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Armenian Diaspora

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Submitted By apakberkay
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ARMENIAN DIASPORA The Armenian Diaspora is the Armenian communities who live in the outside of Republic of Armenia and de-facto independent Nagorno-Karabach Republic. Those people who live in abroad of their origin land mostly immigrated from Eastern part of Turkey after Ottoman Parliament passed the temporary ‘Tehcir Law’. This law authorized Ottoman Empire to the deportation of Armenian population located in the east part of Anatolia. The resettlement campaign resulted in the deaths of nearly 600.000- 1.500.000 civilians. According to Ottoman archives, the deportation started at March 2, 1915. On September 13, 1915; Ottoman Parliament also passed the law to capture all lands, homes, livestocks owned by Armenians to local authorities. While some historians claim that this was the first genocide of the 20th century, others claim that Ottoman Empire deported the Armenians for their safety, when the empire was so close to collapse. There consequent situtations led many Armenian people to immigrate to the different parts of world. The biggest Armenian population except Republic of Armenia is located in Russia as around 2,2 million. After Russia, United States is the second most populated Armenian diaspora, estimated around 1,4 million. Turkey, France and Georgia are also other countries that host many Armenian people. Moreover, Armenians spread whole over the world but in the case of diasporas; Russia, USA, France and Turkey’s Armenian diasporas are well known and very active.
Armenian Diaspora in Russia Armenians in Russia are mostly located in big cities like Moscow, Krasnodar and St. Petersburg. Afterwards Sovıet Union had been collapsed, there were more than estimated 2 millions Armenians living across all over the Russia. There are notably famous and important Armenians that born in former Soviet Union and continue their lives in Russia; Sergey Lavrov, the foreign minister of Russian Federation since 2004; Garry Kasparov; chess grandmaster, writer and political activist, considered by many to be the greatest chess player of all time and Leon Orbelli, scientist, the founder of evolutionary psychology. Republic of Armenia still keeps its relations with Russian Federation in a good manner. The dispute over Karabach with Azerbeijan prevents Armenia to become a NATO member and even the Armenian diaspora in USA is so effective in politics, USA maintains good relations with Turkey and Azerbaijan due to their strategical position in security problems.
Armenian Diaspora in France The largest Armenian community in Western Europe are ethnic Armenians that live in France. Like the other Armenians, most of them immigrated to France after deportation by Ottoman Empire. The others arrived later after the conflicts came up in Middle East, mostly from Egypt, Iran and Lebanon. Their numbers are estimated more than a half million. They established their own churches, mostly Armenian Catholic churches and also a few of Armenian Evangelist Churches are being established all over France. They have also established some institutions to maintain the education of newborn Armenians in France. Also they care about the sustainability of their language, that’s why they founded some language houses in Lyon and Paris. They have also their own media, 4 newspapers publish in Armenian and also 3 radio channels that broadcast in Armenian. Absolutely, the Armenians in France and also in the other countries, mostly strive for the legislation of Armenian Genocide that happened in 1915-16. Many French candidate presidents used that discourse in their selection process to gain votes from Armenian diaspora. The last one, former president Nicolas Sarkozy, passed the law in French parliament to punish the denial of Armenian Genocide. However, Constitutional Council struck down the law, saying that it infringes the freedom of speech. For a while, Turkish government suspended its economical, political and social relations with France. The earthquake in Armenia at 1988 mobilized huge populations of Armenian diaspora to aid their origin country, even Charles Aznavour(popular singer, Armenian) established a foundation to help the victims.
Armenians in USA According to the last surveys, there are more than 500.000 Armenians live in USA. However, media says that this population is underestimated and there must be more than 1,2 million Armenians in USA. They are mostly located in California state, Los Angeles City is mostly accepted as the center of Armenian life in USA. The first Armenian arrived to USA at 17th century. The biggest wave was no surpsingly the times of World War I, mostly immigrated from Turkey and Russia. The second wave was happened through the times of political instability in Middle East countries, the same immigration wave led Armenians to flee to France. Armenians established their own churches, television and radio channels and daily published newspapers. They founded their own schools for the education of young people and moreover, their language institution to transfer their origin language to new generations. Even there are more Armenians in Russia( up to 2 million), Armenian diaspora in USA is well-known for their lobby Works for the Congress. The Armenian-American lobby is considered to be the second powerfull lobby after Jewish lobby in USA. The main efforts of lobby are concentrated on to increase economic and military aids to Armenia and reaffirmation of the genocide of 1915. They mostly gather their interests in US politics because they consider that US is the only power to force Turkey to admit genocide and pay repartations to Armenia. On every 24th of April, American Armenians gather in cities for the recognition of Armenian Genocide.
Armenian Diaspora and Terrorism
Conclusion
Armenian diaspora is spread throughout the World and even they are more populated than Republic of Armenia. They mostly strive for the acception of Armenian Genocide by the country they live, and they almostly accomplished it in 42 states of USA and 21 countries including Argentina, UK, Greece and Germany. They also aim to sustain their cultural heritages, their bonds to be together by media and other publishments. Berkay APAK

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