growth increment (if any) is treated as a separate physical file with its own VLFs. The number or size of VLFs cannot be configured or set directly by the database administrator. SQL Server 2000 tries to maintain a small number of virtual file logs because it operates...
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...PROCEDURES FOR CONDUCTING PRACTICAL ICT TESTS The Supervisor A suitably competent supervisor, who may be the candidates’ tutor, is responsible for the administration of the practical tests according to these instructions. The supervisor is responsible for the preparation of the hardware and software for the test. Timetabling of the Practical Tests CIE does not timetable the practical tests in the same way as most IGCSE and AS & A Level written papers. The IGCSE and AS & A Level timetable will specify a period within which candidates must take the two practical tests for each syllabus. Within this period, Centres may conduct the practical tests at any convenient time or times. Candidates must complete each practical test in a single session. Wherever possible, candidates from the same Centre should sit their assessment at the same time. If more than one session is necessary to accommodate all candidates, these sessions should follow on from each other. However, Centres do not need to sequester candidates until other candidates have taken the test. When arranging examination dates, Centres should take into account the time needed to set up the system and should allow contingency planning (e.g. to reschedule examination times due to possible hardware failure) wherever possible. Preparation for the Practical Tests Before the candidates take a practical test, the supervisor must work through a past/specimen paper, using the hardware and software that the candidates will be using...
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...This customer data file is for 60,000 customer records in the restaurant category. Clean up the data: As with most customer data files, there is incomplete information. Address how you handle incomplete data. (I suggest completely eliminating records in Acquisition Channel with “NULL” or “Uncategorized”.) Also eliminate any records with blank in Ethnicity. Note in Ethnicity African-Americans is also coded as Afr. Am. so these two should be combined. In Age of Kids there are cells coded as Pre-teen &? I suggest combining with “Age Mix” or “Preteen & Teenagers”. After cleaning up the file, we are left with 26,352 records which should still be an adequate sample size.) Questions for analysis: 1. Calculate the profitability of each customer. Assume the average Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) for all vouchers (with promotional discounts factored in) is 20% of the total revenue. Assume the average one-time Cost per Acquisition (CPA) for each channel is: $12 for Advertising, $10 for Affiliate, $5 for Email, $8 for ILS, $7 for Paid Search and $5 for Social Media. Assume there are no additional costs. You may find the Excel VLOOKUP function helpful for this (https://support.office.com/en-sg/article/VLOOKUP-function-0bbc8083-26fe-4963-8ab8-93a18ad188a1). 2. What does the “average” ECB.com customer look like? Is the “average” customer desirable or undesirable? Why? 3. Describe each segment (new, engaged, lapsed, inactive). How much revenue does each segment...
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...In layered architecture of Network Models, one whole network process is divided into small tasks. Each small task is then assigned to a particular layer which works dedicatedly to process the task only. Every layer does only specific work. I have chooses application layer from the OSI model because the world experiences the Internet through the use of the World Wide Web, e-mail, and file-sharing programs. These applications, as well as others, provide the human interface to the underlying network, allowing you to send and receive information with relative ease. Most of the applications are intuitive; they can be accessed and used without the need to know how they work. As we continue to study the world of networking, it becomes more important to know how an application is able to format, transmit, and interpret messages that are sent and received across the network. INTRODUCTION Application layer is the highest most layers in OSI and TCP/IP layered model and this layer exists in both layered Models because of its significance which is interacting with user and user applications. This layer is for applications which are involved in communication system. A user may or may not directly interacts with these applications. Application layer is where the actual communication is initiated and reflects....
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...of Traditional File-Based Approach and Database Approach At the beginning, you should understand the rationale of replacing the traditional file-based system with the database system. File-based System File-based systems were an early attempt to computerize the manual filing system. File-based system is a collection of application programs that perform services for the end-users. Each program defines and manages its data. However, five types of problem are occurred in using the file-based approach: Separation and isolation of data When data is isolated in separate files, it is more difficult for us to access data that should be available. The application programmer is required to synchronize the processing of two or more files to ensure the correct data is extracted. Duplication of data When employing the decentralized file-based approach, the uncontrolled duplication of data is occurred. Uncontrolled duplication of data is undesirable because: i. Duplication is wasteful ii. Duplication can lead to loss of data integrity Data dependence Using file-based system, the physical structure and storage of the data files and records are defined in the application program code. This characteristic is known as program-data dependence. Making changes to an existing structure are rather difficult and will lead to a modification of program. Such maintenance activities are time-consuming and subject to error. Incompatible file formats The...
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...Your new audit client, Hardwood Lumber Company, has a computerized accounting system for all financial statement cycles. During planning, you visited with the information systems vice president and learned that personnel in information systems are assigned to one of four departments: systems programming, applications programming, operations, or data control. Job tasks are specific to the individual and no responsibilities overlap with other departments. Hardwood Lumber relies on the operating system software to restrict online access to individuals. The operating system allows an employee with “READ” capabilities to only view the contents of the program or file. “CHANGE” allows the employee to update the contents of the program or file. “RUN” allows the employee to use a program to process data. Programmers, both systems and applications, are restricted to a READ-only access to all live application software program files but have READ and CHANGE capabilities for test copies of those software program files. Operators have READ and RUN capabilities for live application programs. Data control clerks have CHANGE access to data files only and no access to software program files. The person in charge of operations maintains access to the operating software security features and is responsible for assigning access rights to individuals. The computer room is locked and requires a card-key to access the room. Only operations staff have a card-key to access the room, and security cameras...
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...Deployment Options To: Business Manager From: IT Consultant Manually gathering all files needed for distribution is a tedious job, but provides the developer full user control over what files are deployed to the target computer. One of the most common problems developers experience when deploying test software is missing or incorrect versions of file dependencies. A file dependency is a secondary file that a file requires to compile, load, or run correctly. Normally dependencies come in the form of DLLs, .NET assemblies or subVIs. It is extremely important that you identify exactly what dependencies your test software requires, as well as their versions. This can be challenging and in many cases one might need a third-party product to determine the explicit dependencies of a file. Since it’s extremely easy to forget to include various dependencies in the deployment image, a tool that packages all relative files together for easy distribution would be nice. The NI TestStand Deployment Utility greatly simplifies this process by using workspaces and project files to collect all of the files required to successfully distribute your test software to a target computer. The NI TestStand Deployment Utility is tightly integrated with LabVIEW facilitating the deployment of the VIs that make up your test system. One of LabVIEW’s biggest benefits is that it is inherently modular. Although LabVIEW applications can be compiled into monolithic executables, they can still be executed and maintain...
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...Running head: Business information breach - NASDAQ data breach Business information breach - NASDAQ data breach In 2011, NASDAQ Stock Market operations found "doubtful files" on its U.S. computer servers. There was no verification that the hackers entered or obtained customer information or that of parent corporation NASDAQ trading policies. The FBI along with exterior forensic associations helped carry out the investigation, despite the fact, NASDAQ OMX did not say when it was launched or when the apprehensive files were established. These files were recognized in a web application called Directors Desk. The search, which is ongoing with the help of securities supervisors, comes as investors are becoming progressively more anxious over the dependability and sanctuary of the rapid resource markets, which in North America and Europe are now more often than not online. NASDAQ Group, which runs equity and underlying assets, currency trade in the United States as well as European countries, did not give information on the hackers or on what they were up to. (Mathew J. Schwartz (2011) The breach under consideration relates to NASDAQ Directors Desk, a detailed communication system to assist board members. The company says the solution is used by over 10,000 directors around the world. It's almost impossible to establish where it comes from, however the powers that be are tracking it. The hackers were competent to set up malware that permitted them to spy on the activities...
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...Information Systems and Software Applications Jessica Carson BIS/219 September 13, 2010 Julie Johnston Information Systems and Software Applications Many operational departments work with information systems and software applications on a daily basis. Software applications make the organization of data for many departments more readily available. The accounting department for instance has accounting software applications that help to perform everyday accounting also organizing the company’s accounting information in a readily accessible form (Pearlson & Saunders, 2006). In the management department, the operational mangers can use a number of applications for many different tasks like organization, scheduling, or production of the department (Pearlson & Saunders, 2006). The human resources department uses information systems to keep employee file confidential and software applications to maintain the employee files. The application systems allow the department to organize employee files which enable the department to track employee training, hiring, as well as termination (Pearlson & Saunders, 2006). The accounting department uses the software applications to help in preparing payroll, accounts payable, account receivable, and providing customer invoicing. The applications used in the accounting department have to communicate with each other to keep the information accurate. The applications also have to share information with other information systems throughout...
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...Your new audit client, Hardwood Lumber Company, has a computerized accounting system for all financial statement cycles. During planning, you visited with the information systems vice president and learned that personnel in information systems are assigned to one of four departments: systems programming, applications programming, operations, or data control. Job tasks are specific to the individual and no responsibilities overlap with other departments. Hardwood Lumber relies on the operating system software to restrict online access to individuals. The operating system allows an employee with “READ” capabilities to only view the contents of the program or file. “CHANGE” allows the employee to update the contents of the program or file. “RUN” allows the employee to use a program to process data. Programmers, both systems and applications, are restricted to a READ-only access to all live application software program files but have READ and CHANGE capabilities for test copies of those software program files. Operators have READ and RUN capabilities for live application programs. Data control clerks have CHANGE access to data files only and no access to software program files. The person in charge of operations maintains access to the operating software security features and is responsible for assigning access rights to individuals. The computer room is locked and requires a card-key to access the room. Only operations staff have a card-key to access the room, and security cameras...
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... lost-update _____ show data in a structured context. reports A ______ is a collection of forms, reports, queries, and programs that process a database. database application ______ is a popular enterprise DBMS. DB2 ______ is the most popular diagramming tool for database applications. E-R 27. ______ is the process of converting a poorly structured table into two or more well-structured tables. normalization 28. ______ process logic that is specific to a given business record. application programs ______ softwares assist in creating, maintaining, and manipulating databases. DBMS A(n) _____ DBMS is designed to process large organizational and workgroup databases. enterprise A(n) _____ is a column or group of columns that identifies a unique row in a table. key All the following steps involved in transforming a data model into a relational database design except _____. each attribute of the entity becomes a row of the table Applications use DBMS for all of the following operations except _____ data. exchange 20. 24. 25. 26. 29. 30. 31. 32. Brenda wants to find a particular report query containing sales analysis of the second and third quarter. After accessing the DBMS, she should type in the keyword into a _____ form to locate what she is looking for. https://www.coursehero.com/file/10350813/PT2520-Final-Review/...
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...Donald S. Chisum Co-Founder and Lecturer, Chisum Patent Academy ChisumPatentAcademy.com December 5, 2011 SYNOPSIS § 1 Introduction § 2 Overview, Organization and Citation Form § 3 First Inventor to File 3.1 Effective Date; Two Patent Laws for Decades 3.2 "Sense of Congress"; Justifying Conversion to First-to-File; Certainty; Harmonization; Grace Period Difference 3.3 New Section 102 on Novelty 3.3.1 Retained Concepts 3.3.1.1 "Patented 3.3.1.2 "Described in a Printed Publication" 3.3.1.3 "In Public Use, On Sale": Is Non-Public Commercial Activity Included? 3.3.2 Omitted Concepts 3.3.2.1 "Known or Used" 3.3.2.2 "In this Country" 3.3.2.3 Invention Dates; On the Continuing Relevance of "Conception" and "Reduction to Practice"; "Who" Problems and "When" Problems; Derivation; Ownership 3.3.3 New or Revised Concepts 3.3.3.1 "Otherwise Available to the Public" 3.3.3.2 "Claimed Invention"; Generic Claims and Specific Disclosures 3.3.3.3 "Effective Filing Date" 3.3.4 Grace Period: Exception for Inventor Disclosures A Year or Less Before Filing 3.3.4.1 Inventor Disclosures; Derivation 3.3.4.2 Prior Disclosure by Inventor 3.3.5 Senior Right 3.3.5.1 Applications Previously Filed by Others as Prior Art; Effective Filing Date; Hilmer Abolished 3.3.5.2 Avoiding Senior Filed Application Disclosure 3.3.5.2.1 Subject Matter Obtained from Inventor 3.3.5.2.2 Subject Matter Previously Publicly Disclosed 3.3.5.2.3 Common Ownership; Prior Art Disqualifier 3.4 Amended Section 103 on Obviousness...
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...Joy Harrison, Kevin Bouchard, Clarrisa Houle, Joel Belew CMTG/445 September 30, 2013 Charlie Neuman Business Case Prototyping Before an application can be implemented executives would like to see a prototype of the application or system to see how it will function within their existing systems. A prototype is a scaled model of an application or system that allows developers to present the application although it may not be fully functional but has enough functionality that allows executives and end users to get the basic understanding of what the system or application does. When it comes to prototyping there are several approaches that can be used, such as the waterfall approach which is the most common method of prototyping used. The waterfall approach “relies heavily on written specs, and leave testing and user feedback until late in the development cycle. A waterfall approach works well when there is a desire to consciously limit user options and force the adoption of out-of the-box functionality.” (Llieva, Mizuno 2013) When taking into consideration the work environment today, everything is fast paced, and interactive and requires a faster process for prototyping. This is where rapid prototyping comes in, rapid prototyping provides incremental prototypes at points throughout the development of the application or system. There are 4 key advantages to using the rapid prototyping method: 1. Allows adaptation to changing or evolving requirements. ...
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...In order to design and development an integrated state-of-the art human resources information system, the initial step is to define Riordan’s business needs and its current technical resources. Riordan’s ERP system was installed in 1992 and independent from its branch offices. This system is an integral part of the finance and accounting application. Riordan employs over 550 people and has offices located in California, Michigan, Georgia, and China. Each branch office has an independent finance and accounting system that is consolidated at the corporate headquarters in San Jose, California. A brief overview of Riordan’s current information system and dependent software applications confirmed a business need for an integrated, high-performance information system. The factors that suggest the business needs are documented employee dissatisfaction, labor intensive procedures, and pertinent data located in various locations. This proposal will ensure that Riordan’s present and future business needs are met in a cost-effective manner without diminishing its requirements and effectiveness. Prior to addressing the design of the system, the affiliated departments were examined in order to determine the functions its information system perform and project future tasks that may be required. The initial examination commenced at corporate headquarters to observe the daily operations and review documents and reports. Additional interviews were conducted with branch office staff throughout...
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...Assignment 02 Chapter 2 pg 70: 1, 2, 7, 10, 11, 12, 13, 16, 19, 20, 26 1. What are the different types of application architectures? There are three different fundamental application architectures. In host-based networks, the server performs virtually all of the work. In client-based networks, the client computer does most of the work; the server is used only for data storage. In client-server networks, the work is shared between the servers and clients. The client performs all presentation logic, the server handles all data storage and data access logic, and one performs the application logic. Client server networks can be cheaper to install and often better balance the network loads but are far more complex and costly to develop manage. 2. Describe the four basic functions of an application software package. Basic functions of an application Layer Data storage Storing of data generated by programs (e.g., files, records) Data access logic Processing required accessing stored data (e.g., SQL) Application logic Business login such as word processors, spreadsheets Presentation logic Presentation of info to user and acceptance of user commands 7. Compare and contrast two-tier, three-tier, and n-tier client-server architectures. What are the technical differences, and what advantages and disadvantages does each offer? Two-tier client server architecture uses only two sets of...
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